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Definition
| The studying the brain and by the bumps on head. |
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Term
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Definition
| (Biological Psychology) Study of the brain and Behavior |
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Term
| The brain contains how many neurons? |
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Definition
| 100 billion neurons (brain cells) |
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| T/F: We only use 10% of our brains? |
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Definition
| It it mostly used, just not simultaneously. |
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| Basic Characteristics of the NS |
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Definition
Complexity: One grain of sand on brain=100,000 Neurons
Integration: Each neuron connects with up to 10,000 other neurons
Adaptability: Neurons grow together (connect) over time.
Electrochemical transmission: How they communicate |
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Term
| Building block of Nervous system |
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Definition
| Neurons. In body. Millions of interconnected cells. |
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| What is the importance of the human brain and NS being similar to other animals? |
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Definition
| We can test their brains and nervous systems and learn things about our own |
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Term
| Name the parts of a neuron. (In the order in which the information is sent) |
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Definition
| 1. Dendrites, 2.Cell Body, 3. Axon, 4. Terminal Branches. |
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Definition
| Life support center of the neuron |
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Definition
Branching extensions from cell body.
Receive messages from other neurons.
"Listen" |
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Term
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Definition
| Long single extension of neuron. Covered in myelin sheath to insulate and speed up messages through the neurons. |
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Term
| Terminal Branches of Axon |
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Definition
| Branched endings of an axon that transit messages to other cells. |
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Definition
| Carry information from sense receptors to the CNS |
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Term
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Definition
| Carry outgoing messages from interneuron, which connects the two neurons. |
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Definition
| connect the sensory neurons and the motor neurons |
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Term
| In what two ways do Neurons Communicate? |
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Definition
| Through Electrical impulse (within the neuron) and Chemical (between Neurons) |
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Term
| Neural (electrical) impulse |
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Definition
| Brief electrical charge that travels down the axon. generated by the movement of positively charged atoms in and out of channels in the axon's membrane |
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Definition
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Definition
| The brief wave of electrical wave that sweeps down the axon. Occurs when neuron is activated by an incoming impulse. Is all or none, meaning that like guns, the intensity of the fire doesn't change. What makes a tap different from a slap is the fact that many neurons go off at once. Excitatory (push) impulse must outweigh inhibitory (stop) or vice versa for this to happen. |
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Term
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Definition
| Communication between cells that occur via chemical |
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Definition
| junction between the axon tip of the sending cell and the dendrite of the receiving cell. |
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Term
| What is the tiny gap between the axon of one neuron and the dendrite of another called? |
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Definition
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Definition
| the chemicals released from the sending neuron that travel across the synapse and bind to receptor sites on the receiving neuron.; |
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Term
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Definition
| NTs in the synapse are reabsorbed into the sending neuron. The applies the brakes on the NT action |
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Term
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Definition
| NTs bind to the receptors in a lock and key mechanism. (Like a key fitting into a lock.) |
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Term
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Definition
| Mimic the NTs effect on the receiving. Excite. Morphine mimics endorphins |
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Term
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Definition
| Prevent the NT action from taking place on the receiving neuron. Blocks action. inhibits. Botox blocks ACh causing muscle paralysis |
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Term
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Definition
| When nicotine attaches to these receptors, a chemical called dopamine is released. he active ingredient in Chantix, varenicline, binds itself to the brain's nicotine recepetors, meaning nicotine from cigarettes can no longer bind to those receptors. |
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Term
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Definition
| pathways are involved with mood. Hunger and arousal. Low=depression |
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Definition
| Movement, learning, attention, and emotion. excess=schizophenia under=parkinsons |
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Definition
| Alertness and arousal. Under=depressed mood |
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Definition
| Main NT. Muscle movement, learning, and memory. Alzheimers cause ACh producing neurons to deteriorate |
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Term
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Definition
| the brain and the spinal cord |
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Term
| Peripheral Nervous System |
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Definition
| the sensory and motor neurons that connect to the central nervous system to the rest of the body |
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Term
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Definition
Part of the PNS
Are neural "cables" that contain many axons
Nerves connect muscles, glands, and sense organs to the CNS |
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Term
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Definition
| (Skeletal NS) the part of the PNS that control voluntary muscle movements, mainly skeletal muscles |
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Definition
| the "automatic" part of the PNS that controls glands and other muscles. (Stomach, heartbeat, bladder, kidneys, etc.) Also has two divisions. |
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Term
| Sympathetic Nervous System |
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Definition
| the division of the ANS (Autonomic Nervous System, division of the PNS) that "excites" the body. "Fight or Flight" |
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Term
| Parasympathetic Nervous System |
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Definition
| the division of the ANS (Autonomic Nervous System, division of the PNS) that "relaxes" the body. Digest and rest. |
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Term
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Definition
| Connects the PNS to the brain. Ascending neural sensory fibers send messages from the muscles up, and descending motor fibers send motor control info back |
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Term
| The brain and "Neural Networks" |
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Definition
A work group of closely clustered neurons. they are clustered so as to send info more quickly.
The networks are made up of interconnected neurons in the brain and grow and change with experience. |
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Term
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Definition
| Automatic response to stimuli. 1. sensory receptors send message to to the spinal cord where it is passed via inter neurons to motor neurons that lead to muscles in the hand and arm. this took place through the spinal cord, meaning that the information did not have to be sent to the brain for a proper response. |
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