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Definition
| study of physiological basis of cognition |
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| building blocks and transmission lines of nervous system |
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| specific areas of the brain serve specific functions |
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serves most cognitive functions
3mm thick layer of tissue that covers brain |
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| first areas of cerebral cortex to receive signals from each of the senses |
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back of brain (behind eyes essentially)
vision |
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top part of brain in front of occipital lobe
skin senses (touch, temperature, pain) |
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front of brain (behind forehead)
responds to all of the senses & involved in higher order functioning (perception, coordination of info received through 2+ senses, etc.) |
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Definition
| inability to recognize faces |
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| positron emission tomography (PET) |
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Definition
1970s
brain imaging technique involving injection of a radioactive tracer into bloodstream ~~ blood flow increases in areas of brain activated by cognitive task |
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Definition
the technique used in brain imaging in which
activity generated by a specific task
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baseline activity
=
activity due only to task that is being studied |
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| Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) |
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Definition
| brain imaging technique that measures how blood flow changes in response to cog. activity. Unlike PET, does not involve injection of radioactive tracer |
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| area in temporal lobe that contains many neurons that respond selectively to faces |
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| parahippocampal place area (PPA) |
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Definition
| activated by pics representing indoor & outdoor scenes |
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| extrastriate body area (EBA) |
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Definition
| activated by pics of bodies and parts of bodies (but not faces) |
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| area specialized for specific function |
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Speech FORMATION - Broca's Aphasia
Frontal Lobe |
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| Speech COMPREHENSION - Wernicke's aphasia (produce meaningless speech and unable to understand speech) Temporal lobe |
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| Event related potential (ERP) |
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Definition
| recorded with small disc electrodes placed on person's scalp each electrode picks up signals from groups of neurons that fire togeither |
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specific functions are processed by many different areas in the brain
(eg. rolling red ball... Red, rolling direction, speed, shape, depth, etc.) |
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layer of neurons that line the back of the eye
Hubel & Weisel Experiment monitoring neurons of cats & monkeys |
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| neurons that respond to specific features (ie. orientation, size, or more complex features that make up environmental stimuli) |
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| representation of specific stimulus by firing of neurons that respond only to that stimulus |
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| a neuron that responds only to a highly specific stimulus. This stimulus could be a specific image (ie. a picture of someone's grandmother), a concept (ie. idea of grandmothers in general), or a person's real-life grandmother. |
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| code that indicates a specific face is distributed across a number of neurons |
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time window to learn something. Once it's passed. It's passed
eg. imprinting ~~ Lorenz & Ducks |
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| period of time where it's easier to learn something |
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a complex behavior that emerges, full-blown, with little opportunity for practice & reward
eg. stickleback fish |
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| a theoretical set of processes and representations eg. generativity ~~ language OR Short Term Memory |
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