Term
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Definition
| process of acquiring info and transferring it into LTM |
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Term
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Definition
| transferring info from LTM to working memory |
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Term
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Definition
| helps maintain info in STM/WM, but it not an effective way of transferring info into LTM |
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Term
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Definition
| occurs when you think about the meaning of an item or make connections between the item and something you know |
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Term
| levels of processing (LOP) |
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Definition
| part of this theory that states that there are diff depths of processing that can be achieved as info is being encoded |
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Term
| levels-of-processing-theory |
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Definition
| the idea that memory depends on how info is encoded, with better memory being achieved when processing is deep than when processing is shallow. Deep processing involves attention to meaning and is associated with elaborative rehearsal. Shallow processing involves repetition with little attention to meaning and is associated with maintenance rehearsal |
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Term
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Definition
| the idea that the processing that occurs as an item is being encoding into memory can be deep or shallow. Deep processing involves attention to meaning and is associated with elaborate rehearsal. Shallow processing involves repetition with little attention to meaning and is associated with maintenance rehearsal |
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Term
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Definition
| involves little attention to meaning |
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Term
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Definition
| involves close attention, focusing on an item's meaning and relating it to something else |
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Term
| paired-associate learning |
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Definition
| a list of word pairs is presented |
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Term
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Definition
| memory is better if you are asked to relate a word to yourself |
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Term
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Definition
| memory for material is better when a person generates the material him-or herself, rather than passively receiving it |
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Term
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Definition
| a word or other stimulus that helps a person remember info stored in memory |
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Term
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Definition
| enhanced performance on a memory test caused by being tested on the material to be remembered |
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Term
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Definition
| Ps are simply asked to recall stimuli |
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Term
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Definition
| Ps are presented with retrieval cues to aid in recall of the previously experience stimuli |
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Term
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Definition
| states that we encode info along with its context |
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Term
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Definition
| learning that is associated with a particular internal state, such as mood or state of awareness |
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Term
| transfer-appropriate processing |
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Definition
| shows that memory performance is enhanced if the type of task at encoding matches the type of task at retrieval |
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Term
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Definition
| the advantage in performance caused by short study session separated by breaks from studying |
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Term
| medial temporal lobe (MTL) |
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Definition
| an area in the temporal lobe that consists of the hippocampus and a # of surrounding structures. Damage to it causes problems in forming new LTMs |
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Term
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Definition
| memory for events that occurred long ago |
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Term
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Definition
| memory for recent events is more fragile than memory for remote events |
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Term
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Definition
| process that transforms new memories from a fragile state, in which they can be disrupted, to a more permanent state, in which they are resistant to disruption |
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Term
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Definition
| occurs at synapses and happens rapidly, over a period of minutes |
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Term
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Definition
| involves gradual reorganization of circuits within brain regions and takes place on a longer time scale, lasting weeks, months, or even years |
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Term
| standard model of consolidation |
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Definition
| memory retrieval depends on the hippocampus during consolidation, but that once consolidation is complete, retrieval no longer depends on the hippocampus |
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Term
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Definition
| a process during which the hippocampus replays the neural activity associated with a memory |
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Term
| multiple trace hypothesis |
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Definition
| _______ states that the hippocampus is involved in retrieval of remote memories, especially episodic memories |
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