Term
| a loss of reading ability due to brain damage |
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| an aspect of aphasia, usually Broca's aphasia, in which the affected persons lose some of their syntactic processing ability. This dysfunction is most evident in the lack of grammatical structure in their speech. |
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| a brain dysfunction involving great difficulty in retrieving words |
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| loss of one or more aspects of language ability due to brain damage |
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| a region of the left frontal lobe of the brain that plays an important role in grammatical processing |
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| characterized by short sentences, exaggerated intonation, and very clear articulation. |
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| a procedure used to test the speech recognition abilities of infants. The infants are rewarded for looking a certain way or direction. |
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Definition
| Conditioned head turn preference |
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| a band of neural fibers that connects the two hemispheres of the brain |
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| a type of language that develops among children whose language exposure consists of a rudimentary language, or pidgin |
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| a period of life in which a particular behavior or skill, such as internalizing the rules of grammar, must be acquired if acquisition is to proceed normally |
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| a reading disorder, caused by brain damage, in which the affected person is unable to use spelling-to-sound correspondence to recognize words |
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| the most convincing type of evidence for concluding that two abilities are differentiated in the brain. |
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| children reared in conditions that isolated them from human contact |
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| a technique that uses powerful magnetic fields to obtain a record of the parts of the brain most active during performance of a particular cognitive task |
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Definition
| Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) |
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Term
| deceased or eliminated a response to a stimulus due to repeated presentation of the stimulus |
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| a technique for investigating speech recognition in infants. The rate of sucking on a pacifier determines if an infant perceives a stimulus as familiar or novel. |
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| a single word utterance that a child uses to express an entire proposition |
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| the gestural system invented by young deaf children as they try to communicate with their hearing parents |
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| another term for child-directed speech (CDS) |
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| the idea that children assume that an object can have only one label. This may help children assign meanings to novel words. |
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Definition
| Mutual exclusivity assumption |
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Term
| a general term for a set of techniques, such as CT or fMRIs, that are used to reveal brain structure and the locations of brain lesions |
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| a child's usage of a word to refer to a wider set of referents than the word's real meaning allows |
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| an error in which a valid linguistic rule is applied to an exception word, (somebody taked my candy) |
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| a simplified, rudimentary communication system that is developed when speakers of different languages must cooperate |
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| the basic parts of sign. they play the same role as phonemes in spoken language. (i.e. hand configuration) |
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| the idea that the pattern of stresses, pauses, and intonation in spoken language can be used as a cue to the segmentation of an utterance |
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Definition
| Prosodic bootstrapping hypothesis |
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Term
| babababa in which an infant produces the same consonant-vowel sequence over and over |
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| a disorder in which a person has very poor language skills, particularly in terms of syntactic ability, yet performs normally on nonverbal tests of intelligence |
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Definition
| Specific language impairment (SLI) |
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Term
| people whose corpus callosum has been surgically in an attempt to control seizures |
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| a reading disorder, caused by brain damage, in which the affected person must carefully sound out each word. It results in slow, nonfluent reading and great difficulty in recognizing words with irregular spelling |
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| a stage of language production in which children use simple two- or three-word utterances that omit the function words |
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| bababa in which an infant produces a string of different syllables, as in (dadudomimu) with a sentence-like intonation |
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| a region of the left temporal lobe of the brain that plays a key role in language comprehension |
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| a rare metabolic disorder that results in profound cognitive deficits coupled with generally well-preserved language abilities |
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| the idea that children assume that a new label uttered in the context of an object refers to the whole object rather than to a part of the object |
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