Term
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Definition
| a psychological intervention designed to help people resolve emotional, behavioural, and interpersonal problems, and improve the quality of their lives |
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Definition
| person with no professional training who provides mental health services |
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Definition
| psychotherapies, including psychodynamic and humanistic-existential approaches, with the goal of expanding awareness or insight |
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Definition
| technique in which patients express themselves without censorship of any sort |
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Definition
| Attempts to avoid confrontation and anxiety associated with uncovering previously repressed thoughts, emotions and impulses |
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Definition
| Projecting intense, unrealistic feelings and expectations from the past onto the therapist |
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Definition
| to confront and resolve problems, conflicts, and ineffective coping responses in everyday life |
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Definition
| treatment that strengthens social skills and targets interpersonal problems, conflicts, and life transitions |
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| Humanistic-Existential Psychotherapy |
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Definition
| therapies that share an emphasis on the development of human potential and the belief that human nature is basically positive |
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| Phenomenological Approach |
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Definition
| perspective in which therapists encounter patients in terms of subjective phenomena (thoughts, feelings) in the present moment |
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Definition
| therapy centring on the patient's goals and ways of solving problems |
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Definition
| therapy that aims to integrate different and sometimes opposing aspects of personality into a unified sense of self |
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Definition
| interventions that recognize the importance of awareness, acceptance, and expression of feelings |
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Definition
| therapeutic approach that helps people find meaning in their lives |
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Definition
| therapists of focus on specific problem behaviours and on current variables that maintain problematic thoughts, feelings, and behaviours |
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Term
| Systematic Desensitization |
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Definition
| patients are taught to relax as they are gradually exposed to what they fear in a stepwise manner |
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Term
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Definition
| therapy that confronts patients with what they fear with the goal of reducing fear |
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Term
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Definition
| research procedure for examining the effectiveness of isolated components of a larger treatment |
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Definition
| technique in which therapists prevent patients from performing their typical avoidance behaviours |
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Definition
| Technique in which the therapist first models and problematic situation and then guides the patient thought the steps to cope with it un |
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Definition
| Technique in which the therapist first models and problematic situation and then guides the patient thought the steps to cope with it unassisted |
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Definition
| method in which desirable behaviours are rewarded with tokens that patients can exchange for tangible rewards |
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Term
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Definition
| treatment that uses punishment to decrease the frequency of undesirable behaviours |
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Term
| Cognitive-Behavioural therapy |
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Definition
| treatment that attempts to replace maladaptive or irrational cognitions with more adaptive, rational cognitions |
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Definition
| Therapy that treats more than one person at a time |
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Term
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Definition
| twelve-step, self helping program that provides social support for achieving sobriety |
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Term
| Abstinence Violation effect |
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Definition
| lapse in sobriety that can lead to continued drinking if people feel ashamed, guilty, or discouraged, when they lapse |
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Term
| Strategic family intervention |
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Definition
| family therapy approach designed to remove barriers to effective communication |
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Term
| Structural Family Therapy |
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Definition
| treatment in which therapists deeply incolve themselves in family activities to change how family members arrange and organize interactions |
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| Empirically supported therapies (ESTs) |
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Definition
| treatments for specific disorders supported by high-quality scientific evidence |
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Term
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Definition
| use of medications to treat psychological problems |
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Term
| Electroconvulsive Therapy (ECT) |
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Definition
| patients receive brief electrical pulses to the brain that produce a seizure to treat serious psychological problems |
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Term
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Definition
| brain surgery to treat psychological problems |
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