Term
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Definition
| an individual's characeristic style of behaving, thinking, and feeling. |
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Term
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Definition
| a series of answers to a questionaire that asks people to indicate the extent to which sets of statements or adjectives accurately describe their own behavior or mental states |
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Term
| minnesota multiphasic personality inventory mmpi |
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Definition
| a well-researched clinical questionaire used to asses personality and psychological problems |
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Term
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Definition
| a standard series of ambiguous stimuli designed to elicit unique reponses that reveal inner aspects of an individual's personality |
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Term
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Definition
a projective personality test in which individual interpertations of the meaning of a se of unstructured inkblots are analyzed to identify a respondent's inner feelings and interpret his or her personality structure.
not reliable or valid |
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Term
| thematic apperception test (TAT) |
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Definition
a prospective personality test in which respondents reveal underlying motives, concerns, and the way they see the social world through the stores they make up about ambiguous pictures of people
not valid or reliable |
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Term
Drawbacks of MMPI?
good part-they don't need to be interperted |
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Definition
| people may respond in ways that put themselves in a flattering light, some people tend to always agree or disagree with the statement on the test, people are unaware of some of their personality characteristics and thus cannot answer accurately |
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Term
| rorschach test are losing popularity because |
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Definition
| there is little evidence that they have predictive value |
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Term
| problems with the projective techniques |
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Definition
they are not easy to administer and score, the method of scoring does not eliminate theoretical biases of the examiner, they are not the most reliable or valid of the personality test
TRUE: they are open to subjective interpertation by the examiner. |
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Term
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Definition
| a relatively stable dispositon to behave in a particular and consistant way |
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Term
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Definition
the traits of the fivve-factor model: conscientiousness, agreeableness, neuroticism, openness to experience, and extroversion.
they seem to show up in all cultures, (univeral), the test shows that peoples' personalities remain relatively stable throughout life |
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Term
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Definition
| an approach that regards personality as formed by needs, strivings, and desires, largely operating outside of awareness motives that can also produce emotional disorders |
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Term
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Definition
the part of the mind containing the drives present at birth: it is the source of our bodily needs, wants desires, impulses particularly our sexual agressive drives.
makes you wanna snatch food off of someone's plate to satisfy your hunger |
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Term
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Definition
the component of personality, developed through contact with the external world, that enables us to deal with life's practical demands
the ego helps you to resist the impulse to snatch others' food and also finds the resturant and pays the bills |
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Term
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Definition
the mental system that reflects the internalization of cultural rules, mainly learned as parents exercise their authority
conscience, pushing us when it finds we are doing or thinking something wrong and rewarding us for living up to ideal standards de |
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Term
| one of the first theorists to propose that personality consisted of a combination of trait and that these traits were preexisting dispositions of the individual was: |
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Definition
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Term
| which of the following is not one of the big five personality factors? |
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Definition
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Term
| probably the most compelling evidence for the importance of biological factors in personality is the marked similarity in personality of: |
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Definition
| identical twins reared apart |
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Term
| the idea that individual differences in levels of cortical arousal may underlie differences between extroverts and introverts was proposed by: |
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Definition
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Term
| repression decreased activation of the |
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Definition
| hippocampus- a region that is central to memory |
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Term
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Definition
unconscious coping mechanisms that reduce anxiety generated by threats from unacceptable impulses
ego employs these mechanisms |
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Term
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Definition
a defense mechanism that involves supplying a reasonable-sounding explanation for unacceptable feelings and behavior to conceal (mostly from oneself) one's underlying motives or feelings
drop a class after failing a exam might tell herself that she is quitting because poor ventilation in the classroom made it impossible to concentrate |
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Term
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Definition
a defense mechanism that involves unconsciously replacing threatening inner wishes and fantasies with an exaggerated version of their opposite
being nice to someone you dislike, finding yourself ver worried and protective about a person you have thoughts of hurting, or being cold or indifferent toward someone you are strongly attached to |
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Term
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Definition
a defense mechanism that involves attributing one's own threatening feelings, motives, or implses to another person or group
people who think they are overly rigid or dishonest may have a tendency to judge other people as having the same qualities |
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Term
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Definition
