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Psych Final
Developmental Psychology Developement in Adolescence, Adulthood, and Old Age
57
Psychology
Undergraduate 2
05/06/2012

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Cards

Term
Who has the theory of Crisis of Identity vs. confusion?
Definition
Erikson
Term
Term for adolescence as a "time out" period to explore identity
Definition
psychosocial moratorium
Term
Successful resolution of Erickson identity crisis leads to...
Definition
fidelity
Term
3 Components of Identity
Definition
1. choice of occupation
2. adoption of values
3. development of sexual identity
Term
Who has the theory of crisis vs commitment?
Definition
Marcia
Term
Crisis resolved, and commitment found
Definition
Identity Achievement
Term
Crisis resolved, and commitment found
Definition
Identity Achievement
Term
Commitment without crisis
Definition
Foreclosure
Term
Crisis without commitment
Definition
Moratorium
Term
No crisis, no commitment
Definition
Identity diffusion
Term
2 biological difference between homo- and heterosexual people?
Definition
Size of hypothalamus, pheromone attraction
Term
Average age for 1st intercourse
Definition
17 for females, 16 for males
Term
Top reasons for adolescents abstaining from sex
Definition
religion and morals, pregnancy concerns
Term
Factors associated with early sex
Definition
Early puberty, poverty, poor school performance, history of sexual abuse, neglect, family patterns, perception of peer norms
Term
STD prevalence
Definition
1 in 4 new cases occur among 15-19 year olds
Term
one unprotected sexual experience has ____% chance of contracting herpes
Definition
30%
Term
one unprotected sexual experience has ____% chance of contracting gonorrhea
Definition
50%
Term
2 types of antisocial behavior
Definition
1. early onset- begins by age 11, most likely to be problematic later in life
2. late onset- starts after puberty, usually just a phase of adolescent risk taking
Term
Term for community support which contributes to adolescent delinquency
Definition
collective efficacy
Term
3 criteria people use for adulthood
Definition
1. Accepting responsibility for oneself 2. Making independent decisions
3. Becoming financially independent
Term
____% of young people in the US have had sex by age 20
Definition
77%
Term
Number of girls pregnant before age 20
Definition
4 out of 10
Term
emerging adulthood
Definition
period from late teens to late twenties
Term
Rates of injury, homicide, and substance use peak during
Definition
emerging adulthood
Term
The obesity epidemic has been influenced by:
Definition
increase in snacking, availability of fast food, supersized portions, high-fat diets, labor-saving technologies, and sedentary recreation like TV
Term
Sleep improves
Definition
learning of complex motor skills and consolidates previous learning
Term
social integration
Definition
active engagement in a broad range of social relationships, activities,and roles
Term
social support
Definition
material, information and psychological resources derived from a social network on which a person can rely for help in coping with stress
Term
2 indirect influences on health (terms)
Definition
social integration, social support
Term
heritability of alcohol dependence
Definition
50-60
Term
Drug use peaks at ages 18-20
Definition
Term
Antisocial behavior rises in ______ and ______ in adulthood
Definition
adolescence, and sharply drops
Term
Depression increases in ages 15-22
Definition
Term
Number of adults have an STD by 24
Definition
Half
Term
Reflective thinking
Definition
Active and persistent consideration of information or beliefs, questioning supposed facts
Term
Age reflective thinking develops
Definition
20 - 25
Term
Cortical regions can handle high level of thinking because
Definition
They become fully myelinated
Term
Post formal Thought
Definition
ability to deal with uncertainty, inconsistency/contradiction, imperfection and compromis
Term
Postformal thought draws on
Definition
1.Intuition
2. Logic
3. Emotion
Term
Tacit knowledge,
Definition
practical intelligence, the inside information or know-how that is not formally taught
Term
Componential Intelligence
Definition
practical intelligence, common sense
Term
Triarche Theory of Intelligence
Definition
Experiential Element
Contextual Element
Componential Element
Term
Substantive Complexity
Definition
degree to which a person’s work requires thought and independent judgement
Term
Spillover Hypothesis
Definition
: hypothesis that a positive correlation exits between intellectuality of work and of leisure activities because of a carryover of cognitive gains from work to leisure
Term
Primary aging
Definition
gradual, inevitable process of bodily deterioration that begins early in life and continues through the years, regardless of what people do to prevent it
Term
Secondary Aging
Definition
results for disease, abuse and disuse, often in a person's control
Term
Functional Age
Definition
measure of a persons ability to function effectively in their physical and social environmental compared to others in their same chronological age group
Term
Life Expectancy
Definition
the age to which a person born at a certain time is statistically likely to live to
Term
Longevity
Definition
length of an indiviuals life
Term
Lifespan
Definition
the longest period that members of a species can live
Term
Two categories of biological aging
Definition
Genetic and Variable
Term
Genetic
Definition
programming theories: people’s bodies age according to a normal developmental timetable built into the genes
 One theory offers programmed senescene, where certain genes are programmed to “switch off” at a point
Term
Variable
Definition
rate theories: theories that explain biological aging as a result of processes that vary from person to person and are influenced by both the internal and the external environment; sometimes called error theories
wear and tear theory
Term
Survival Curves
Definition
curves plotted on graphs, showing percentages of a population that survive at each age level
Term
Hayflick limit
Definition
genetically controlled limit on the number of times a cell can divide in a species
Term
What causes the decrease in brain weight over age?
Definition
Shrinking neuron size in cerebral cortex and loss of axons, dendrites and synapses
Term
How much weight does the average brain lose by 90?
Definition
10%
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