Term
| Cognitive-neoassociation theory |
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Definition
| Theory that argues that any unpleasant situation triggers a complex chain of internal events that can be expressed as aggression |
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Term
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Definition
Individuals who are characterized by lack of empathy for others and insensitive to punishment
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Term
1. Inhibits empathy
2. Inhibits normal restraints
3. Primes aggressive constructs |
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Definition
| Three main reasons why alcohol consumption is related to high levels of violence |
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Term
| Testosterone increases the motivation to dominate |
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Definition
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Term
Cognitive training program (proposed by Novaco)
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Definition
A program that asks participants to develop and use well rehearsed self-statements to be deployed when a provocation occurs:
1. Prepare for provocation- "I can manage"
2. Confronting provocation- "It's a shame the person is acting in this way"
3. Coping with arousal and agitation- "Time to relax and slow things down"
4. Reflection on provocation- "That could have been worse" |
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Term
| Differential parental investment |
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Definition
| A biological principle of selection where the animals making their offspring (females for males, where as males for access to female) will be more careful in their mate selection |
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Definition
| Most likely reason why women kill their partner |
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Definition
| A mathematical concept that incorporates assessments of both the potential risks from, and potential rewards from, fighting. |
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Term
| Observing others who succesfully get stuff using aggression |
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Definition
| How social theory is linked to aggression |
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Term
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Definition
| Behavior intended to injure another |
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Term
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Definition
| Behavior intended to express dominance or confidnece |
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Definition
| Behavior intended to hurt someone without face to face confrontation |
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Term
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Definition
| Behavior intended to hurt someone to his/her face |
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Term
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Definition
| Indirect expression of an aggressive impulse away from the person or animal that elicited it |
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Term
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Definition
| Discharge of aggressive impulses |
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Term
| Original frustrated-aggression hypothesis |
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Definition
| Aggression is an automatic response to any blocking of goal-directed behavior |
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Term
| Reformulated frustration-aggression hypothesis |
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Definition
| Any unpleasant stimulation will lead to emotional aggression to the extent that it generates unpleasant feelings |
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Term
| Excitation-transfer theory |
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Definition
Anger is physiologically similar to other emotional states and that any form of emotional arousal can enhance aggressive responses
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Term
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Definition
| Group of personality characteristics, including time-urgency and competitiveness, that is associated with higher risk for coronary disease |
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Term
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Definition
| The feeling that one has less than the others to whom one compares oneself |
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Term
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Definition
| Facor on love scales composed of items tapping romantic attraction and sexual desire |
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Term
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Definition
| Factor on love scales composed of items tapping feelings of close bonding with another |
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Term
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Definition
| Factor on love scales composed of items tapping decision that one is in love with and committed to another |
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Term
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Definition
| Statistic technique for sorting test items or behaviors into conceptually similar grouping |
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Definition
| State of intense longing for union with another |
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Term
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Definition
| Affection and tenderness felt for those whose lives are enwined with our own |
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Term
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Definition
| Individual differences in the tendency to prefer either unrestricted sex (without the necessity of love) or restricted sex (only in the context of long term, loving relationship) |
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Term
| Two-factor theory of love |
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Definition
| Theory that love consists of general arousal (factor 1), which is attributed to the presence of an attractive person and labeled as love (factor 2) |
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Term
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Definition
| The human need to for and maintain strong, stable interpersonal relationships |
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Term
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Definition
| Comfort provided by an attachment figure, which allows the person to venture forth more confidently to explore the environment |
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Term
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Definition
| Attachments marked by trust that the other persons will continue to provide love and support |
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Term
| Anxious/ambivalent attachment style |
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Definition
| Attachments marked by fear of abandonment and the feeling that one's needs are not being met |
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Term
| Avoidant attachment style |
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Definition
| Attachments marked by defensive detachment from the other |
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Term
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Definition
| A disorder involving fixed (but incorrect) belief that one is loved by another, which persist in the face of strong evidence to the contrary |
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Term
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Definition
| Assets that can be drawn from ones network of social relationship |
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Term
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Definition
| Model that is proposed when a theorist assumed that governing principles in various relationships (friendship vs romance) |
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Term
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Definition
| Women use this during interpersonal conflict and stress, while men handle via fight or flight |
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Term
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Definition
| Based on rewards or benefits traded in the past or that are expected to be traded in the future |
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Term
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Definition
| Where one self discloses intimate details of your life to another person, a friend would do this back |
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Term
| Intimacy, passion, commitment |
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Definition
| 3 components that love is viewed as |
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Term
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Definition
| People display this reaction when in contact with a face that has symmetry |
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Term
1. Finding intimacy unpleasant
2. Feel jealousy
3. Uncomfortable with sharing
4. Focus on differences |
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Definition
| 4 compoonents of avoident attachment style |
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Term
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Definition
Demonstrating a combination of masculine and feminine characteristics in one's behavior.
