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Psych Exam 2
Psych Exam 2
33
Psychology
Undergraduate 2
10/15/2012

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Term
Sampling frame
Definition
Physical representation of the population
Term
Random sampling
Definition
Equal chance of being chosen; chosen independently; all combos possible
Term
Sampling Error
Definition
The difference between a sample stat and a population parameter that's just due to chance. As n increases the sampling error decreases.
Term
Sampling Distribution
Definition
normal curve because 0
Term
Central Limit Theorem
Definition
The sampling distribution of means will have a mean equal to mu and a standard error equal to sd/sq rt of n. Normal distribution.
Term
Confidence Intervals
Definition
We know how much confidence we can place in our estimate and are trying to guess that the mean of the population is within our interval
Term
level of confidence vs level of precision
Definition
As one increases the other decreases
Term
The relationship between a level of confidence, a standard error, and the
interval (centered on x-bar) that probably contains μ
Definition
Term
T-distribution
Definition
We use the t-table when the standard deviation (o) is unknown.
Term
Degrees of freedom
Definition
n-1
Term
What makes a t-curve different from a normal curve?
Definition
It uses degrees of freedom
Term
What is the relationship between confidence and significance?
Definition
Term
Margin of Error
Definition
Indirect statement of the width of the confidence interval. plus and minus a number.
Term
null hypothesis
Definition
The hypothesis that is tested
Term
alternative hypothesis
Definition
a hypothesis that stands in opposition if there is a significant difference among three or more groups of samples.
Term
alpha level
Definition
Probability of making a type I error
Term
extreme score
Definition
A score that has a low probability of occurrence.
Term
region of rejection/critical region
Definition
The test stat (Z) is equal to or falls below the critical value, which in turn allows us to reject the null hypothesis.
Term
test ratio
Definition
Number of standard errors away from the mean in the sample. Beginning of the rejection region
Term
statistical significance
Definition
compare the critical value to the null hypothesis to determine is something is statistically significant
Term
Type I error
Definition
The rejection of the null when it is true. Alpha marks the probabilitity of making a type I error
Term
Paired sample
Definition
Sample that involves cases or subjects that share certain characteristics in common.
Term
Difference score
Definition
The difference between two population means (mu).
Term
D bar
Definition
the mean of the differences between two population means
Term
mean of the null distribution in a related-sample design
Definition
zero!
Term
Independent samples
Definition
The selection of cases/subjects included in one sample has no connection to or influence on the selection of cases/subjects in the other sample
Term
Statistic for analysis in n=1 design
Definition
x
Term
Statistic for analysis with mu known and a single x bar
Definition
Term
Statistic for analysis in a related-samples design
Definition
D bar
Term
Statistic for analysis in an independent-samples design
Definition
Term
what is the mu of the null distribution of an independent samples design
Definition
Term
Standard error of the sampling distribution in an independent samples design
Definition
that big formula on the formula sheet
Term
mean difference vs difference of means
Definition
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