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Definition
| a therapy (drug therapy, electroconvulsive therapy, or psychosurgery) that is based on the assumption that psychological disorders are symptoms of underlying physical problems |
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Definition
| drugs used to control severe psychotic symptoms, such as delusions, hallucinations, disorganized speech, and disorganized behavior, by inhibiting dopamine activity; also known as neuroleptics |
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Definition
| drugs that act as mood elevators for severely depressed people and are also prescribed to treat some anxiety disorder |
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Definition
| a drug used to treat bipolar disorder, which at proper maintenance dosage reduces both manic and depressive episodes |
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Term
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Definition
| any type of approach that uses psychological rather than biological means to treat psychological disorders |
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Term
| electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) |
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Definition
| a biological therapy in which an electric current is passed through the right hemisphere of the brain; usually reserved for severely depressed patients who are suicidal |
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Definition
| psychotherapies that attempt to uncover repressed childhood experiences that are thought to explain a patient's current difficulties |
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Definition
| a psycholoanalytic technique used to explore the unconscious by having patients reveal whatever thoughts, feelings, or images come to mind |
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Definition
| an emotional reaction that occurs during psychoanalysis, in which the patient displays feelings and attitudes toward the analyst that were present in another significant relationship |
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Term
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Definition
| any type of approach that uses psychological rather than biological means to treat psychological disorders |
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Term
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Definition
| approaches to psychotherapy based on the notion that psychological well-being dependson self-understanding |
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Term
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Definition
| a treatment approach that is based on the idea that abnormal behavior is learned and that applies the principles of operant conditioning, classical conditioning, and/or observational learning to eliminate inappropriate or maladaptive behaviors and replace them with more adaptive reponses |
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Term
| exposure and response prevention |
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Definition
| a behavior therapy that exposes patients with obsessive-compulsive disorders to stimuli that trigger obsessions and compulsive rituals, while patients resist performing the compulsive rituals for progressively longer periods of time |
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Term
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Definition
| a behavior therapy based on classical conditioning and used to treat phobias by exposing clients to the feared object or events (or asking them to imagine it vivdly) for an extended period, until their anxity decreases |
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Term
| systematic desensitization |
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Definition
| a behavior therapy that is based on classical conditioning and used to treat fears by training clients in deep muscle relaxation and then having them confront a graduated series of anxiety-producing situations (real or imagined) until they can remain relaxed while confronting even the most feared situation |
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Term
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Definition
| a behavior therapy in which an aversive stimulus is paired with a harmful or socially undesirable behavior becomes associated with pain or discomfort |
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Definition
| therapies that assume maladaptive behavior can result from irrational thoughts, beliefs, and ideas |
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Definition
| a therapy designed by Aaron Beck to help patients stop their negative thoughts as they occur and replace them with more objective thoughts |
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Term
| rational emotive behavior therapy |
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Definition
| a directive form of psychotherapy, developed by Albert Ellis and designed to challenge clients' irrational beliefs about themselves and others |
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Term
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Definition
| therapy involving an entire family, with the goal of helping family members reach agreements on changes that will help heal the family unit, improve communication problems, and create more understanding and harmony within the group |
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Term
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Definition
| a form of therapy in which several clients (usually 7 to 10) meet regularly with one or more therapists to resolve personal problems |
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Definition
| psychotherapies that assume that people have the ability and freedom to lead rational lives and make rational choices |
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Term
| person-centered person therapy |
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Definition
| a non-directive, humanistic therapy developed by Carl Rogers, in which the therapist creates an accepting climate and shows empathy, freeing clients to be themselves and releasing their natural tendency toward self-actualization |
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Term
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Definition
| any type of psychotherapy in which the therapist allows the direction of the therapy sessions to be controlled by the clients; an example is person-centered therapy |
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Term
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Definition
| any type of psychotherapy in which the therapist takes an active role in determining the course of therapy sessions and provides answers and suggestions to the patient; an example of Gestalt therapy |
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