a defense mechanism in which the ego deals with internal conflict and percieved threat by reverting to an immature behavior or earlier stage of development
use of baby talk or whining in a child or adult who has already mastered appropriate speech or a return to thumb sucking, teddy bear cuddling, r watching cartoons in response to something distressing. |
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Term
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Definition
a defense mechanism that involves shifting unaccetable wishes or drives to a neutral or less threatening alternative
slammed a door, thrown a textbook across the room, yelled at your roomate or your cat when you were really angry at your boss |
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Term
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Definition
a defense mechanism that heps deal with feelings of threat and anxiety by enabling us unconsciously to take on the characteristics of another person who seems more powerful or better able to cope
a child whose parent bullies or severely punishes her may later take on the characteristics of that parent and begin bullying others |
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Term
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Definition
a defense mechanism that involves channeling unacceptable sexual or aggressive drives into socially acceptable and culturally enhancing activities
football and rugby and other contact sports may be construed as culturlaly sanctioned and valued activities that channel our aggressive drives. |
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Term
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Definition
| a defense mechanism that involves channeling unacceptable sexual or aggressive drives into socially acceptable and culturally enhancing activities |
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Term
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Definition
| distinct early life stages through which personality is formed as children experience sexual pleasures from specific body areas and caregivers redirect or interfere with those pleasures. |
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Term
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Definition
| a phenomenon in which a person's pleasure-seeking drives become psychologically stuck, or arrested, at a particular psychosexual stage |
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Term
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Definition
| the first psychosexual stage, in which experience centers o the pleasures and frustrations associated with the mouth, sucking, and being fed. |
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Term
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Definition
| the second psychosexual stage, which is dominated by the pleasures and frustrations associated with the anus, retention and expulsion of feces and urine, and toilet training. |
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Term
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Definition
| the third psychosexual stage during which experience is dominated by the pleasure, conflict, and frustration associated with the phallic-genital region as well as powerful incestuous feelings of love, hate, jealousy, and conflict |
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Term
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Definition
| a developmental experience in which a child's conflicting feelings toward the opposite sex parent is usually resolved by identifying with the same sex parent |
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Term
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Definition
| the fourth psychosexual stage, in which the primary focus is on the further development of intellectual, creative, interpersonal and athletic skills |
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Term
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Definition
| the final psychosexual stage, a time for the coming together of the mature adult personality with a capacity to love, work and relate to others in a mutually satisfying and reciprocal manner |
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Term
| which of freud's systems helps you to find a resturant and to resist to the temptation to snatch food off other people's plates? |
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Definition
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Term
| your professor singled yo out for criticism in class, which made you feel very angry. When you got home, you slammed the door and yelled at your roomate. Freud would say you are using which defense mechanism? |
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Definition
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Term
| your roomate has a ridgid personality and is preoccupied with possessions, money and issues of controlling others. according to freud, your roomate is fixated at the ___ stage. |
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Definition
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Term
| according to freud, psychological problems in adulthood are primarily a result of |
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Definition
| having unresolved conflicts during one or more stages of psychosexual development |
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Term
| self-actualizing tendency |
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Definition
| the human motive toward realizing our inner potential |
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Term
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Definition
| a school of thought that regards personality as governed by an individual's ongoing choices and decisions in the context of the realities of life and death |
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Term
|
Definition
| a school of thought that regards personality as governed by an individual's ongoing choices and decisions in the context of the realities of life and death |
|
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Term
| the view that personality is governed by an inherent striving toward self-actualization and the development of our unique potentials was purposed by: |
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Definition
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Term
| which approach regards personality as governed by an indvidual's choices in the context of the realities of life and death? |
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Definition
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Term
| according to rollo may and victor frankl, a major aspect of personality development involves |
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Definition
| questioning the meaning of life |
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Term
| social cognative approach |
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Definition
| an approach that views personality in terms of how the person thinks about the situations encountered in daily life and behaves in response to them |
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Term
| person-situation controversy |
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Definition
| the question of whether behavior is caused more by personality or by situational factors |
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Term
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Definition
dimensions people use in making sense of their experiences
people think of different things when they see a clown |
