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| Attempts to explain psychological traits (memory, perception, language) as adaptations (function products of natural/sexual selection) |
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| Evolutionary process through which adaptive traits are passed on to ongoing generations because these traits help animals survive and reproduce. Human traits are often identified as a result of the pressures afforded by this. |
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| Evolutionary process through which desirable traits are selectively and strategically passed down through generations |
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| A random error in gene replication that leads to a change |
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| In psychology, the biologically and socially influenced characteristics by which people define "male" and "female" |
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| Rats raised in enriched environments have thicker cortices |
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| Enduring behaviors, ideas, attitudes, values, and traditions shared by a group of people and transmitted from one generation to the next |
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| Children attempt to fit into a group by conforming - children learn to cooperate with others, gaining popularity, and developing interactions |
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| Largely genetic, based on own parenting model |
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| An understood rule for accepted and expected behavior, prescribing "proper" behavior |
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| the buffer zone we like to maintain around our bodies |
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| Giving priority to one's own goals over group goals and defining one's identity in terms of personal attributes rather than group identifications. Western/European quality. |
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| Giving priority to goals of one's group (often one's extended family or work group) and defining one's identity accordingly. Generally an Asian-African quality. |
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| Physical or verbal behavior intended to hurt someone. Physical associated with males, verbal associated with females. |
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| Expectations of how men and women are supposed to behave |
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| How a person views themselves in terms of gender |
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| Theory proposing we learn gender behavior like any other behavior (reinforcement, punishment, and observation) |
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Definition
| Theory suggesting we learn a cultural recipe of how to be a male or female, which influences our gender-based perceptions and behaviors |
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