Term
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Definition
| treatment in which a trained professional - a therapist - uses psychological techniques to help a person overcome psychological difficulties and disorders. |
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Term
Psychodynamic Approach
(defense mechanisms) |
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Definition
| based on Freud's psychoanalytic approach to personality, which holds that individuals employ "defense mechanisms" |
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Term
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Definition
| the most common defense mechanism, pushes things into the unconscious. |
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Term
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Definition
| Seek to bring unresolved past conflicts and unacceptable impulses from the unconscious to the conscious. |
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Term
Psychodynamic Apparoach
(Neurotic Symptoms) |
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Definition
Abnormal behavior caused by the anxiety brought upon by conflicts and impulses that are never completely buried. |
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Term
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Definition
| Freud. psychotherapy in which the goal is to release hidden unconscious thoughts and feelings in order to reduce their power in controlling behavior. |
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Term
Free Association
(Psychoanalysis) |
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Definition
| a technique that requires patients to say the 1st thing that comes to mind, and attempt to recognize and label a connection b/w the patients unconscious. |
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Term
Dream Interpretation
(Psychoanalysis) |
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Definition
| Examining dreams to find clues to unconscious conflicts and problems. |
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Term
Transference
(Psychoanalysis) |
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Definition
| the transfer to a psychoanalyst feelings of love or anger that had been originally directed to a patient's parents or other authority figures |
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Term
| Contemporary Psychodynamic Approaches |
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Definition
| shorter in time & less emphasis on patient's history and childhood |
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Term
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Definition
| assume abnormal behavior is learned. |
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Term
Classical Conditioning Treatments
(Behavioral Approaches) |
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Definition
aversive
systematic desnsitization
exposure treatments |
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Term
Aversive Conditioning
(Classical Conditioning) |
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Definition
| form of therapy that reduces the frequency of undesired behavior by pairing an aversive, unpleasant stimulant with undesired behavior. |
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Term
Systematic Desensitization
(Classical Conditioning) |
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Definition
| gradual exposure to an anxiety-producing stimulus is paired with relaxation to extinguish the response of anxiety. |
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Term
Exposure Treatments
(Classical Conditioning) |
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Definition
| behavioral treatment for anxiety in which people are confronted, either suddenly or gradually, with a stimulus that they fear. |
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Term
| Operant Conditioning Techniques |
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Definition
token system
contingency contracting
observational learning |
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Term
Token System
(Operant Conditioning) |
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Definition
| rewards a person for desired behavior with a token. |
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Term
Contingency Contracting
(Operant Conditioning) |
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Definition
| a written agreement that states a series of goals. |
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Term
Observational Learning
(Operant Conditioning) |
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Definition
| behavior of other people is modeled, to systematically teach people new skills and ways of handling their fears and anxieties. |
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Term
| Dialectical Behavior Therapy |
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Definition
| focuses on accepting one's self and teaches behavioral skills |
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Term
| Cognitive Therapy Approach |
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Definition
used to change the way people think as well as their behavior.
highly structured and focused on concrete problems. |
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Term
| Rational-Emotive Behavior Therapy |
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Definition
Albert Ellis
restructures a person's belief system into a more realisitic, rational, and logical set of views. |
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Term
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Definition
Aaron Beck
Less confrontational and has cognitive appraisal |
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Term
| The 2 main categories of therapy are: |
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Definition
| psychological and biomedical |
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Term
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Definition
| Activating condition- belief system - Emotional consequences |
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Term
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Definition
| the scientific study of how people's thoughts, feelings, and actions are affected by others. |
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Term
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Definition
| process of changing attitudes |
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Term
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Definition
| Evaluations of a particular person, behavior, belief, or concept. |
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Term
| Factors that affect attitude change: |
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Definition
message source
characteristics of the message
characteristics of the target |
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Term
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Definition
central route processing
peripheral route processing |
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Term
| Central route processing: |
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Definition
| occurs when the recipient thoughtfully considers the issues and arguments involved in persuasion. |
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Term
| Peripheral route processing |
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Definition
| occurs when people are persuades on the basis of factors unrelated to the nature or quality of the content of persuasive message |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| explains how we make decisions about someone's behavior |
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Term
| Situational causes (of behavior) |
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Definition
| perceived causes of behavior that're based on enviornmental factors. |
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Term
| Dispositional cause (of behavior) |
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Definition
| perceived causes of behavior that are based on internal traits or personality factors. |
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