Term
| why are sterotypes objectionable? (2) |
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Definition
1. implicit ethnocentrism (if jews are tight with money, rest of us spend money better)
2. implication that perceived differences are inborn and unalterable. |
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Term
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Definition
| the "picture in our heads" |
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Term
| name two consequences of categorical thinking |
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Definition
ingroup favortism
- outgorup homogeneity |
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Term
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Definition
| individal's slef conepct that is based on KNOWLEDGE of one's group memebrship and the VALUE and EMOTIONAL significance attached to that membership. |
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Term
| what are the 4 assumuptions of the social idenity theory? |
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Definition
- people categorize the soical world into in groups and out groups
- part of our self concept is defined in terms of group affiliation
- people strive for postive self-concept
- people prefer to view memebers of ingroup positively rather than negatively (we want to be associated with a group that is viewed in pos light) |
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Term
| can we control autmatic activation of sterotypes? |
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Definition
| motivation and devoting cognitive sesources could lead to suppression of sterotypes |
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Term
| how are sterotypes used to justify ingroup's behaviour towards out groups? |
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Definition
- sterotypes serve as way of refelcting social reality
- stertoypes serve as way of perpetuating existing intergroup relationships (so its sterotype if you take result of sterotype as inherent) |
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Term
| what role to expectancies play for the person who is holding the sterotype? |
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Definition
| holding sterotypes creates tendcies to confirm our biases and overlook inconsistent information |
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Term
| self fullfilling propheicies |
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Definition
| evidence indicates that some actions by the person who holds the steriotype provoke the confirmatory behaviour in the target person |
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Term
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Definition
| as member of category, when you're aware of sterotype aginst you, it creates angiexty |
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Term
| 4 methods for reducing group bias |
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Definition
increase contact
re-categorization
crossing categoires
de-categorization |
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Term
| 3 conditions under which contact with members of diff group leads to reduction of tension or hostiliy |
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Definition
cooperation
equal staus participation
active social norms in support of change in attitudes |
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Term
| describe re-categorization |
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Definition
| form new new group with crosss categorical memberships. ie mulsim americans and christens in iraqi |
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Term
| describe de-cateogirzation |
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Definition
| form personalized contact and de-emphasize group identites (be motivated to like this member) |
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