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| scientific study of behavior and mental processes |
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| edward Tichner used introspection goal was to describe precise mental processes |
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| how mental processes help us to function |
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| sensation and perception create a whole pattern that is greater than the sum of the parts |
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| the unconcious plays a big role in controlling day-to-day behaviors |
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| psychology should focus on concepts that could be studied scientifically- only type of ovservable behavior |
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| 7 major fields of psychology |
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1 psychodynamic
2 behaviorism
3humanistic perspective
4 biopsychology
5 cognitive perspective
5b cognitive neuroscience
6 sociocultural perspective
7 evolutionary psychology |
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| psychodynamic perspective |
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| focuses on the role of the unconcious |
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| attempts to study phsychology by focusing on observable actions and events |
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| human potential and free will |
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| focuses on the biology underlying our behavior and thoughts |
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| focuses on the thoughts (cognitions) themselves |
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| cognitive perspective that focuses on the physical changes in the brain that occur when we think, remember, or engage, in other mental processes |
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| sociocultural perspective |
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| explores roles of social and cultural factors on our behaviors and thoughts |
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| attempts to explain behavior and thoughts in therms of their adaptive or "survival" qualities |
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| medical degree- can prescribe medication |
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| PhD, EdD, Psy. D- research to counseling to business consulting |
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| psychiatrists or psychologist who received special training on Freud's psychoanalysis |
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| psychiatric social worker |
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| Master of Social Work degree (MSW) provides counseling to patients or research |
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phsychology fallows this to reduce bias
1 hypothesis
2 testing
3 drawing a conclusion
4 reporting |
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| a statement about what you believe the actual answer is |
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| other researchers conduct study and draw the same conclusion |
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| provides a realistic picture of behavior |
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| subjects act differently when they know they are being watched |
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| researcher only sees what he or she wants to see |
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| researcher desguises as a participant to reduce observer effect |
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| detailed investigation of one individual, or case, and provides a great deal of information about that thing |
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| researchers ask a group of subjects a series of questions |
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| good representative of entire pop. |
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| method to find relationship between two variables |
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| tells the researcher the direction and strength of the relationship |
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| researcher manipulates a variable and measures some response from the participants |
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| response from manipulated variable |
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| a set of instructions that explains exactly how to measure a variable |
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| subject to the experience |
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| observed to see what happens w/o experiment |
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| participants expectations actually influences the results of the experiment |
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| group doesn't know who is control and who is experiment |
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| neither researcher nor group knows who is control and who is experiment |
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-most truths need to be tests
-all evidence is not equal
- authorities are not always right
-an open mind is important |
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