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PSYC 2410 units 1-2
BEHAVIOURAL NEUROSCIENCE 1
47
Psychology
Undergraduate 2
08/01/2014

Additional Psychology Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
Biopsychology
Definition
the study of the biological basis of behavior / the scientific study of the biology of behavior
Term
What are other terms of reference for biopsychology?
Definition
psychobiology, behavioral biology or behavioral neuroscience.
Term
Neuroplasticity
Definition
the understanding that the brain is a plastic organ, capable of changing in response to genetic programs and experiences
Term
The organization of Behaviour was authored by?
Definition
D.O. Hebb in 1949
Term
What are the other disciplines of neuroscience that biopsychology have a special relationship with?
Definition
neuroanatomy, neurochemistry, neuroendocrinology, neuropharmacology, and neurophysiology
Term
The study of the functions and activities of the nervous system is termed:
Definition
neurophysiology
Term
Neurochemistry
Definition
the study of the chemical bases of neural activity
Term
Neuroendocrinology
Definition
the study of the interactions between the nervous system and the endocrine system
Term
Neuropharmacology
Definition
the study of the effects of drugs on neural activty
Term
The study of nervous system disorders is termed:
Definition
neuropathology
Term
The study of the structure of the nervous system is termed:
Definition
neuroanatomy
Term
Neurons
Definition
cells that receive and transmit electrochemical signals
Term
How do our brains differ from other mammals?
Definition
Quantitative / in terms of size and cortical development
Term
________ ________ are unintended differences between conditions that can influence the dependent variable
Definition
Confounded Variables
Term
the arched-back, rump-up, tail-diverted posture of female rodent sexual receptivity is called what?
Definition
lordosis
Term
When are non-experimental methods used instead of experimental?
Definition
When there are physical or ethical impediments to using the experimental methods
Term
an experimental design where different groups of subjects are tested under each treatment condition is referred to as:
Definition
between-subjects design
Term
Quasiexperiments are not real experiments b/c potential ______ ______ have not been controlled for
Definition
confounding variables
Term
A major problem with case studies is __________
Definition
generalizability: the degree to which results can be applied to other cases
Term
_______ research is motivated primarily by the curiosity of the researcher.
Definition
pure
Term
What are the 6 major divisions of biopsychology?
Definition
physiological psychology, psychopharmacology, neuropsychology, psychophysiology, cognitive neuroscience, and comparative psychology
Term
Physiological Psychology
Definition
1. study of brain-behavior relationships by directly manipulating the nervous system through, but not limited to, the use of lesion techniques or invasive recording of brain activity
Term
Psychopharmacology
Definition
focuses on the manipulation of neural activity and behavior with drugs / focuses on how drugs effect behavior and the how these changes are mediated by neural activity
Term
_________ is the study of the psychological effects of brain damage in human patients
Definition
Neuropsychology
Term
_______ is the study of the relationship between physiology and psychological processes
Definition
Psychophysiology
Term
What is the division of biopsychology that focuses on the neural basis of cognitive processes called?
Definition
Cognitive neuroscienc
Term
________ _________ compare the behavior of different species in order to understand the evolution, genetics, and adaptiveness of behavior
Definition
Comparative psychologists
Term
Scientific inference
Definition
logical process by which observable events are used to infer the properties of unobservable events
Term
When several explanations are possible, give precedence to the simplest one --- this is called _______ ________
Definition
Morgan’s Canon
Term
Zeitgeist
Definition
the general intellectual climate of our culture
Term
instinctive behaviors
Definition
behaviors that occur in all like members of a species,even when there seems to have been no opportunity for them to have been learned
Term
the father of Behaviorism
Definition
John B. Watson
Term
____________ is a deficiency in the awareness of parts of ones own body
Definition
asomatognosia
Term
A ________ is a group of organisms that is reproductively isolated from other organism
Definition
species
Term
conspecifics
Definition
members of the same species
Term
animals with a dorsal nerve cord are called ________
Definition
Chordates
Term
incidental non-adaptive evolutionary by-products are called ________. give an example
Definition
spandrels e.g. human belly button, etc
Term
some characteristics, called ____________, evolved to perform one function and were later co-opted to perform another
Definition
exaptations e.g. bird wings were once used for walking
Term
Structures that are similar because they have a common evolutionary origin are termed ____________
Definition
homologous
Term
structures that are similar but do not have a common evolutionary origin are termed ____________
Definition
analogous
Term
convergent evolution
Definition
the evolution in unrelated species of similar solutions to the same environmental demands
Term
convolutions
Definition
folds on the cerebral surface
Term
Regarding human brain evolution, most of the increase in brain size has occurred in the _________.
Definition
cerebrum
Term
The pattern of mate bonding that is most prevalent in mammals is __________, what does this mean?
Definition
polygyny; an arrangement in which one male forms mating bonds with more than one female
Term
_________ is a mating arrangement in which one female forms mating bonds with more than one male
Definition
Polyandry
Term
Dichotomous traits
Definition
are traits that occur in one form or the other, never in combination
Term
___-______ _______ are breeding lines in which interbred members always produce offspring with the same trait generation after generation
Definition
True-breeding lines
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