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Psych 275
BioPsych Chapter 8
23
Psychology
Undergraduate 2
03/09/2010

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Term
Sensiomotor System is Hierarchically Organized
Definition
-functional segregation
-sensorimotor system information mainly flows down
Term
Motor Output Guided by Sensory Input
Definition
-sensory feedback directs the responses
-mainly controlled unconsciously at lower levels
Term
Learning can change nature/locus of sensorimotor control
Definition
-muscle memories
Term
Posterior Parietal Association Cortex
Definition
integrates the different types of information
-knowin current body placement
-and knowing external objects in relation to oneself
Term
Apraxia
Definition
disorder of voluntary movement thats not attributable to simple motor deficit
ex.can make movements in context, but cannot make movements when requested to do so
Term
Contralateral Neglect
Definition
disturbance in ability to respond to stimuli on the side of the body opposite the side of the brain lesion
Term
Dorsolateral Prefontal Association Cortex
Definition
-role in evaluation of external stimuli
Term
Dorsolateral Prefontal Association Cortex
Definition
-role in evaluation of external stimuli
Term
Secondary Motor Cortex
Definition
-receives much input from association cortex and sends it to Primary
Term
Mirror Neurons
Definition
neurons that fire when individuals performs a particular goal-directed hand movement when he/she sees that same movement performed by another
Term
Primary Motor Cortex
Definition
not the only, but a point of departure for sensorimotor signals. Organized somatopically layer, to depict the motor homunculus
Term
Stereognosis
Definition
Process of identifying things by touch
Term
Lesions on Primary Motor Cortex
Definition
-astereognosia, deficit in stereognosia
Term
Cerebellum
Definition
-%10 of the brain mass, contains more than half its neurons
-damage to cerebellum is devastating
Term
Basal Ganglia
Definition
-not involved in a descending or ascending pathway, but part of a neural loop that receives info from various places
Term
Basal Ganglia
Definition
-not involved in a descending or ascending pathway, but part of a neural loop that receives info from various places
Term
Ventro-medial cortico-brainstem-spinal tract
Definition
1)tectum-receives auditory&visual info about spatial location
2)vestibular nucleus-info about balance from semicircular canals in ears
3)reticular formation-regulates complex movements, such as walking/jumping
4)motor nuclei-controls facial muscles
Term
Golgi tendon organs
Definition
embedded in the tendons which connect skeletal muscle to bone
-respond to increases in muscle tension
Term
Muscle Spindles
Definition
are embedded in muscle tissue itself, respond to changes in muscle length
Term
Patella Tendon Reflex
Definition
knee jerk reflex test, a "stretch reflex"
Term
Withdrawal Reflex
Definition
-not monosynaptic, involves one interneuron and takes place in 1.6 milliseconds
Term
Response Chunking hypothesis
Definition
practice combines sensorimotor programs. novice typist types each key, but a skilled typist has letters activated as grouped units.
-can be used for higher-order chunks
Term
Sensorimoter Learning
Definition
-brain is highly active in dorsolateral prefrontal cortex in learning a new task. but is inactive after it is well practiced
-also the cerebellum works far less hard after learning
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