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| the study of the behavior of humans and other animals |
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| anything an organism does that involves action and response to stimulation |
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| what you measure in an experiment |
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| unconditioned stimulus (UCS) |
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| a behavioral reflex that happens the very first time a stimulus is tested |
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| french term meaning "distinction of habit vs. conscious of living" |
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| Edward Thorndike vs. Tolman |
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Thorndike studied cats and was a behaviorist
Tolman studied rats and was a cognitivist |
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| Conclusion of Thorndike's experiment |
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| puzzle box. cats learned gradually and required experience to form a habit. |
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| Thorndike. reward enhances learning |
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| removed portions of rat's brain after they found food in the maze to see if they would forget the path once the portion was removed. conclusion: there is no memory source |
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| same experiment as lashley but with rabbits and conditioned eyeblink response. found memory source |
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| Packard & McGaugh results (rats in maze) |
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after the first week of training, rats would use spatial cues (cognitive learning)
after second week, they formed a habit of turning a certain way automatically
rats use habit learning and cognitive learning*** |
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| the way you learn is by looking inside of yourself; based on motivation and drives |
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| something that is removed |
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| institutional review board. for humans only |
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| institutional animal care and use committee. for animals only |
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D x K x H - I = sEr
D = Drive (deprivation, homeostasis)
K = Cues (reward and cues)
H = Habit (strength - U: innate or H: conditioned)
I = Inhibition (caused by ineffective responses)
sEr = excitatory potential |
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| john watson and rosalie reiner showed that: |
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| fear can be conditioned. little albert was conditioned to be afraid of the rat |
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