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PSYCH Sense and Perception
Body Senses (Yantis Ch12)
36
Psychology
Undergraduate 2
03/28/2015

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Term
Tactile Perception
Definition
Resultant of a mechanical deformation (indentation etc, of the skin)
Term
Mechanorecptor
Definition
Sensory receptors that transduce the mechanical deformations of the skin, into neural signals for the brain.
Term
SAI Mechanoreceptor
Definition
Slow adapting mechanorecptors.
Merkel cell endings.
Densely arranged near the surface of the skin.
Term
SAII Mechanorecpetor
Definition
Slow-adapting mechanoreceptor.
Large receptive fields, sparsely distributed, deep within the skin.
Term
FAI MEchanoreceptor
Definition
Fast adapting.
Meissner corpuscle endings.
Small receptive fields, densely arranged near the surface
Term
FAII mechanoreceptors
Definition
Fast adapting.
Pacinian corpuscle endings.
large fields, sparsely, and deeply distributed.
Term
Merkel Cell
Definition
Specialized endings of SAI mechanorecpetors,
Where transduction takes place.
Term
Meissner Corpuscles
Definition
Specialized endings of FAI mechanorecpeptors.
Where transtduction takes place.
Term
Pacinian Corpuscles
Definition
Specialized endings of FAII mechanorecpetors.
Where transduction takes place.
Term
C-tactile Mechanorecpetors
Definition
A type of free nerve ending (mechanorecptor)only present on hairy skin.
Respond to slow, gentle touch, and send signals to insular cortex.
Term
Proprioception
Definition
Perception of the position and movement of body parts.
Term
Muscle Spindles
Definition
Sensory organs,
Provide information about muscle length.
& isometric forces on muscles, for proprioception.
Term
Golgi tendon organs
Definition
Sensory organs that provide information about muscle force (for proprioception).
Term
Joint Receptors
Definition
Sensory organs that provide information about joint angles.
Probably to signal when a joint has reached limit of its normal motion.
Term
Nocioceptive Pain
Definition
Pain of tissue damage
Term
Nociceptors
Definition
Receptors that transduce physical stimuli associated with: damagaing mechanical, thermal or chemical events, incldued among the freee never endings in the epidermous and dermis.
Term
Sensitization
Definition
A mechanism that decreases the response threshold of nociceptors so that low level stimulation can cause pain
Term
A-delta fibers
Definition
myelinated axons of nociceptors.
Transmit pain signals,
produce rapid response to mechanical stimuli and excessive heat
Term
C fibers
Definition
unmyelenated axons of nociceptors that transmit pain signals slowly.
Term
Warm Fibers
Definition
Thermoreceptors that fire at an ongoing moderate rate, to skin temperatures between 29-43 Celsius.
Term
Cold Fibers
Definition
Thermorecpetors that fire at an ongoing rate in response to temperatures from 17-40 Celsius.
Term
DCML
Definition
Dorsal Column medial lemniscal pathway
Pathway for signals involved in tactile perception and proproception.
Travels up spinal-cord on the ipsilateral side...
Term
Spinothalamic Pathway
Definition
Pathway for signals in nocioception and thermoreception.
Term
VP Nucleus
Definition
Ventral Posterior Nucleus
A nucleus of the thalamus; par of the DCML pathway, and spinothalamic pathway
Term
Somatosensory Cortex
Definition
A region of the cerebral cortex in the anterior parietal lobe
Term
S1
Definition
Primary somatosensory cortex
First area to receive somatosensory signals from the ventral posterior cortex.
Divided into four strips (3a,3b,1,2)
Term
S2
Definition
Secondary somatosensory cortex
A subreigon of hte somatosensory cortex.
Recieves signals from the S1.
Term
Somatotopic Map
Definition
A mapping of the body surface onto the somatosensory cortex.
Adjacent locations on cortex, receives signals from adjacent locations on the body.
Term
endogenous opioids
Definition
Compounds belonging to the opiates class.
Released in response to pain/stress.
Term
Endorphins
Definition
Endogenous opioids that have an inhibitory effect on pain-related neural signals. Reducing the perceived intensity of pain.
Term
Haptic Perception
Definition
Using touch to perceive and identify objects.
Combines tactile, proprioeption, and thermorecption information.
Term
Tactile Agnosia
Definition
Results from damage to Parietal Cortex, especially S2.
Term
Vestibular System
Definition
Sense organs, used to produce neural signals carrying information about balance and acceleration.
Term
Semicircular Canals
Definition
Part of vestibular system.
three perpendicular, hollow curved tubes in the skull, filled with endolymph. Responsible for signalling head rotation.
Term
Otolith Organs
Definition
Part of vestibular system.
Consists of utricle and saccule.
Responsible for signalling if head is undergoing linear acceleration or being held in tilted position.
Term
vestibular-ocular reflex
Definition
Unconscious compensating movement of the eyes during head movements, to maintain a stable gaze.
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