Women prefer men to be androgynous |
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Term
| Inclusive fitness/ kin selection |
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Definition
| The name of one of the principles that links evolution to helping behavior |
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Term
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Definition
| Helping without the prospect of personal gain is especially inreased when people feel this for others |
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Term
| Mood management hypothesis |
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Definition
| Name of the idea that we help others to "pick up our spirits" |
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Term
1. Altering self focus
2. Labeling a person |
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Definition
| The text mentions 2 ways that situation can alter the self to affect helping behavior name one |
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Term
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Definition
| Action intended to benefit another |
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Term
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Definition
| Action intended solely to benfit another |
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Term
| 4 major goals prosocial actions can serve |
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Definition
1. Improve our own basic welfare
2. Increase social status and approval
3. Manage our self image
4. Manage our moods and emotions |
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Term
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Definition
| Helping in return for prior help |
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Term
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Definition
| Survival of ones genes in ones own offspring and in any relative one helps |
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Term
| Experience sampling method |
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Definition
| An observational technique in which sub just fill out frequent descriptions of who they are with and what is going on |
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Term
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Definition
| Someone with whom we have an affectionate relationship |
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Term
| Reinforcement-affect model |
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Definition
| Theory that we like poeple with whom we associate positive feelings and we dislike people with whom we associate negative feelings |
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Term
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Definition
| A casual relationship with another person with a relationship based on rewards and benefits |
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Term
| How group goods are divided among individuals in authority ranking relationships |
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Definition
| Goods are divided based on authority. Higher the status, more goods |
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Term
| Market pricing relationships |
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Definition
| Based on input, the more you contribute the more you get |
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Term
| Proximity-attraction principle |
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Definition
| Tend to choose friends from those who work or live nearby |
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Term
Rewards
Source of knowledge
Self-definition |
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Definition
| Why we value the company of others and form relationships |
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Term
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Definition
| Game with 3 avatars throwing ball from player to player, however 1 play is excluded |
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Term
| Selectable trait (in the genes) |
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Definition
| Type of trait social tendencies need to be |
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Term
| In comparison to women, men's friendships are marked by two factors |
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Definition
Instrumentality: for reasons because they like sports, etc
Hierarchy: status |
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Term
| Reasons why we come to like those similar to us |
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Definition
Validate self- we feel competent
Provide precise information about abilities adding to our self-knowledge
We prefer consistency- it's more comfortable |
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Term
| 3 ways friendships differ in western vs traditional cultures |
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Definition
1. Freely chosen vs Involuntary
2. Temporary vs permanent
3. Individualistic vs collectivistic |
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Term
| Experience sampling method |
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Definition
| Explore people's lives by using a beeper to record stuff when it goes off |
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Term
| Reinforcement-affect model |
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Definition
| We like those with who we associate positive feelings |
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Term
| Fundamental and general goal that lies at the heart of social exchange theory approach to liking |
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Definition
We want to maximize the ratio of benefits to cost
We like people who give us a lot relative to how much we give |
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Term
| What people do when they are threatened with danger |
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Definition
| Gather, seekout, and make contact |
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Term
| What lonely people think about themselves after social interactions |
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Definition
| They think they did poorly |
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Term
| Selective breeding for socialality trait |
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Definition
Foxes bred, began to change in color, younger looking
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Term
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Definition
Rare congenital condition
Deletion of portion on chromosome 7
Makes people extremely socialable and GOOD at it, despite intellectual disability
Unafraid of adults, strong social skills |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Two hormone related to sexual desire and sexual receptivity in both males and females |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| What happens when raised with another individual and view them as a sibling |
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Term
| Individual becomes visibly upset |
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Definition
| Those with anxious/ambivalent attachment style |
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Term
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Definition
| Monkey species that often display homosexual behavior |
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Term
| Diffusion of responsibility |
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Definition
| When people are in a crows, they feel lowered person accountability for an outcome, reduce helping behavior |
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Term
| Inclusive fitness/kin selection |
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Definition
| Principle that links evolution to helping behavior, suggests one can pass one's genes foward by helping relatives survive |
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Term
| Compassionate feelings prompted by taking perspective of others |
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Definition
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Term
| Two ways a situation can alter the self to affect helping behavior |
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Definition
Altering self focus- behave more consistent with self values
labeling a person- be consistent with a label |
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Term
| Overly positive view of helping situations |
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Definition
| Why elated individuals might be especially likely to help others |
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Term
| High desire for social approval |
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Definition
| Characteristic where individuals are especially likely to help others in public |
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Term
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Definition
| Tribal ritual celebration in which the host gives away enormous quantitites of goods to guests, often going broke |
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Term
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Definition
| When an individual believes the can successfully engage in aggressive behavior |
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Term
Social responsibility norm |
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Definition
| Most general hepling norm prescribes that we should help those who are dependent on us for help (ex- children, elderly) |
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Term
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Definition
| 3 variables reflect an individuals consistently related to failure of people to seek and accept help |
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Term
| Person's values induced them to help |
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Definition
Most frequent reason why people cite when they are asked why they decided to give help
-it fits with their personal values |
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Term
| Likelihood to help others goes down in city |
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Definition
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Term
| Reasons why catharis does not work |
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Definition
Temporarily makes individual feel better
Still will want to take out aggression on whoever made you mad |
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