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| the study of the processes and products of the mind as they emerge and change over time |
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| 0-2 object permanence. Renee says you get object permanence by 4 months |
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| 2-7 symbiotic thought but with limitations |
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| childs inability to take the perspective of another person |
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| tendency to have their attention captured by more perceptually striking features of objects. (amnt of liquid doesn't change if the size of the container does) |
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| concrete operations stage |
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| 7-11. Child becomes capable of having mental operations. |
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| the understanding that the physicl properties of objects do not change when nothing is added or taken away, even though the objects appearance changes. (water in diff container) |
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| 11-on thinking becomes abstract. |
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| frameworks for initial understanding. |
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| a process where children absorb knowledge from their social context that has a major impact on how cognition unfolds over time |
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| selective optimization with compensation |
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| a strategy for successful aging in which one makes the most gains while minimizing the impact of losses that accompany normal aging. |
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| minimal units of speech in any given language that make a meaningful difference in speech and production and reception. |
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| exaggerated high pitched intonation adults speak to little children in |
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| the innate guidelines or operation principles that children bring to the task of learning a language |
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| a grammatical error in which rules of language are applied too widely resulting in incorrect linguistic forms |
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| stages that each individual must successfully navigate, each stage presents a different conflict. |
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| biologically based levels of emotional and behavioral response to the environment. (born shy/bold..) |
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| close emotional relationship between child and mother/father. |
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| some species the infant becomes inprinted on the first object is sees/hears. |
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| depends on 2 dimensions: demandingness and responsiveness. |
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| children attach to what makes them more comfortable |
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| selective social interaction theory |
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| as people age they become more selective in choosing social partners who satisfy their emotional needs. |
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| a commitment beyond oneself to family, work, society, or future generations. A crucial step in development typically in ones 30s or 40s. Orientation toward the greater good. |
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| socially defined patern of behavior that is expected of a person when functioning in a given setting or group |
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| process by which people come to understand and categorize the bhaviors of others |
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| is a general approach to descirbing the ways the social perciever uses information to generate causal explanations |
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| people should attribute a behavior to a causal factor if tht factor was present whenever the behavior occured but was absent whenever it didn't occur. |
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| Fundamental Attribution Error |
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Definition
| the dual tendency for people to overestimate dispositional factors (blame or credit people) and to underestimate situational factors (blame or credit the environment) when searching for the cause of some behavior or outcome |
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| to label the process by which someone's expectations about another person actually influence the second person to behave in ways that confirm the original hypothesis. |
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| elaboration liklihood model |
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| theory of persuasion that defines how likely it is that people will focus their cognitive processes to elaborate on a persuasive message. |
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| you infer what your internal states are or should be by perceiving how you are acting now and recalling how you have acted in the past in a given situation. |
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| a change in behavior consisten with their direct requests. |
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| when someone does something for you you should do something for them |
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| process by which people organize themselves and others into groups |
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| a program combating prejudice must foster personal interaction in the pursuit of shared goals |
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| classrooms use a techniqe known as jissawing, in which each pupil is givenpart of the total material to maseter and then they share it with other students. |
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| cues in an experimental setting that influence participants perceptions of what is expected of them and systematically influences their behavior. "playing along" |
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| behavior carried out with the goal of helping others |
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| prosocial behaviors that are carried out disregarding his or her own safety |
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| concept that says people perform altruistic behaviors because they expect tht others will perform altruistic behaviors for them. |
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| agression produces in reaction to situations and is emotionally driven,...heat of the moment. |
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| goal directed (knocking an old lady down to get her purse) |
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| frustration-aggression hypothesis |
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| frustration occurs in situations in which people are prevented or blocked from attaining their goals. |
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| division in the american psychological association that works to promote peace |
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| the way in which leaders directly influence their followers |
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