Term
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Definition
| pattern of repeated use that often results in tolerance, withdrawal, and compulsive drug-taking behavior |
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Term
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Definition
| less severe pattern of drug use that is characterized by an interference in the person's ability to fulfill social roles, recurrent use in dangerous situations, or repeated legal difficulties |
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Term
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Definition
| chemical substance that alters a person's mood, thinking, or behavior |
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Term
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Definition
characterized by the abuse of at least three different psychoactive drugs
- excludes caffeine & nicotine
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Term
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Definition
| compulsive substance use to control feelings |
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Term
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Definition
| nervous system becomes less sensitive to the effects of alcohol or other substance |
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Term
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Definition
| symptoms experienced when a person stops using a drug |
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Term
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Definition
| stimulate the actions of epinephrine, norepinephrine, dopamine, serotonin |
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Term
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Definition
| drugs similar to opium with active ingredients being morphine & codine, used to reduce pain |
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Term
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Definition
| durgs that depress activities of the central nervous system; mostly for sedation |
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Term
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Definition
group of drugs that have potent hypnotic, sedative, and anxiolytic action
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Term
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Definition
| drugs that produce hallucinations |
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Term
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Definition
| dried leaves and flowers of the cannabis plant that produce a sense of well-being and happiness |
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Term
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Definition
| dried resin from the top of the cannabis plant |
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Term
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Definition
| short chains of amino acids that are naturally synthesized in the brain and closely resemble morphine |
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Term
| High-Risk Research Design |
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Definition
| longitudinal study where participants are selected based on some identified risk factor |
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Term
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Definition
removal of a drug that a person has become dependent on
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Term
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Definition
more general emotional reaction that is out of proportion to threats from the environment
- low levels = adaptive
- high levels = pessism, negative self-evaluation
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Term
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Definition
| flight or fight response to a real, immediate danger |
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Term
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Definition
| relatively uncontrollable sequence of negative, emotional thoughts that are concerned with possible future threats/danger |
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Term
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Definition
sudden, overwhelming experience of terror or fright
- more focused, more intense, sudden onset
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Term
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Definition
| persistent, irrational, narrowly defined fears associated with an object or situation that leads to avoidance |
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Term
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Definition
| anxiety about being in a place/situation from which escape might be difficult/embarrassing or in which help may not be available in case of having a panic attack |
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Term
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Definition
| repetitive, unwanted, intrusive thoughts, images or impulses |
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Term
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Definition
| repetitive behaviors or mental acts used to reduce anxiety that the person considers as senseless or irrational |
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Term
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Definition
| persistent emotional disturbances, such as anxiety or depression, in which the person is aware of the nature of the problem |
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Term
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Definition
- recurrent, unexpected panic attacks
- one of which is followed by a period of at least one month in which the patient continues to have emotional problems related to the attack
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Term
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Definition
| similar to specific phobia, but performance or interactions in social situations are the focus of fear |
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Term
| Generalized Anxiety Disorder |
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Definition
| excessive anxiety/worry about a number of distinct events that is debilitating over a period of at least 6 months |
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Term
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Definition
notion organisms are biologically prepared to develop phobias to certain stimuli because of its evolutionary value
- CRs to fear-releant stimuli are more resistant to extinction
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Term
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Definition
| enduring patterns of thinking/behaving that defines a person and distinguish him/her from others |
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Term
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Definition
persistent, maladaptive patterns of experience/behavior that lead to problems/distress in social/occupational functioning and are
- inconsistent with expectations within one's culture
- inflexible/pervasive
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Term
| Paranoid Personality Disorder |
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Definition
characterized by tendency to be inappropriately suspicious of other people's motives/behaviors
- people take extraordinary precautions to avoid being exploited/injured
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Term
| Schizoid Personality Disorder |
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Definition
defined by a pattern of indifference to other people, coupled with a diminished range of emotional experience and expression
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Term
| Schizotypal Personality Disorder |
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Definition
peculiar patterns of behvaior that take the form of perceptual/cognitive disturbances or unusual speech patterns
- not out of touch with reality or psychotic
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Term
| Antisocial Personality Disorder |
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Definition
| pattern of irresponsible/antisocial behavior that is characterized by a disregard for/violation of others' rights |
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Term
| Borderline Personality Disorder |
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Definition
pattern of instability in mood & interpersonal relationships
- form intense, unstable relationshps
- rapid, inexplicable mood changes
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Term
| Histrionic Personality Disorder |
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Definition
| pattern of excessive emotionality and attention seeking behavior |
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Term
| Narcissistic Personality Disorder |
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Definition
| pattern of grandiosity, need for admiration, inability to empathize with other people |
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Term
| Avoidant Personality Disorder |
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Definition
pattern of social discomfort, fear of negative evaluation, timidity
- tend to be socially isolated, but want to be liked by others
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Term
| Dependent Personality Disorder |
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Definition
| pattern of submissive/clinging behavior and marked by feelings of anxiety or helplessness when alone |
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Term
| Obsessive-Compulsive Personality Disorder |
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Definition
pattern of orderliness, perfectionism, mental/interpersonal control
- set ambitious standards
- preoccupied with details/rules
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Term
| Cross-Cultural Psychology |
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Definition
| scientific study of ways that human behavior & mental processes are influenced by social/cultural factors |
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Term
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Definition
| another term for APD, includes features of disregard for the truth, lack of empathy, & inability to learn from experiences |
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Term
| Impulse Control Disorders |
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Definition
| characterized by failure to resist an impulse/temptation to perform some pleasureable or tension releasing act that is harmful to oneself or others |
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Term
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Definition
| stimulation, excitement or stupor produced by substance |
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Term
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Definition
| strong subjective desire to use substance |
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Term
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Definition
| substance is required for normal functioning |
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Term
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Definition
| compulsive substance use despite adverse consequences |
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Term
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Definition
| transitory psychological phenomena, often tied to context |
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Term
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Definition
| enduring psychological dispositions that remain stable across contexts |
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