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Definition
| 1.Disengage from external world 2.Onset of true sleep 3.Physiological arousal drop to lowest point 4.Deep sleep. Stages then reverse to REM sleep. |
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Term
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Definition
| Brain activity spikes. Resenbles wakeness brain activity. Most dreaming occurs. Muscles are surpressed. Physiological arousal flunctuates. |
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Term
| Significance of dreams according to Freud |
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Definition
| Dreams usually have a symbolic meaning. Fulfillment of wishes. Dreams allow for the safe release of unacceptable thoughts and wishes |
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Term
| Activation-Synthesis Hypothesis |
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Definition
| Dreams bring memories from the past and impose meaning. Integration of memory, emotions, and feelings. |
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Term
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Definition
| Inability to fall/stay asleep or feel rested. |
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Term
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Definition
| Repeatedly stopping of breathing causeing momentary awakeness. Most people have no idea they have this condition. |
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Term
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Definition
| Episodes of walking or perfomriming other acts in sleep. |
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Term
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Definition
| Spike in physiological. Inc. intense fear & hallucinations. Occurs in stage 4 NREM. |
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Definition
| Failure to surpress muscle movement during REM causing person to act out dreams. |
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Term
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Definition
| Chronic life long condition which consists of suddenly slipping into REM sleep. (sleep attacks) |
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Term
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Definition
| Addictive that depress/inhibit CNS. Produce drowsiness, sedation, or sleep. |
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Term
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Definition
| Addictive, relieve pain, and produce feeling of euphoria. Natural:opium, morphine, codeine. Synthetic:heroine, methodine, prescription pain killers |
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Term
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Definition
| Vary in strength, effects, and legal status. Increase brain activitiy. Speed up nervous system. (uppers) |
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Term
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Definition
| Modify perceptional experiences and alter thinking. Sensations cross over each other. |
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Term
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Definition
| A person's awareness of everything that is going on around them at any given moment, which is used to organize behavior. |
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Term
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Definition
| a circle of bodily rhythm that occurs over a 24 hour period. |
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Term
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Definition
| brief sidesteps into sleep lasting only a few seconds |
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Term
| Restorative theory of sleep |
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Definition
| Theory of sleep proposing that sleep is necessary to the physical health of the body and serves to replenish chemicals and repair cellular damage. |
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Term
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Definition
| Theory of sleep proposing that animals and humans evolved sleep patterns to avoid predators by sleeping when predators are most active. |
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Term
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Definition
| Drugs that alter thinking, perception, and memory. |
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Term
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Definition
| Conditioning occuring when a person's body becomes unable to function normally without a particular drug |
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Term
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Definition
| the feeling that a drug is needed to continue a feeling of emotional or psycholodical well-being |
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Term
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Definition
| Symptoms that can include nauseea, pain, tremors, crankiness, and high blood pressure, resulting from a lack of an addictive drug in the body system |
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Term
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Definition
| The amount of drugs a persons body can handle before overdosing |
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Term
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Definition
| Works as clock telling people when to go to sleep and when to wake up. Controls circadian rhythm. |
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Term
| 4 major types of learning |
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Definition
| Classical conditioning, Opereant conditioning, Observational learning, Latent learning |
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Term
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Definition
| learning to make involuntary responses to a stumulis other than the original, natural stimulus that normally produces the reflex |
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Term
| Dog and bell study (Pavlov) |
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Definition
| Dog would hear bell every time he was fed. After a few times of being fed he started salivating just by hearing the bell. |
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Term
| Little Albert Study (Watson) |
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Definition
| Watson would put on rat mask and make loud scary noises and the baby would cry. After baby would just see the rat mask he would start to cry. |
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Term
| Operant conditioning (Skinner) |
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Definition
| the learning of voluntary behavior through the effects of pleasant and unpleasant responses. |
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Term
| Superstition in the pigeon |
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Definition
| Pigeons given food every 15 seconds. Produced new behavior as if acting certain way produced food |
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Term
| Observational learning (Bandura) |
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Definition
| Learning new behavior by watching a model perform that behavior |
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Term
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Definition
| Kids that watched adult beat up bobo doll started acting the same way. Kids that didn't, played with other toys. |
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Term
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Definition
| learning that remains hidden until its application is useful (rats in maze) |
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Term
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Definition