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Term
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Definition
| a person's assumptions about the likely consequences of a future behavior |
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Term
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Definition
a person's tendency to perceive the control of rewards as internal to the self or external in the environment
internal locus of control: have control of their own destiny
external locus control: outcomes are random determined by luck or controlled by other people |
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Term
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Definition
| a person's explicit knowledge of his or her own behaviors, traits, and other personal characteristics |
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Term
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Definition
| the extent to which an individual likes, values, and accepts the self |
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Term
| the psychologist who noted that personality traits often do a poor job of predicting an individual's behavior |
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Definition
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Term
| dimensions that peole use in making sense of their experiences |
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Definition
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Term
| tyler has been getting poor evaluations at work. he attributes this to having a mean boss who always assigns him the hardest job. according to julian rotter, tyler would be said to have: |
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Definition
| external locus of control |
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Term
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Definition
| the tendency to seek evidence to confirm the self-concept |
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Term
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Definition
| people's tendency to take credit for their successes but downplay responsibility for their failures |
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Term
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Definition
| a trait that reflects a gradlose view of the self combined with a tendency to seek admiration from and exploit others. |
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Term
| if you are like many college students, you attribute your good exam grades to your ability and effort, and attribut your bad exam grades to an unfair teacher or the extreme difficulty of a test this is known as: |
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Definition
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Term
| True/ false about self narratives and self concepts |
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Definition
true: both are aspects of the self-concept
false: the two are highly consistant with each other, when people develop amnesia, they lose their memory for both their past behaviors and their trait of self-concept, and self narratives are the assessments we make of our personality traits |
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Term
| True/ false theories that attempt to explain the benefits of high self esteem |
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Definition
true: it reflects high status, being accepted by others, a defense against the awareness of death
false: it reflects a narcissistic view of the self |
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Term
| William swann developed the concept known as: |
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Definition
|
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Term
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Definition
| the exercise of voluntary control over the self to bring the self into line with preferred standards |
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Term
| illusion of unique vunerability |
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Definition
| a systematic bias toward believing that htey are less likely to fall victim t the problem than are others |
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Term
| when sick, optimists are more likely than pessimists to |
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Definition
|
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Term
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Definition
| ehibiting a belief of control over their lives and environments |
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Term
| people are leaner in france than in the us one reason seems to be |
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Definition
| the activity level in france is much greater than in the us |
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Term
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Definition
| behavior whose purpose is to harm others |
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Term
| frustration-aggression principe |
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Definition
| a principle stating that people aggress when their goals are thwarted |
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Term
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Definition
| behavior by two or more individuals that leads to mutual benefit |
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Term
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Definition
| behavior that benefits another without benefiting oneself |
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Term
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Definition
| behavior that benefits another with the expectation that those benefits will be returned in the future |
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Term
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Definition
| a collection of two or more people who believe they have something in common |
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Term
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Definition
| a positive or negative evalutaion of another person based on his or her group membership |
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Term
|
Definition
| positive or negative behavior toward another person based on his or her group membership |
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Term
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Definition
| a phenomenon that occurs when immersion in a group causes people to become less aware of their individual values |
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Term
| diffusion of responsibility |
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Definition
| the tendency for individuals to feel diminished responsibility for their actions when they are surrounded by ohers who are acting the same way |
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Term
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Definition
| the tendency for a group's initial learning to get stronger over time |
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Term
| anterior cingulate cortex and right ventral prefrontal cortex are activated in pain and |
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Definition
| when being excluded from a group |
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Term
|
Definition
| the tendency for liking to increase with the frequency of exposure |
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Term
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Definition
