Term
| what is moral development defined as? |
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Definition
| changes in a child's ability to distinguish right from wrong AND the ability to act on these thoughts |
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Term
| What are the three major components of morality? |
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Definition
| moral affect (emotional component), moral reasoning (thought process used for decisions), and moral behavior (behaving consistent with beliefs) |
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Term
| what are the two major theories of moral development? |
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Definition
1. evolutionary/biological
2. Piagetian cognitive development appraoch |
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Term
| What are the three stages of Piaget's theory of moral development |
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Definition
1. Premoral (3-4 years..sometimes 5)
2. Heteronomous (5-10 yrs)
3. Autonomous (10-11) |
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Term
| Name the three Levels of Kolbert's morality theory |
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Definition
1. Pre-conventional: rules are external to self: just know that you must follow them
2. Conventional: goal is to obey rules for approval, or because you're "supposed to"
3. Post-conventional: right/wrong based on broader, abstract terms (principles of justice) |
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Term
| List the six stages of Kolberg's morality theory |
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Definition
1. Punishment & obedience
2. Rewards: "It's wrong if I get caught"
3. Good boy/good girl: it's wrong when others disapprove
4. maintenance of a social order: "it's wrong because it's illegal"
5. Social contract: "It's wrong because the majority dictate it to be"
6. Individual but universal ethical principals: "It's wrong because it is detrimental to people" |
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Term
| What are some influences of moral development? |
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Definition
- IQ, level of education
- social development
- parenting styles, sibling behavior
- religion
- culture
- personality
- peers |
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Term
| What were the two dimensions of parental behavior as studied by Erikson? |
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Definition
Affection (warm/responsive vs. cold/hostile)
Control (permissive vs. restrictive) |
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Term
| What are Erikson's four types of parenting behaviors based on his two dimensions? |
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Definition
1. Affectionate (accepting, warm & responsive)
2. Unresponsive (rejecting, cold, hostile)
3. Controlling (restrictive)
4. Uncontrolling (permissive) |
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Term
| List Baumrind's four parenting styles, based on Erikson's two dimensions. |
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Definition
1. Autoritarian (controlling, low acceptance/responsiveness)
2. Authoritative (controlling, responsive, accepting)
3. Permissive (uncontrolling/uninvolved, warm/responsive)
4. Uninvolved (uncontrolling and unresponsive/unaccepting) |
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Term
| which parenting style is associated with the best child outcomes? |
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Definition
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Term
| list the 7 discipline techniques outlined in lecture |
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Definition
| distraction (redirection), time-out, logical (natural) consequences, shame, blame, coercion, parentectomy |
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Term
| List Hoffman's three discipline types |
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Definition
1. Love-Withdrawl: creates anxiety over parental loss of love
2. Power Assertion: use of power to control
3. Induction: use of reason <-- most effective method |
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Term
| name the 6 steps in the ladder model of violence |
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Definition
- negative family experience
- antisocial behavior
- early academic failure
- rejection by "normal" peers
- deviant peer group
- violence, deliquency, substance abuse |
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Term
| what are the three components of the triad of Belsky's Family Systems Model? |
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Definition
| marital relationship, parenting, infant development |
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