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Psyc 107 Chapter 2: Part 2
Psyc 107 Edens
29
Psychology
Undergraduate 1
02/10/2010

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Term
The Endocrine System
Definition
Body's slow communication system.
Hormones are synthesized by th endocrine glands that are secreted by the bloodstream.
Communication is carried out by hormones which affect the brain and many other tissues
Term
Pituitary Gland
Definition
"master" gland.
Controlled by the Hypothalamus.
Controls other bodily glands.
Term
Thyroid and Parathyroid Glands
Definition
Regulate metabolism and calcium rate.
Term
Adrenal glands (two sections)
Definition
Located on top of kidney's. Divided into two sections. Adrenal Medulla and the Adrenal Cortex
Term
Adrenal Medulla
Definition
Secretes Epinephrine and Norepinphrine during stressful situations. (Adrenaline)
Term
Adrenal Cortex
Definition
Regulates salt and carbohydrate metabolism.
Term
Pancreas
Definition
regulates blood sugar. secretes insulin
Term
The brainstem
Definition
Responsible for automatic functions. is the most primitive part of the brain
Term
Medulla
Definition
controls heartbeat and breathing. Base of brainstem
Term
Thalamus
Definition
Brain's sensory switchboard. Receives information from all of the senses except smell and routes it the brain regions that deal with seeing, hearing, tasting, and touching.
Term
Reticular Formation
Definition
Play very important role in arousal.
finger shaped network of neurons that extends from the spinal cord right up to the thalamus.
So, connects the thalamus to the spinal cord.
Term
Cerebellum.
Definition
Located right on top of brainstem, near back bottom of the brain. Means little brain. Helps with voluntary movements and balance. Posture, balance, coordination.
Term
Lesions
Definition
Damag(ing)(ed) brain
Term
Clinical Observation
Definition
observations of damaged brain individual's behavior.
Term
The limbic system
Definition
Doughnut shaped. Attaches the brain's new parts (cerebral cortex) to it's older parts.
Term
Amygdala
Definition
Linked to fear and aggression (anger) A for aggression... and fear.
Term
Hypothalamus
Definition
directs maintenance actives like eating, dir
Term
Hypothalamus
Definition
Direct maintenance activities like eating, drinking, body temp, and control of emotions.
Term
Hippocampus
Definition
Processes memories
Term
Reward Center
Definition
(Located in hypothalamus) Rats getting electrically stimulated here. Olds and Milner?
Term
Corpus Callosum
Definition
Axon fibers connecting two cerebral hemispheres.
Term
Frontal Lobe
Definition
Front of Forehead. Motor Cortex-sends signals to muscles. Prefrontal cortex-executive functions.
Term
Parietal Lobe
Definition
Perceptions of space.
Sensory cortex.
Term
Temporal Lobe
Definition
Hearing, Language comprehension,autobiographical memories.
Auditory Cortex
Term
Optical Lobe
Definition
Vision.
Visual Cortex.
Term
Aphasia
Definition
Impaired use of language. Comes from damage in the left hemisphere to broca's area or Wernicke's Area
Term
Broca's Area
Definition
Controls language expression.
Controls the muscles involved in speech.
Term
Wernicke's area
Definition
Controls language RECEPTION. Left temporal lobe.
Term
Neural Plasticity
Definition
The nervous systems ability to change.
-Before birth until maturation
-During learning
-Following injury and degeneration (blind)
-Stem Cells
-Neurogenesis: Production of new neurons in the adult brain.
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