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| Concept or framework that organizes and interprets information. |
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Superordinate Level: broad (ex. weather)
Basic Level: (ex. cold weather)
Subordinate Level: specific (ex. snow) |
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| Psychodynamic/Psychoanalytic Perspective |
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Definition
Main Psychologist: Freud
Iceberg theory:
- Id (subconscious)
- Superego (preconscious)
- Ego (conscious mind)
Sex & Aggression drive human behavior. |
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Main Psychologist: Skinner
- Brain = Black Box
- Reward and Punishment make humans do what they do. |
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Brain is like a computer.
input - outcome |
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Darwin
Survival of the Fittest
Tries to explain how certain behaviors and human conditions could have somehow been helpful in the survival of our ancestors. |
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Definition
Main Psychologists: Maslow & Rogers
Self Actualization
Self esteem
Bonding & Love
...Hippies |
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Definition
Medical approach to psychology.
Neurotransmitters and such. |
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Definition
Broad prediction
(needs reframing as a hypothesis) |
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Definition
Variable where, within the limits the variable ranges, any value is possible.
Ex: amount of happiness, height...etc. |
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Variable that assumes a limited number of cardinal values.
Ex: yes or no, small medium or large... etc. |
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| Results can or cannot be applied to the population as a whole. |
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| Whether there are confounding variables or not. |
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| Whether or not your results are generalizable. |
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| Both the giver and the receiver don't know if the medication is a placebo or the real thing. |
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| Receiver does not know whether the medication is a placebo or the real thing and the giver does know. |
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| Experiment, case study, survey, naturalistic observation, correlation coefficient. |
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| Moral boundaries for any study |
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| The middle number when all numbers are in numerical order. |
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| Number that occurs most in a list. |
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Definition
| A nerve cell; the basic building block of the nervous system. |
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Definition
Amount at which you can reliably detect something.
(bee's wing, candle in a field...) |
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Definition
Amount at which you can detect a change in something.
(JND) |
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Definition
| A ring of muscle tissue that forms the colored part of the eye around the pupil and controls the size of the pupil opening. |
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Definition
| The adjustable opening in the center of the eye through which light enters. |
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Definition
| The transparent structure behind the pupil that changes shape to focus images on the retina. |
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Definition
| The light sensitive inner surface of the eye, containing the receptor rods and cones plus layers of neurons that begin the processing of visual information. |
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Definition
| nearsightedness (nearby objects are clearer) |
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Definition
| farsightedness (far away objects are clearer) |
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Definition
| retinal receptors that detect black, white and gray. |
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Definition
Receptor cells that are concentrated near the center of the retina and that funtion in daylight or in well-lit conditions.
They detect fine detail and give rise to color sensations. |
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Definition
| the nerve that carries neural impulses from the eye to the brain. |
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Definition
| The central focal point in the retina around which the eye's cones cluster. |
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Definition
| The transparent front part of the eye that covers the iris, pupil, and anterior chamber, providing most of an eye's optical power. |
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Definition
| The distance from the peak of one light or sound wave to the peak of the next. |
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Definition
| The number of complete wavelengths that pass a point in a given time. |
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Definition
| A tone's highness or lowness; depends on frequency |
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Definition
| The chamber between the eardrum and cochlea containing three tiny bones (hammer, anvil, stirrup) that concentrate the vibrations of the eardrum on the cochlea's oval window. |
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Definition
| Contains the cochlea, semicircular canals, and vestibular sacs. |
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Definition
| a coiled, bony, fluid-filled tube in the inner ear through which sound waves trigger nerve impulses. |
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Definition
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| Pressure, temperature and pain. |
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Definition
a change over time in the responsiveness of the sensory system to a constant stimulus.
(getting used to a bed smell in a room) |
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| The process of receiving stimuli or information. |
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| The process of evaluating information and giving it meaning. |
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| distance cues available to either eye alone. |
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Definition
| If one object patially blocks our view of another, we perceive it as closer. |
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Definition
| If we assume that two objects are similar in size, we perceive the one that casts the smaller retinal image as farther away. |
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Definition
| Because light from distant objects passes through more atmosphere, we perceive hazy objects as farther away than sharp, clear objects. |
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Term
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Definition
| A gradual change from a coarse, distinct texture to a fine, indistinct texture signals increasing distance. |
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Definition
| We perceive objects higher in our field of vision as farther away. |
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Term
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Definition
As we move, objects that are actually stable may appear to move.
The nearer an object is, the faster it seems to move. |
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Term
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Definition
| Parallel lines appear to converge with distange. The more the lines converge, the greater their perceived distance. |
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Term
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Definition
| Nearby objects reflect more light to our eyes. Thus, given two identical objects, the dimmer one seems farther away. |
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