| Rats that got food after maze did better and better everyday. Rats without food after maze dropped in consitency and did not finish as well |
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Term
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Definition
| a naturally occuring stimulus that leads to an involuntary(reflex) response |
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Term
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Definition
| learned reflex response to a conditioned stimulus |
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Term
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Definition
| an involuntary (reflex) response to a naturally occuring or conditioned stimulus |
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Term
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Definition
Stimulus that becomes able to produce a learned reflex response by being paired with the original unconditioned stimulus
(bell is conditioned stimulus) |
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Term
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Definition
| any relatively permanent change in behavior brought about by experience or practice |
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Term
| Conditioned taste aversion |
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Definition
| development of a nausea or aversive response to a particular taste because that taste was follwed by a nausea reaction, occuring after only one association |
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Term
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Definition
| any event or stimulus that, when following a response, increases or decreases the probability that the response will occur again |
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Term
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Definition
| any event or object that, when following a response, makes that response less likely to happen again |
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Term
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Definition
| the use of operant conditioning techniques to bring about desired changes in behavior |
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Term
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Definition
| type of behvior modification in which desired behavior is rewarded with tokens |
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Term
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Definition
| the tendency to fail to act to escape from a situation because of a history of repeated failures in the past |
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Term
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Definition
| the tendency to respond to a stimulus that is only similar to the original conditioned stimulus with the conditioned response |
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Term
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Definition
| organism learns to respond to different stimuli in different ways |
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Term
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Definition
| disappearance or weakening of a learned response follwing the removal or absence of the UCS or the removal of a reinforcer |
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Term
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Definition
| the reinforcement of simple steps in behavior that lead to a desire, more complex behavior |
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Term
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Definition
| reappearance of a learned response after extinction has occured |
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Term
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Definition
| the sudden preception of relationships among various parts of a problem allowing the solution to the problem to come quickly |
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Term
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Definition
| referring to the tendency of animals to learn the asssociations, such as taste and nausea, with only one or few pairings due to the survival value of the learning |
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Term
| Cognitive map(mental map) |
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Definition
| mental process composed of a series of psychological transformations by which an individual can acquire, code, store, recall, and decode information about the relative locations and attributes of phenomena in their everyday or metaphorical spatial environment |
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Term
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Definition
| getting information that is in storage into a form that can be used |
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Term
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Definition
| a set of mental operations that people perform on sensory information to convert that information into a form that is usable in the brain's storage system |
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Term
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Definition
| holding on to information for some period of time |
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Term
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Definition
| process of recoding, or reorganizing, information to make it easier to remember |
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Term
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Definition
| a method of transferring information from STM into LTM by making information meaningful in some way |
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Term
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Definition
| model that shows memory is stored in the brain by connecting something that is related to it |
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Term
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Definition
| memory that is not easily brought into conscious awareness, such as procedural memory |
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Term
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Definition
| memory that is consciously known, such as declarative memory |
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Term
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Definition
| tendency for memory of information to be improved if related information available when the memory is first formed is also available when the memory is being retrieved |
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Term
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Definition
| tendency of information at the beginning and and of a body of information to be remembered more accurately than informatioon in the middle of the body of information |
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Term
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Definition
| type of automatic encoding that occurs because an unexpected event has strong emotional associations for the person remembering it |
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Term
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Definition
| Inability to recall some or all past events |
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Term
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Definition
| Inability to form new memories |
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Term
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Definition
| registers a lot of info from enviroment in great deatail and holds it briefly. continuously takes snapshots that fade quicklu |
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Term
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Definition
| Physical change that takes place in brain when memories for is called engram |
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