Term
| intense apprehension, fearfulness, or terror often associated with feelings of impending doom in the absence of real danger |
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Definition
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Term
| when does a panic attack peak? |
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Definition
| typically within 10 minutes |
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Term
| how many sypmtoms must be involved to dx a panic attack? |
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Definition
| 3 of 12 somatic or cognitive symptoms |
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Term
| a panic attack with fewer than 4 symptoms is referred to as.... |
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Definition
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Term
| types of panic attacks.... (2) |
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Definition
unexpected (uncued)
situationally bound (cued) |
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Term
| definition of a Panic Disorder |
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Definition
| recurrent, unexpected panic attacks followed by 1 month of persistent concern about having another panic attack |
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Term
| what co-morbidities are associated with panic disorders? |
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Definition
| dizziness, cardiac arryhthmias, hyperthyroidism, asthma, COPD, IBS |
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Term
| what is the typical age at onset of Panic Disorders? |
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Definition
| late adolescence and mid 30's |
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Term
| "Fear of the Marketplace" |
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Definition
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Term
| anxiety about being in places from which escape is difficult or help may be unavailable |
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Definition
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Term
| often a pt with agoraphobia is able or is not able to confront the situation better when accompanied by a companion |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| CBT, neurological focuses on excessive "fight or flight" response, antidepressants and/or benzos in conjunction with psychotherapy |
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Term
| how should the doage of antidepressants be adjusted for pts with panic disorders? why? |
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Definition
| start at 1/4 to 1/2 usual initial dosage because pts are highly sensitive to anxiogenic effects of SSRIs and other antidepressants |
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Term
| marked and specific fear of clearly discernible, circumscribed objects or situations |
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Definition
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Term
| time frame to dx phobia in an adolescent |
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Definition
| if pt <18, sxs > 6 months |
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Term
when do the phobia subtypes take hold?
animal
natural environment (height, storms, water, etc)
blood-injection injury
situational |
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Definition
animal - childhood
natrual environment - childhood
blood injection - familial onset
situational - bimodal, childhood and mid 20's |
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Term
| marked and persistent fear of social or performance situations in which embarrassment may occur |
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Definition
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Term
| what should you consider if a person with a social phobia's fears include most social settings.... |
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Definition
| avoidant personality disorder |
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Term
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Definition
| desensitization techniques, relaxation techniques, SSRIs, MAOIs, Beta Blockers |
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Term
| recurrent obsessions or compulsions severe enough to be time consuming (>1hr/day) or cause significant impairment in daily living |
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Definition
| Obsessive Compulsive Disorder |
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Term
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Definition
contamination - hand washing.
repeated doubts - door locking.
A need to have things in a particular order.
Aggressive/Horrific Impulses.
Sexual Imageries. |
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Term
| repetitive behaviors to reduce the distress of an obsession, not to provide pleasure or gratification. |
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Definition
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Term
| this qualfier is added to an OCD diagnosis when for most of the time during the current episode the individual doesn't relaize the obessions/compulsions are excessive or unreasonable |
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Definition
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Term
| what other diseases is OCD associated with in adults? |
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Definition
| major depressive disorder, other anxiety disorders, personality disorders, eating disorders |
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Term
| what other diseases is OCD associated with in kids? |
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Definition
| learning disorders and disruptive behavior disorders |
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Term
| what one disease is highly correlated with OCD in adults and children? |
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Definition
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Term
| what is the age of onset for OCD? |
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Definition
| 6-15 in males and 20-29 in females |
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Term
| describe the onset of OCD? |
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Definition
| graduate onset with chronic waxing and waning |
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Term
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Definition
behavioral therapy - reduce frequency of compulsive thoughts.
CBT - individual, group, or family.
Psychosurgery - severe and refractory OCD.
Rx - SSRIs = mainstay.
others = clomipramine, MAOIs, lithium, antipsychotics, and anxiolytics |
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Term
| syndrome that arises in response to a psychologically traumatic event. Stressor involves threat of death or serious physical harm to self or others and produces intense feelings or horror, fear, or helplessness. |
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Definition
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Term
| for dx of PTSD pts must have sxs in each of what 3 realms |
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Definition
1. positive or re-experiencing symptoms (unique to PTSD)
2. negative sypmtoms - avoidance
3. increased arousal |
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Term
| timeframe for acute stress disorder |
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Definition
| 2 days - 1 month post event |
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Term
| time frame for acute PTSD |
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Definition
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|
Term
| time frame for chonric PTSD |
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Definition
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|
Term
| time frame for PTSD with delayed onset |
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Definition
| onset > 6 months post event |
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Term
| PTSD is associated with increased rates of |
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Definition
major depressive disorders, substance related disorders, panic disorders, agoraphobia, OCD, GAD, social phobia, specific phobia, bipolar disorder.
They can preceede, follow, or emerge concurrently with PTSD |
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Term
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Definition
empathetic psychotherapy, behavioral techniques (relaxation, exposure), RX.
Rx = antidepressants (Tricyclics, MAOIs, SSRIs), mood stabilizers, alpha agonists (clonidine, guanfacine, alpha antagonist (prazosin) |
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Term
| what is integral to prevent progression of PTSD? |
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Definition
| early intervention and appropriate psychotherapy |
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Term
| what coordinates the neurobiological response? |
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Definition
| central nucleus of amygdala |
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Term
| excessive anxiety and worry more days than not for a period of at least 6 months |
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Definition
| Generalized Anxiety Disorder |
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Term
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Definition
difficulty controlling worry and 3 of the following sxs (1 in kids):
restlessness or feeling on edge
being easily fatigued
difficulty concetrating or mind going blank
irritability
muscle tension
sleep disturbance |
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Term
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Definition
cognitive and behavioral techniques
Rx - benzos (short term), buspirone (no addictive potential), SNRI, SSRI, Tricyclics |
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Term
| anxiety due to direct physiological effects of a medical condition is termed.... |
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Definition
| anxiety disorder due to a general medical condition |
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Term
| when can you not diagnose anxiety disorder due to a generalized medical condition |
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Definition
| if the anxiety only occurs duing delirium |
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Term
| specifiers of anxiety disorders due to a general medical condition.... |
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Definition
with generalized anxiety
with panic attacks
with obsessive-compulsive symptoms |
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Term
| anxiety symptoms due to direct physiological effects of a substance (drug of abuse, medication, toxin) |
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Definition
substance induced anxiety disorder.
Specifiers:
with generalized anxiety, with panic attacks, with obsessive-compulsive sxs. As well as with phobic sxs, with onset during intoxication, with onset during withdrawal |
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