| the hypothesis that people remain in relationships only as long as they percievea favorable ratio of costs to benefit ratio |
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Term
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Definition
| a state of affairs in which the cost=benefit ratios of two partners are roughly equal |
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Term
| the ceo of a major company defrauded shareholders and stole hundreds of millions of dollars. this ceo displayed what kind of behavior? |
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Definition
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Term
| the prisioner's dilemma game illustrates: |
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Definition
| the benefits and costs of cooperation |
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Term
| people in a mob situation are more likely to stray from their own moral values this is an example of |
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Definition
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Term
| isabel was voted the best looking girl in her high school graduating class. according to the text, isabel, compared to her peers, also is likely to |
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Definition
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Term
|
Definition
| the control of one person's behavior by another |
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Term
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Definition
| learning that occurs when one person observes another person being rewarded or punished |
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Term
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Definition
| a customary standarrd for behavior that is widely shared by members of a culture |
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Term
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Definition
| a phenomenon where by one person's behavior is influenced by another person's behavior because the latter provides information about what is appropriate |
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Term
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Definition
| the norm that people should benefit those who have benefitted them |
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Term
| door-in the face technique |
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Definition
| a strategy that uses reciprocating concessions to influence behavior |
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Term
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Definition
| to experience pleasure and avoid pain |
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Term
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Definition
| desire to be accepted and to avoid being rejected |
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Term
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Definition
| to believe what is true and to avoid believing false |
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Term
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Definition
| the tendency to do what others do simply because others are doing it |
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Term
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Definition
| the tendency to do what authorities tell us to do simply because they tell us to do it |
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Term
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Definition
| an enduring positive or negative evaluation of an object or event |
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Term
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Definition
| an enduring piece of knowledge about an object or event |
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Term
|
Definition
| a phenomenon whereby a person's behavio is influenced by another person's behavior because the latter provides information about what is good or true |
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Term
|
Definition
| a phenomenon that occurs when a person's attitudes or beliefs are influenced by a communication from another person |
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Term
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Definition
| a change in attitudes or beliefs that is bought about by appeals to reason |
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Term
|
Definition
| a change in attitudes or beliefs brought about by appeals to habit or emotion |
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Term
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Definition
| an unpleasant state that arises when a person recognizes the inconistency of his or her actions, attitudes, or beliefs. can be eliminated by changing ones beliefs or to add justification |
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Term
| yasmine took her cousin jade out to lunch, and picked up the tab, jade replies, thanks, my turn next time. it demonstrates |
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Definition
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Term
| andrea and jeff had to wait in like for over an hour to get into an exclusive restaurant. despite being served an mediocre meal, they glowingly praised the restaurant to their friends. this is |
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Definition
|
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Term
| the process by which people come to understand others |
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Definition
|
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Term
|
Definition
| the proess by which people draw inferences about others based on their knowledge of the categories to which others belong |
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Term
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Definition
| a phenomenon that occurs when observers percieve what they expect to percieve |
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Term
|
Definition
| a phenomenon whereby observers bring about what they expect to percieve |
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Term
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Definition
| the process of creating a modification to a stereotype, rather than abandoning it altogether, when confronted with evidence that clearly disconfirms that stereotype evidence |
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Term
|
Definition
| an inference about the cause of a person's behavior |
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Term
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Definition
| the tendency to make a dispositional attribution even when a person's behavior was caused by the situation |
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Term
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Definition
| the tendency to make situational attributions for our own behaviors while making dispositional attributions for the identical behavior of others |
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Term
| a common occupational stereotype is that lawyers are manipulative. most people who subscribe to this stereotyp |
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Definition
| believe that lawyers are more likely than others to have this characteristic |
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Term
| professor rogers, who believes that women are innately unsuited for science, is much more likely to notice the mistakes of his female lab assistants than his male lab assistants thsi is an example of |
