Term
| how many kids have autism |
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Definition
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Term
| how many pediatric patients per practice are autistic |
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Definition
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Term
| what prcent of docs have autistic patients, what percent routinly screen for autism |
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Definition
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Term
| what demographic has higher rates of autism |
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Definition
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Term
| how has the definition of autism recently changed |
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Definition
used to be autism, aspergers, pervasive developmental disorder NOS, downs, CHARGE syndrome (NOT RETT)
now combined into autism spectrum disorders and social communication disorder |
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Term
| what are the advances that have been made in autism prevention and tx in history |
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Definition
obligated ASD children to be provided with education and therapy in school
increased awareness, screening
requires sibling screening |
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Term
| 5 bullets that must be checked to fulfill the social communication / interaction deficiency of the autism diagnosis |
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Definition
problems reciprocating social or emotional interaction. Difficulty establishing or maintaining back and forth conversation. problem with shared attention or sharin of emotions and interests
severe problems maintaining relationships due to lack of interest, pretend play, age appropirate activities, and problems adjusting to social expectations
nonverbal communication problems: eye contact, posture, facial expression, tone of voice, gestures, inability to understand them
lack of general developmental delay |
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Term
| to be diagnosed with autism a child needs 2/4 criteria in restricted and repetitive behaviors, what are the 4 criteria |
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Definition
sterotyped or repetitive speech, motor movements, or use of objects
excessive adherance to routines, rituialized patterns of verbal or non-verbal behavior, excessive resistance to change
highly restricted interests that are abnormal in intensity or focus
hyper or hypo reactivity to sensory input or unusual interest in sensory aspects of the environment |
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Term
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Definition
genetic: 5-6% chance of inheritence, multiple genes with variable phenotypes
enivornmental modulators affect phenotypic expression
advanced maternal and paternal age
ASD gene
neurogenic syndromes with ASD |
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Term
| what are som environmental factors that can trigger ASD (4) |
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Definition
prenatal period: teratogens, infections
postnatal period: MMR, mercury |
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Term
| what percent of ASD is associated with a syndrome |
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Definition
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Term
| what syndromes are associated with ASD (5), which is the most common |
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Definition
fragile X - most common
neurocutaneous disorders
phenylketonuria
fetal alcohol syndrome
angleman syndrome |
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Term
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Definition
MR
macrocephaly
large penis and testicles
hypotonia
hyperextensibility |
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Term
| what is the percent of occurance of fragile X with ASD |
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Definition
3-4% of ASD have fragile X
30-50% of fragile X have ASD |
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Term
| 8 neurobiological changes that occur with ASD |
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Definition
less purkinje cells in cerebellum
abnormal limbic system, frontal lobe, termporal lobe
abnormal Groca's, midstem
30% macrocephaly
90% increased braiin volume |
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Term
| what is the typical clinical timeline of ASD |
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Definition
typically presents at 18mo
some can begin presenting since birth
others can wait up to 2 yo |
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Term
| 15 examples of impaired social interaction in autism |
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Definition
ignore eye contact
ignore company
unable to connect
cannot share
no joint attention
cant follow gaze (8mo)
cant follow point (12mo)
cant protoimperative point (12-14mo)
cant protodeclartive point (14-16mo)
selective hearing
social referencing deficit
no sense of personal space
no group play
no abstract thinking
no jokes |
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Term
| 7 examples of speech deficits in autism |
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Definition
scripted speech
echolalia (copy cat)
pop-up words (own language)
giant words (runs speech together)
regression of speech HALLMARK
reading without comprehension |
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Term
| what are 4 speech development red flags for autism |
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Definition
no babbling, pointing, gesturing 12 mo
no single words 16 mo
no 2 word phrases 24 mo
loss of language skills at any age |
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Term
| what are 8 behavorial signs of autism |
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Definition
no pretend play
rituialistic
enjoy handheld games, toys
able to memorize
unusual obsessions, compulsions, attachments
self-injrous behavior
inability to transition from one activity to another - causes tantrums |
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Term
| what are 4 sensory difference in autism |
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Definition
hyperacuis
hypo and hyper sensitivity
sensory motor play: prefers texture, food
mouthing/licking objects |
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Term
| what are 3 motor differences in autism |
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Definition
unusual motor sterotypes: hand flapping, finger movements, rocking, twriling
poor coordination/clumsiness
associated hypotonia |
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Term
| what is the AAP recomendation for screening kids for autism |
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Definition
screened at 9, 12, 24, and 30mo no matter what
standardized autism specific screen at 18mo and again at 24mo if there was refression |
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Term
| why can't we screen specifically for autism under 18 mo |
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Definition
| there is no screeniing tool |
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Term
| what is a level 1 autism screen |
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Definition
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Term
| what is a level 2 autism screen |
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Definition
| EIP, developmental clinics |
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Term
| what do you do if you suspect autism, why |
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Definition
refer now work up later
no speech by 5 yo means no speech ever
refer to PT, OT, speech therapy, developmental intervention
audiology evaluation
neurologist (esp if hypotonic)
genetisist (esp if FLK)
developmentalist |
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Term
| what lab tests should you get for autism |
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Definition
chromosomal analysis (fragile X testing)
FISH for subtelomere screen
EEG
MRI brain
metabolic studies |
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Term
| when re-categorzed who did social communication disorder pick up |
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Definition
people who dont quite fit into ASD
PPD-NOS previous diagnosis |
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Term
| signs of social communication disorder |
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Definition
social difficulty
pragmatic language deficit affecting comprehension and awareness
no delay in congnition or language |
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