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Definition
| the desire to establish and maintain many rewarding interpersonal relationships |
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Definition
| a feeling of deprivation about existing social relations |
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Definition
| the phenomenon whereby the more often people are exposed to a stimulus, the more positively they evaluate that stimulus |
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Definition
| the proposition that people are attracted to others who are similar in physical attractiveness |
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Definition
| a mutual exchange between what we give and recieve (eg: liking those who like us) |
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Definition
| the tendency to prefer people who are highly selective in their social choices over those who are more readily available |
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Term
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Definition
| a close relationship between two adults involving emotional attachment, fulfillment of psychological needs, or interdependence |
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Definition
| a perspective that views people as motivated to maximize benefits and minimize costs in their relationships with others |
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Definition
| the theory that people are most satisfied with a relationship when the ratio between benefits and contributions is similar for both partners |
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Definition
| a relationship with strict reciprocity in their interactions |
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Definition
| relationship in which the participants expect and desire mutual responsiveness to each other's needs |
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Definition
| the way a person typically interacts with significant others |
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Term
| John Alan Lee: 3 primary love styles |
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Definition
| eros (erotic love), ludus (game-playing, uncomitted love), and storge (friendship love) |
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Term
| John Alan Lee: 3 secondary types of love |
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Definition
| mania (demanding and possessive love), pragma (logical love), agape (selfless, altruistic love) |
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Term
| triangular theory of love |
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Definition
| Sternberg's theory proposing that love has three basic components (intimacy, passion, and commitment) which can be combined to produce eight subtypes |
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Term
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Definition
| romantic love characterized by high arousal, intense attraction, and fear of rejection |
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Term
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Definition
| a secure, trusting, stable partnership |
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Term
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Definition
| the process whereby arousal caused by one stimulus is added to arousal from a second stimulus and the combined arousal is attributed to the second stimulus |
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Term
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Definition
| revelations about the self that a person makes to others |
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Term
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Definition
| preferential helping of genetic relatives, which results in the greater likelihood that genes held in common will survive |
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Term
| arousal: cost reward model |
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Definition
| the proposition that people react to emergency situations by acting in the most cost-effective way to reduce the arousal of shock and alarm |
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Term
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Definition
| motivated by the desire to improve another's welfare |
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Term
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Definition
| motivated by the desire to increase one's own welfare |
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Term
| empathy-altruism hypothesis |
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Definition
| the proposition that empathic concern for a person in need produces an altruistic motive for helping |
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Term
| negative state relief model |
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Definition
| the proposition that people help others in order to counteract their own feelings of sadness |
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Term
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Definition
| the effect whereby the presence of others inhibits helping |
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Term
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Definition
| the state in which people mistakenly belive that their own thoughts and feelings are different from those of others, even when everyone's behavior is the same |
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Term
| diffusion of responsibility |
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Definition
| the belief that others will or should take the responsibility for providing assistance to a person in need |
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Term
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Definition
| reluctance to help for fear of making a bad impression on observers |
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Term
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Definition
| the effect whereby a good mood increases helping behavior |
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Term
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Definition
| a general rule of conduct reflecting standards of social approval and disapproval |
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Term
| norm of social responsibility |
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Definition
| a moral standard emphasizing that people should help those who need assistance |
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Term
| threat-to-self-esteem model |
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Definition
| the theory that reactions to receiving assistance depend on whether help is perceived as supportive or threatening |
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Term
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Definition
| the sum total of an individuals beliefs about his or her own personal attributes |
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Term
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Definition
| a belief people hold about themselves that guides the processing of self-relevant information |
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Term
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Definition
| the process of predicting how one would feel in response to future emotional events |
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Term
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Definition
| the theory that when internal cues are difficult to interpret, people gain self-insight by observing their own behavior |
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Term
| facial feedback hypothesis |
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Definition
| the hypothsis that changes in facial expression can lead to corresponding changes in emotion |
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Term
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Definition
| the tendency for intrinsic motivation to diminish for activities that have bcome associated with reward or other extrinsic factors (eg: when someone is paid for doing something they already enjoy doing, they can lost interest) |
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Term
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Definition
| the theory that people evaluate their own abilities and opinions by comparing themselves to others |
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Term
| two-factory theory of emotion |
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Definition
| the theory that the experience of emotion is based on two factors: physiological arousal and a cognitive interpretation of that arousal |
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Term
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Definition
| an affective component of the self, consisting of a person's positive and negative self-evaluations |
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Term
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Definition
| the theory that humans cope with the fear of their own death by constructing worldviews that help to preserve their self-esteem |
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Term
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Definition
| the theory that self-focused attention leads people to notice self-discrepancies, thereby motivating either an escape from self-awareness or a change in behavior |
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Term
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Definition
| a nonconscious form of self-enhancement |
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Term
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Definition
| behaviors designed to sabotage one's own performance in order to provide a subsequent excuse for failure |
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Term
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Definition
| to increase self-esteem by associating with others who are successful |
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Term
| downward social comparison |
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Definition
| the defensive tendency to compare ourselves with others who are worse off than we are |
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Term
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Definition
| strategies people use to shape what others think of them |
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Term
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Definition
| the tendency to change behavior in response to the self presentation concerns of the situation |
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