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Definition
|
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Term
|
Definition
| if you belong to a group that is negatively stereotyped and are reminded of your group membership, you may become anxious and your preformance may suffer |
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Term
true/ false
mental illness is often not taken as seriously as physical illness |
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Definition
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Term
| 3 reasons why people may fail to get treatment for disorders |
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Definition
| people may: face obstacles to getting treatment, not know where to look for treatment, unaware that they have a problem |
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Term
| the most effective treatment for psychological disorders often is |
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Definition
| a combination of psychological and medication |
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Term
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Definition
| an ineraction between a therapist and someone suffering from a psychological problem, with the goal of providing support or relief from the problem |
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Term
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Definition
| treatment that draws on techniques from different forms of therapy, depending on the client and the problem |
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Term
| psychodynamic psychotherapies |
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Definition
| a general approach to treatment that explores childhood events and encourages individuals to develop insight into their psychologcal problems |
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Term
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Definition
| a reluctance to cooperate with treatment for fear of confronting unpleasant unconscious material |
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Term
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Definition
| an event that occurs in psychoanalysis when the analyst beins to assume major significance in the client's life and the client reacts to the analyst based on unconscious childhood fantasies |
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Term
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Definition
| a therapeutic approach that teaches clients to quesition the automatic beliefs, assumptions, and predictions that often lead to negative emotions and to replace negative thinking with more realistic and positive beliefs |
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Term
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Definition
| a form of cognitive terapy that teaches an individual to be fuly present in each moment: to be aware of his or her thoughts, feelings, and sensations;and to detect symptos before the become a problem |
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Term
| cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) |
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Definition
| a blend of cognitive and behavioral therapeutic strategies |
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Term
|
Definition
| an approach to therapy that assumes all individuals have a tendency toward growth and that this growth can be facilitated by acceptance and genuine reactions from the therapist |
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Term
|
Definition
| an existentialist approach to treatment with the goal of helping the client become aware of his or her thoughts, behaviors, experiences, and feelings and to 'own' or take responsibility for them |
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Term
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Definition
| therapy in which multiple participants (who often do not know one another at the onset) work on their individual problems in a group atmosphere |
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Term
| which type of psychotherapy emphasizes helping clients gain insight into their unconscious conflict? |
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Definition
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Term
| which type of therapy aims at challenging irrational thoughts? |
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Definition
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Term
| which type of therapy would likely work best to eliminate a person's fear of snakes? |
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Definition
|
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Term
| which type of therapy aims to help clients become aware of their thoughts, feelings, and behaviors in the present moment? |
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Definition
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Term
|
Definition
| the study of drug effects on psychological states and symptoms |
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Term
|
Definition
medications that are used to treat schizophrenia and related psychotic disorders
block dopamine receptors |
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Term
|
Definition
| that schizophrenia may be caused by excess dopamine in the synapse |
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Term
|
Definition
| work by blocking serotonin and dopamine to treat the for positive and negative symptoms of schizophrenia |
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Term
|
Definition
| condition of involuntary movements of the face, mouth and extremities a side effect of anipsychotic drugs |
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Term
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Definition
| drugs that help reduce a person's experience of fear or anxiety |
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Term
benzodiazepines
xanax, valium |
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Definition
anxiety medication tranquilizer that works by facilitating the action of the neurotransmitter GABA ((inhibitor)) calming-risk of developing a tolerance-withdrawl symptoms
side effects; drowsiness, -memory and coordination |
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Term
|
Definition
| reduce anxiety among ind who suffer from generalized anxiety disorder GAD, doesn't produce drowsiness or withdrawal symptoms |
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Term
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Definition
| antiseziure med that also is a remedy for anxiety. social anxiety and panic disorder |
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Term
|
Definition
class of drugs that help lift people's mood
for antidepressants and mood stabilizers |
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Term
| iproniazid is a monoamine oxidase inhibitor (MAOI) |
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Definition
antidepressant, prevents the enzyme MO from breaking down neurotransmitters such as norepinephrine, serotonin, dopamine
rarely perscribed- side effects dizziness, lost of sexual interest, interact with meds, beer, cheese, beans, meats, soy |
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Term
tricyclic antidepressants
Tofranil, Elavil |
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Definition
block reuptake of norepinephrine and serotonin, therefore increasing the amount of neurotransmitter in the synaptic space between neurons
side effect: dry mouth, constipation, difficulty urinating, blurred vision, racing heart |
