Term
PSYCHOLOGY
The study of the mind.
Name FOUR goals |
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Definition
1. Description -- what is happening?
(a. observing, b. behavior, c. take notes)
2. Explanation -- WHY is it happening?
(forming theories for behaviors)
3. Prediction -- When will it happen again?
(using past examples to predict future behavior)
4. Control -- How can it be changed?
(changing a negative behavior for a positive one) |
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Term
History of Psychology
Name some forerunners |
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Definition
Sigmund Freud - psychoanalysis, dream therapy
Willhelm Wundt - "objective introspection"
Edward Titchener - "structuralism"
William James - "functionalism"
Max Wertheimer - "Gestalt" (cognitive psych)
John Watson - "behaviorism" (Little Albert)
Women of Psychology -- Washburn |
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Term
Perspectives (Paradigms)
Psychodynamic |
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Definition
Sigmund Freud
Focus on Unconscious Mind
Influence of Conscious Behavior
Emphasis on Development (childhood, etc)
Symbolism (dreams) |
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Term
Psychological Perspective 2.
Behavioral |
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Definition
John Watson
Little Albert Experiment
B F Skinner
Behavioral responses that are followed by pleasurable consequences are strenthened "re-enforced" |
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Term
Psych Perspective
Humanistic |
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Definition
Abraham Maslow and Carl Rogers
Emphasized human potential - the ability of each person to become their best self
"self- actualization"
focused on free will, a response to psychoanalysis |
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Term
Psych Perspective
Biophysical |
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Definition
Allows human behavior to be considered as a direct result of events in the body. |
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Term
Psych Perspective
Cognitive |
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Definition
Focuses on
Memory
Perception
Thought Processes
Learning
Language
Therapy : "reframing" |
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Term
Psych Perspectives
Sociocultural |
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Definition
Combines Social and Cultural Psychology
"mob mentality"
work systems? |
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Term
Psych Perspectives
Evolutionary |
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Definition
Focuses on biological basis for universal mental characteristics
"human" instincts |
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Term
| What is the reason that there are subfeilds in Psychology. |
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Definition
It is because people could look at the same thing and see something different.
Example.
The glass is half full.
The glass is half empty. |
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Term
What is the difference between
theory and hypothesis |
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Definition
Theories
Broad explanations and
predictions concerning phenomena
of interest.
Hypothesis
A prediction, stemming
from a theory, stated in a way that
allows it to be tested.
The difference is that theory states a idea, but Hypothesis conferms it.
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Term
| To test a theory one needs two groups, what are they? |
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Definition
A control group
Which is a group that is does not change.
and
A expiremental group
Which is a group that is changed.
finnally compairing the groups for defferances is how theories are comfermed or proven fails. |
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Term
| What are the research methods that psychologists use? |
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Definition
1) Archival Research
2) Naturalistic Observation
3) Survey Research
4) Case Study
5) Correlational Research
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