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Psych Final Abnormal Psychology
Abnormal Psychology
60
Psychology
Undergraduate 1
05/06/2012

Additional Psychology Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term

 

 

3 Models of Mental Disorders

Definition

 

Medical-looked at as an illness

 

Behavioral-looked at as maladaptive learning

 

Sociocultural-looked at as sympotoms of cultural psychopathology

Term

 

 

Predisposing

Definition

 

-cause of mental disorder

 

-trait that you have that predisposes you on the onset of a mental disorder

(genetics)

 

environmental stressor ----->mental disorterd

Term

 

 

Precipitating

Definition

 

-cause of mental disorder

 

trigger

(high stressor-->mental disorder)

Term

 

 

Maintaining

Definition

 

-cuase of mental disorder

 

-disorder has begun (no treatment or treatment failed)

-antipsychotic drugs-unplesant side effects

-unhealthy environments

Term

 

 

Diagnostic and Statistic Manual IV

(DSM - IV)

Definition

 

-diagnostic-manal to help people diagnose mental disorders (everyone on same page)

 

-symptomology (NOT UNDERLYING cause)

-->clearly visual symptoms

 

-statistical- epidemiology 

Term

 

 

epidemiology

Definition

 

 

-study of the prevalence of

-who has it

-how many people

-demographics

-funding agencies

Term

 

 

Specific Diagnositc Criteria

Definition

1. Essential features of the disorder (define disorder)

 

2. Associated features of the disorder

 

3. Diagnostic Criteria

 

4. Information on differenctial diagnosis

*No one symptom leads to disorder*

Term

 

 

DSM-IV: Five Diagnostic Axes

Definition

 

1. clinical syndrome : mental disorder -->primary diagnosis

2. personality disorders or mental retardation

3. general medical disorders

4. psychosocial and environmental problems

5. global assessment of functioning (referral agent)

Term

 

 

Neurosis

Definition

 

 

-mental disorder characterized by high levels of anxiety treated psychologically

Term

 

 

psychosis

Definition

 

 

-mental disorder characterized by break w/reality

Term

 

 

Medical student syndrome

Definition

 

 

-constantly reading about disorders and illnesses then believe you have them

Term

 

 

3 components of anxiety disorder

Definition

 

1- subjective reports (someone tells a clinician)

2-behaviorial responses (teeth clenching, nail biting, fidgeting)

3-physiological responses (dry mouth, heart racing, digestive disorder, fight or flight(

Term

 

 

3 general patters of anxiety disorders

Definition

 

1-panic disorder and generalized anxiety disorder

(not one focus-anxious about a lot)

 

2-Phobias (focused)

 

3-OCD (rituals to feel safe)

Term

 

 

Panic Disorder

(8 traits)

 

Definition

(anxiety disorder)

1-panic attack

2-intervening periods

3-derealization

4-depersonalization

5-ER

6-Inescapable doom

7-agoraphobia

8-caffeine

Term

 

 

panic attack

Definition

 

 

-huge sympathetic response

not tied to anything

Term

 

 

intervening periods

Definition

 

 

-worrying that you will have an attack

Term

 

 

derealization

Definition

 

 

-situation is not real

(dreaming)

Term

 

 

 

Depersonalization

Definition

 

 

-feel outside of one's self

Term

 

 

 

ER (panic attack)

Definition

 

-diagnosed there

-people think theyre having a heart attack

Term

 

 

inescapable doom

Definition

 

 

-cant get away

Term

 

 

agoraphobia

Definition

 

 

-fear of public places; open places

 

*associated disorder*

Term

 

 

Generalized Anxiety Disorder

Definition

 

 

-chronic state of diffuse anxiety

-restlessness

-irretability

-insomnia

-resting state of panic disorder

Term

 

 

Phobias 

 

Definition

-anxiety disorder

 

-intense irrational fear of object or situation

-simple (specific)-spiders, snakes, heights

-social-debilitating

-->more realistic than other phobias

-more impairng that simple phobias

(public speaking, eating in public, public restrooms)

Term

 

 

OCD

Definition

(anxiety disorder)

-obsessiong : reoccurring thought

-compulsion: reoccuring behavior

(can't stop yourself, rituals)

 

-often follows stressful event

 

-antidepressant drugs treat OCD 

Term

 

 

Trichotillomania

Definition

 

 

-OCD

-pull your own hair out

Term

 

 

Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD)

Definition

 

-severe rxn to tramatic events

-flashbacks: enviro cues sends person back into situation (reexperience the trauma)

 

Term

 

 

Factors influencing PTSD intensity

Definition

 

-how well they were coping before

-how close to the events were they

-was there a profound  loss

Term

 

 

Unipolar Depression

Definition

(maor depressive)

1. depressed mood

2. loss of pleasure/ interest in activities (anhedionia)

3. disturbance of appetite (profound depression; moderately depressed-eat more)

4. sleep disturbance (prodound; moderately depressed-iinsomnia)

5. psychomotor retardation or agitation

6. loss of energy

7. feelings of worthlessness or hoplessness

8. difficulties in thinking (cognitive deficit)

Term

 

 