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Term
selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors SSRI
Prozac, Paxil, Celexa |
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Definition
| block reuptake of serotonin=more more serotonin in the synapse. the great amount makes a better chance of recognizing and using this neurotransmitter in sending the desired signal |
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Term
|
Definition
serotonin and norehineprhine reuptake inhibitor
have fewer side effects than tricyclic antidepressants and MAOIs |
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Term
| antidepressants can't be used for: |
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Definition
| bipolar disorder. they are treated with lithium or valproate |
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Term
| electrocovulsive therapy ETC |
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Definition
a treatment that involves inducing a mid seizure by delivering an electrical shock to the brain
to treat depression maybe also for mania
side effect: effects short term memory temporality |
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Term
| transcranial magnetic stimulation TMS |
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Definition
| a treatment that involves placing a powerful pulsed magnet over a person's scalp, which alters neuronal activity in the brain used to treat depression, fewer side effects |
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Term
|
Definition
| surgical destruction of specific brain disorders such as OCD |
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Term
| medications called atypical antipsychotics |
|
Definition
| affect both the dopamine and serotonin systems, work as well as typical antipsychotics |
|
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Term
| what's true about benzodiazepines? |
|
Definition
| they are the most commonly used anti anxiety medications |
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Term
| among the most commonly used antidepressants today are |
|
Definition
| selective serotonin reuptake inhibiters |
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Term
| electoconvulsive therapy is primarily used to treat |
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Definition
|
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Term
|
Definition
| produces positive influences (it's a non specific treatment effect) an inert substance or procedure that has been applied with the expectation that a healing response will be produced |
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Term
|
Definition
| tendency of symptoms to return to their mean or average level |
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Term
| 3 kinds of illusions to treatment |
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Definition
| maybe you would have gotten better anyway, maybe the pill wasn't the active ingredient in your cure, or maybe after you're better you mistakenly remember being more ill than you really were |
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Term
| non specific treatment effects |
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Definition
| not related to the specific mechanisms by which treatment is supposed to be working ie. the doctor perscribing the medication might simply be a pleasant and hopeful individual who gives the client a sense that things will improve (warm relationship with the good doctor) knowing you are getting a treatment |
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Term
| a large percent of individuals with anxiety and depression and other emtional problems experience significant improvement from the |
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Definition
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Term
| 75% of the effects shown by antidepressant medications is attributed to |
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Definition
|
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Term
|
Definition
| you might think that youve improved because of a treatment when in fact youre simply misremembering-mistakenly believing tht your symptoms before the treatment were worse than they actually were "getting what you want by revising what you had" |
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Term
|
Definition
| evaluate whether a particular treatment works, often in relation to some other treatment or a control condition |
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Term
|
Definition
| designed to answer questions regaurding why a treatment works or under what circumstances a treatment works. ex test if the treatment is more effective for certain clients, target their invluence to make them more effective |
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Term
|
Definition
| overcome treatment illusions caused by natural improvement and reconstructive memory |
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Term
|
Definition
| a study in which both the patient and the researcher/therapist are uninformed about which treatment the patient is receiving |
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Term
| the psychotherapy client is better off than ___ of untreated individuals |
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Definition
|
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Term
|
Definition
| a disorder or symptom that occurs as a result of a medical or psychoterapeutic treatment itself |
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Term
| Joe attributes the lessening of his depression to the medication he took. But in fact, his improvement was the result of positive interactions with his pleasant, supportive therapist this is: |
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Definition
| nonspecific treatment effects |
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Term
| dr carolyn johnson is studying whether drug x is more effective in treating anxiety in women than in men. Her research is an example of: |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| what is true regarding treatments for psychological disorders? |
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Definition
| a disorder or symptom may occur as a result of the treatment itself |
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Term
|
Definition
| disorders reflecting abnormalities of the mind |
|
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Term
|
Definition
| develop some type of psychological disorder during their life |
|
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Term
|
Definition
| the conceptualization of psychological disorders as diseases that like biological diseases have symptoms, and causes and possible cures |
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Term
|
Definition
| the co occurence of two or more disorders in a single individual |
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Term
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Definition
| a model suggesting that a person may be predisposed for a mental disorder that remains unexpressed until triggered by a stress |
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Term
| the assumption that if a treatment is effective, it must address the cause of the problem |
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Definition
| the intervention causation fallacy |
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Term
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Definition
| the class of psychological disorder in which anxiety is the predominant feature |
