Term
| What are the 3 constraints that make it impossible to create the best of all possible genes for a particular task? |
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Definition
| Failure of appropriate mutations to occur, pleiotropic restraints, coevolution |
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Term
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Definition
| Shift away from the ancestral trait and accumulation of differences between groups, which can lead to formation of new species. Same lineage, different behavior. |
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Term
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Definition
| Species from different evolutionary lineages that live in similar environments evolving to have similar traits. Different lineage, same behavior. |
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Term
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Definition
| Simple explanations are more likely to be correct than complex ones. |
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Term
| Almost all other species of noctuid moths also have ears that respond to ultrasound - Divergent, convergent, neither? |
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Definition
| neither - the moths are from the same lineage and exhibit the same trait/behavior. |
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Term
| Almost all the species in the evolutionary lineage that includes the noctuid moths and many other moths belonging to several other super families also have ears that respond to ultrasound - Divergent, convergent, neither? |
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Definition
| Neither, they are from the same lineage (superfamily) and exhibit the same trait/behavior. |
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Term
| Some diurnal noctuid moths have ears but are largely or totally incapable of hearing ultrasound – divergent, convergent, neither? |
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Definition
| Divergent Evolution, they are from the same lineage but exhibit a different behavior/trait |
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Term
| Six species of noctuid moths found only on the Pacific Ocean islands of Tahiti and Moorea have ears and can hear ultrasound but do not react to this stimulus with anit-bat responses – DIVERGENT, CONVERGENT, NEITHER? |
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Definition
| Divergent Evolution, they are from the same lineage but exhibit a different behavior/trait. |
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Term
| Members of one small group of nocturnal butterflies have ears on their wings and can hear ultrasound; they respond to ultrasonic stimulation by engaging in unpredictable dives, loops and spirals – Divergent, convergent, neither? |
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Definition
| Convergent, there is no indication that they are from the same lineage, yet they exhibit the same behavior/trait |
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Term
| Lacewings and praying mantises fly at night and have ears that detect ultrasound and lead to anti-bat defensive behavior – divergent, convergent, neither? |
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Definition
| Convergent Evolution, there is no shared lineage, but they exhibit the same behavior/trait |
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Term
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Definition
| Dillution effects, fighting back effect, improved vigilance effect |
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Term
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Definition
| Attributes of organisms are optimal - better than others in terms of fitness costs and benefits. Used to generate hypotheses about possible adaptive values |
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Term
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Definition
| The payoffs to individuals associated with one behavioral tactic are dependent on what the other members in the group are doing. |
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Term
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Definition
| Genetic development - effects of heredity and gene/environment interaction. Sensory motor mechanisms - physiological levels, hormones, neurons, skeletal-muscular. |
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Term
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Definition
| Historical Pathways, selective processes |
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Term
| Evolved function hypothesis |
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Definition
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Term
| physiological - psychological hypothesis |
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Definition
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Term
| genetic-developmental/environmental hypothesis |
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Definition
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Term
| evolutionary history hypothesis |
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Definition
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Term
| 3 essential ingredients for natural selection |
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Definition
| variation, inheritance, selection |
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Term
| 5 types of evidence for evolution |
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Definition
| fossil records, homology, universal genetic code, human controlled selection, direct observation |
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Term
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Definition
| offspring of 2 true-breeding organisms with a genotype that is heterozygous for both traits. |
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Term
| Why was mendal lucky with the traits he chose? |
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Definition
| They were located on different chromosomes, dominant alleles did determine the phenotype, the traits were controlled by only 2 alleles |
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Term
| What are the blood type phenotypes? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the blood type genotypes? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| 2 or more alternative phenotypes introduced by key differences in environments. |
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