Bipolar disorder

Definition

(manic phase)

1. Elevated or irritable mood

2. inflated self esteem

3. sleeplessness

4. talkativenss

5. flight of ideas (cant filter out info)

6. distractibility

7. hyperactivity

8. fearless behavior (promiscuity, shopping sprees)

Term

 

 

Dysthymia

Definition

 

 

milder unipolar

Term

 

 

cyclothymia

Definition

 

 

milder bipolar

Term

 

 

unipolar vs bipolar

main differences

 

 

Definition

unipolar

-usually women

-low self esteem

-more social report (recovered faster)

-enviro influences

 

bipolar

-no gender differences

- genetic influence

-social support doesnt matter

Term

 

 

Seasonal Affective Disorder

(SAD)

Definition

 

-Lack of sunlight/pineal gland

-winter problem

-pineal galnd

light-serotonin

dark-melatonin

Term

 

 

Types of Somatoform Disorder

Definition

 

 

Body Dismorphic Disorder

hypochondrias

somatization disorder

conversion disorder

Term

 

 

body dismorphic disorder

Definition

 

 

-dissatisfaction w/the way you look

-plastic surgery

-newly classified

-associated w/social phobia and depression

-comorbidity

Term

 

 

cormorbidity

Definition

 

 

-2 pathologies that occur together

(body dismorphic disorder)

Term

 

 

Hypochrondrias

Definition

 

-extreme fear of disease; irrational

-pathological conviction that they are going to get sick

-not "faking"symptoms

-associated w/anxiety and depression

-different from OCD fears of contamination

-over protective mothers-->often have had faily members w/serious illness

Term

 

 

Somatization Disorder

Definition

 

-more vague than hypochondriasis

-numerous recurrent physical complaints

-begins by age 30

-compliants not explained by medical treatment

-symptoms-->at least 4 pains

-2 gastrointestinal

1-sexual

1-mimicking neurological problem

Term

 

 

Conversion Disorder

Definition

 

-hysteria

-convert psychological trauma into physical symptoms

-affect voluntary motor or sensory functioning and is suggestive of a neurological or other medical condition

-not intentially produced (feigned)

-cannot be fully explained

Term

 

 

Dissociative amnesia

 

Definition

 

-repressing stressful or traumatic information

Term

 

 

dissociative fugue

Definition

 

 

-travelling amnesia (informal)

having dissociative amnesia and leave a place they live to go somewhere else

-rare, adaptive

Term

 

 

dissociative Identitiy Disoder

Definition

(mult personality)

alternating-not aware of other personality; alternate btwn the 2

multiple-one central personality; more than 3 all subordinated aware of central

-usually oppsite geder; child; agressive

-radial abuse in early childhood

-controversially diagnosed

Term

 

 

Schizophrenia

Definition

(split mind)

 

-split mind between emotion and tough

sympotoms:

-hallucinations

-dellusions

-thought and disorders

-negative symptoms

Term

 

 

3 types of dellusions

Definition

(erroneous deceptions)

 

reference-people down the halla re laughing at you

grandeur-think youre a historical figure

persecution-think people are out to get you

Term

 

 

thought and disorders

 

Definition

 

-loose associations

-keep changing the subject

-clanging-rhyme last word in sentence

-echolid-repeat sound of something in enviro

Term

 

 

Schizophrenia subtypes

 

Definition

 

-paranoid

-catatonic

-disorganized

-redisual

Term

 

 

catatonic schizophrenia

Definition

 

 

-doesnt move around or respond

dopaine and the reward pathway

-waxy flexibility-->move something into a position

 

catatonic rigidity-->tense muscles

Term

 

 

residual schizophrenia

Definition

 

 

-schizo symptoms clear and they become normal

Term

 

 

PErsonality disorder

Definition

 

-enduring pattern of experience and behavior

-deviates from exprectations of culture

-pervasive and inflexible

-onset adolescence or early adulthood

-leads to distress or impairment

Term

 

10 types of Personality Disorders

Definition

("passband OH"

1. paranoid

2. avoidant

3. schizotypal

4. schizoid

5. borderline

6. antisocial

7. narcissistic

8. dependenct

9. obsessive compulsive

10. histionic

Term

 

 

paranoid

Definition

 

 

-people out to get you

-isolation

Term

 

 

schizotypal

 

Definition

 

 

-subtly diff from schizophrenia

Term

 

 

schizoid

Definition

 

 

blunted emotions

-emotional coldness

Term

 

 

avoidant

Definition

 

 

-avoids social interactions b/c fear of rejections

Term

 

 

dependent

Definition

 

 

-clings to people

Term

 

 

borderline

Definition

 

 

-combo of dependent and paranoid

-need to be w/people but not trust them

Term

 

 

histronic

Definition

 

 

-overdramatizes things

-wants attention

Term

 

 

Narcissistic

Definition

 

 

-seems egosistical and in love w/themselves

but has an inner insecurity; abusive to others

Term

 

 

obsessive compulsive

 

Definition

 

 

-very near and organized that it hinders their ability to function properly

Term

 

 

antisocial

Definition

 

 

-no conscience; starts as conduct order

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