Term
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Definition
| unjustified negative/harmful action + prejudice aversive/hostile attitude |
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Term
| Allport's Scale of Prejudice and Discrimination |
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Definition
- Antilocution- hate speech/stereotyping
- Avoidance
- Discrimination -denied opportunities
- Physical Attack
- Extermination |
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Term
| What contributes to prejudice and dicrimination? |
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Definition
-Learning and socialization (taught)
-Evolutionary (favor similarities)
-Realistic Conflict theory (limited resources cause competition) |
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Term
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Definition
| "they are alike, we are different" thinking |
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Term
| Automatic v Controlled Processing |
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Definition
| Automatic reactions/thoughts vs. Controlled actions |
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Term
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Definition
| Fear of confirming the negative stereotype placed on you. Performance decreases and stereotype confirmed |
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Term
| What helps reduce prejudice? |
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Definition
Racial identity-strong sense of this protects against stress, substance abuse, low self esteem, etc
-Racial socialization- preparation/desensitivity
-Contact hypothesis- repeated contact + mutual interdependence + common goal |
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Term
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Definition
process based on experience that results in a relatively consistent change in behavior
-true learning stays w/ you across time and place |
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Term
| Habituation v. Sensitization |
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Definition
habituation- boredom, getting use to something
Sensitization- increase in behavioral response when a stimulus is presented repeatedly (pain, irritants) |
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Term
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Definition
Learning Theorist focused on behavior analysis- how/why people learn/react
"Fears are learned, not born." |
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Term
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Definition
| building blocks of human development |
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Term
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Definition
-observational learning
-novel aggressive acts
-experiment w/ children, toys, violence |
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Term
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Definition
| people are not born w/ tendencies, they are products of their environments |
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Term
| Pavlov's Classical Conditioning |
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Definition
Unconditioned Stimulus (meat powder)
Unconditioned Response (salivation)
through ACQUISITION:
Conditioned Stimulus(bell)
Conditioned Response(salivation) |
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Term
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Definition
Delayed- MOST EFFECTIVE. delay b/tw stimulus and reward
Trace- lapse b/tw stimulus and reward
Simultaneous- WORST presented together
Backward- reward, then stimulus |
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Term
| Stimulus generalization v discrimination |
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Definition
generalization-automatic extension to similar stimuli
discrimination-pigeons/color
to have both is optimal |
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Term
| Skinner- Operant Conditioning |
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Definition
Reinforcement:
Pos-added for good behavior
Neg- taken away for good behavior (seat belt alarm)
Punishment:
Pos-something added for bad behavior (pain, chores)
Neg-something taken away for bad behavior (removing priviliges) |
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Term
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Definition
Albert exp.- little boy +white fluffy things+ loud noises
Emotions highly resistant to extinction |
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Term
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Definition
| when a behavior no longer produces predictable consequences it returns to normal levels |
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