Term
Consistency Theory Attitudes SP
Fritz Heider's Balance Theory |
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Definition
- Three elements; relationship triangle
- When there's balance, there's harmony; no balance, stress
- Balance exists: 1+ or 3+
- Balance lacks: 0 or 2+
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Term
Leon Festinger's Cognitive Dissonance Theory |
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Definition
Festinger & Carlsmith (1959)
- Festinger and Carlsmith explained there is dissonance between the cognition and the action. The $20 subjects explained away the dissonance because $20 justified the action of lying.
- The $1 subjects were not easily able to justify their lies, so they had to change either the cognition or the action. Because the action was already performed, the $1 subjects changed their attitude of the experiment.
- Two Main Principles:
- 1) If a person is pressured to act contrary to his beliefs, he will consider changing his beliefs
- 2) The greater the pressure, the less attitudinal change. Ultimately, attitude change generally occurs when behavior is induced with minimal pressure
Consistency Theory Attitudes SP |
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Definition
One's attitudes are not in sync with one's behaviors
Consistency Theory Attitudes SP
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Definition
One freely chooses between several desirable alternatives
Consistency Theory Attitudes SP |
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Post-Decisional Dissonance |
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Definition
When dissonance occurs after the choice
Consistency Theory Attitudes SP
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Spreading of the Alternatives |
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Definition
Accentuating the positive in the choice made while accentuating the negative in the choice avoided
Consistency Theory Attitudes SP
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Forced Compliance Dissonance |
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Definition
One is forced into behaving in a manner that is inconsistent with his beliefs
Consistency Theory Attitudes SP
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