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Term
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Definition
| OCD, generalized anxiety disorder, phobic disorders, panic disorder |
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Term
| generalized anxiety disorder |
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Definition
| a disorder characterized by chronic excessiv worry accompanied by three or more of the following symptoms: restlessness, fatigue, concentration problems, irritability, muscle tension, sleep disturbance. 5% of USA will suffer in their lifetime. more frequently in lower socioeconomic grops than in middle and upper income groups. Women 2X more common. respond to drugs that stimulate the neurotransmitter GABA |
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Definition
| disorders characterized by marked, persistent and excessive fear and avoidance of specific objects, activities, or situations |
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Term
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Definition
| a disorder that involves an irrational fear of a particular object or situation that markedly interferes with an individual's ability to function. 1 Animals, 2 nautral environments, 3 situations, 4 blood injections and injury 5 death and illness. women are more likely (-heights) 4 to 1 man. 11% of USA |
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Term
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Definition
| a disorder that involves an irrational fear of being publicly humiliated or embarrassed 11% of men and 15% of women, even higher rates for uneducated, have low incomes or both |
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Term
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Definition
| the idea that people are instinctively predisoposed toward certain fears |
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Term
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Definition
| a disorder characterized by the sudden occurence of multiple psychological and physiological symptoms that contribute to a feeling of stark terror. 8-12% of pop report having occasional panic attack. 3.5% have reoccurring unpredictable 2X more likely in women |
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Term
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Definition
| an extreme fear of venturing into public places 3 out of 7 people with panic disorder will have this |
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Term
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Definition
| a disorder in which repetitive, intrusive thoughts (obsessions) and ritualistic behaviors (compulsions) designed to fend off those thoughts interfere significantly with an individual's functioning. 2.5% of people will develop it in their lives. women tend to be more susceptible than men. biologically: perhaps a heightened neural activity in the caudate nucleus of the basal ganglia (brain area known to be involved in the of intentional actions) |
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Term
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Definition
| rarely are from one instance (being bitten by a snake), involved with abnormal serotonin and dopamine, overactive amygdala |
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Term
| katie experiences intense anxiety and distress whenever she interacts with unfamiliar people, she probably is suffering from; |
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Definition
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Term
| people develop phobias of certain objects, such as spiders and snakes, much more easily than stuffed animals or flowers. What theory is this? |
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Definition
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Term
| agoraphobia often develops in a person who suffers from |
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Definition
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Term
| symptoms of obsessive compulsive disorder can be relieved by medications that increase the activity of the neurotransmitter |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| a condition in which normal cognitive processes are severely disjointed and fragmented, creating significant disruptions in memory, awareness or personality that can vary in length from a matter of minutes to years. women-to-men 9-1 and .5-1% |
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Term
| dissociative identity disorder DID |
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Definition
| the presence within an individual of two or more distinct identities that at different times take control of the individual's behavior |
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Term
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Definition
| the sudden loss of memory for one's personal history, accompanied by an abrupt departure from home and the assumption of a new identity |
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Term
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Definition
| the sudden loss of memory for significant personal information |
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Term
| pat was involved in a severe auto accident and is unable to recall the event pat is displaying |
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Definition
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Term
| alex woke up one morning in a motel. he could not recall his name or anything about his past life. alex was showing strong symptoms of |
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Definition
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Term
| which is an accurate statement about dissociative identity disorder? |
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Definition
| most patients with the disorder report a history of severe childhood abuse |
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Term
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Definition
| mental disorders that have mood disturbance as their predominant feature |
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Term
| major depressive disorder |
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Definition
| a disorder characterized by a severely depressed mood that lasts 2 weeks or more and is accompanied by feelings of wothlesness, and lack of pleasure, lathargy, and sleep and appetite disturbances. lifetime risk: 16% and increasing. durgs that increase levels of neurotransmitters norepinephrine and serotonin can sometimes reduce depression, brain abnormalities include deminished activity in the left prefrontal cortex and increased activity in the right prefrontal cortex |
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Term
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Definition
| a disorder that involves the same symptoms as in depression only less severe, but the symptoms last longer, persisting for at least 2 years. those with dysthymia are known to have double depression |
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Term
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Definition
| a moderately depressed mood that persists for at least 2 years and is punctuated by periods of major depression |
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Term
| seasonal affective disorder SAD |
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Definition
| depression that involves recurrent depressive episodes in a seasonal pattern. |
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Term
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Definition
| following birth due to changing hormone balance |
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Term
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Definition
| individuals who are prone to depression automatically attribute negative experiences to causes that are internal, stable and global |
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Term
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Definition
| an unstable emotional condition characterized by cycles of abnormal, persistent hight mood (mania) and low mood (depression). highest rate of heritibility, 1.3 % for both men and women. low levels of serotonin and norepinephrine may contribute. lithium usually helps stabilize |
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Term
| major depression is characterized by __ whereas bipolar disorder is characterized by __ |
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Definition
| depression only, alternating periods of mania and depression |
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Term
| the condition in which the same cognitive and bodily problems as in depression are present, but are less severe and last longer is called |
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Definition
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Term
| what is true about men and women and depression? |
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Definition
| women are 2x as likely as men to be diagnosed with depression |
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Term
| What is true regarding factors associated with mood disorders? |
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Definition
| close relatives of individuals with mood disorders have a heightened risk for developing mood disorders themselves, indicating that heredity plays a role |
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Term
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Definition
| a disorder characterized by the profound disruption of basic psychological processes, a distorted perception of reality, altered or blunted emotions, and disturbances in thought, motivation and behavior |
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Term
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Definition
| a patently false belief system often bizarre and grandiose, that is maintained in spite of its irrationality |
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Term
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Definition
| a false perceptual experience that has a compelling sense of being real despite the absence of external stimulation |
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Term
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Definition
| a severe disruption of verbal commuication in which ideas shift rapidly and incoherently from one to another |
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Term
| grossly disorganized behavior |
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Definition
| behavior that is inappropriate for the situation or ineffective in attaining goals, often with specific motor disturbances |
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Term
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Definition
| a marked decrease in all movement or increase in muscular rigidity and overactivity |
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Term
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Definition
| idea that schizophrenia involves an excess of dopamine activity |
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Term
| schizophrenia affects about __ % of the population, and it accounts for nearly __ % of addmissions to state and county mental hospitals |
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Definition
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Term
| amy believes that God is punishing her, and sees evidence of this punishment in everyday events such as the way objects are positioned in the sink and the programs that are playing on TV amy would most likley be diagnosed with ___ schizophrenia |
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Definition
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Term
| keith believes that he is Richard the Lionheart , who has been given the mission to lead a crusade against the heathens he is showing |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| disorder characterized by deeply ingained, inflexile patterns of thinking, feeling or relating to others or controlling impulses that cause distress or impaired functioning |
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Term
| anti social personality disorder |
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Definition
| a pervasive pattern of disregard for and violation of the rights of others that begins in childhood or early adolescence and continues through adulthood |
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Term
| nina has an inflated sense of self importance, is preoccupied with success fantacies and assumes that all others will recognize their superiority |
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Definition
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Term
| the common feature of personality disorders is |
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Definition
| a failure to take other people's perspectives, particularly on oneself |
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Term
| jim was diagnosed as having antisocial personality disorder based on the fact that he |
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Definition
| manipulative, impulsive, and shows little emotional empathy |
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Term
| brain activation in high pain vs low |
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Definition
| high: increased anterior cigulate cortex, somatosensory cortex and prefrontal cortex |
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Term
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Definition
| an interaction between mind and body that can produce illness |
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Term
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Definition
| the patient displays physical symptoms not fully explained by a general medical condition |
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Term
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Definition
| psychological disorder in which a person is preoccupied with minor symptoms and develops and exaggerated belief that the symptoms signify a life-threathening illness |
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Term
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Definition
| a socially recognized set of rights and obligations linked with illness |
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Term
| a person who is preoccupied with minor symptoms and believes they are signify a life-treathening illness is likely to be diagnosed with |
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Definition
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Term
| some people pretend they are sick to achieve something they want. this is called |
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Definition
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Term
| the sucessful health care provider |
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Definition
| is empathetic, treats physical and psychological state, must be time efficient because other patients are usually waiting. |
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