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| People with bigger faster brains will be smarter |
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| Study of bumps in the brain to see if you will be a criminal. Brain size is related to intelligence outlet |
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| Contains Myelinated Axion Tracts |
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| Contains Neuro Cell Bodies |
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| Specific to intelligence. Working memory tasks activate the frontal lobe |
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| People with brain damage in the frontal lobe scored below average on intelligence tests. They scored lower than people with Brain damage in other areas of the brain besides the frontal lobe. |
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| Test where the person has to recall the last 3 numbers of a list of numbers that was called out to them and that they didn't know where the list would end |
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| People who had an active Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex did better on the Raven's IQ test . |
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Structural MRI
Is intelligence a function of overall brain capacity? |
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Definition
| Created tasks that measured the surface area of people's brains. Doing well on the tasks predicted how well they would do on IQ tests. |
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Term
| What parts of the brain are actively being used? |
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Definition
| The more difficult the task the more parts of the brain you will most likely use. |
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| How did people with brain damage do on certain tests? |
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| The red spots on the brain chart represent what part of the brain is important for that specific task. (These findings were different from other researchers because they used specific types of IQ rather than general) |
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| Big brain vs. Little brain in young children |
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| When you are young having a small brain is beneficial but in late childhood having a big brain is more beneficial. |
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| Biological is based on structure and function |
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| Focuses more on the chemicals in the brain |
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| If you have more dopamine you are more likely to be excitable. People with Parkinson's disease have low dopamine and they don't move much at all. Cocaine increases dopamine and gets you rammed up. |
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| If you have high serotonin you are not concerned about punishment. If you have low serotonin you are really concerned about punishment. |
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| If you have high levels of this you are less likely to be dependent on rewards. If you have low levels of it you are more likely to be reward dependent, be clingy and need people to validate you. |
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| Most other people looked at genetics and didn't think the things Cloniger came up with were true |
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| Cloniger's Theory and Genes |
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Definition
| They looked at 59 genes and how they relate to personality traits. |
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| This says that knowledge increases across generations. |
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| Give the test to a nationally representative group and make the average 100 so you can compare people to the general population |
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| The Netherlands and The Flynn Effect |
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Definition
| Netherlands requires people to take an IQ test when they register for the draft. They could see if people were gaining in intelligence scores. The number of men who got 24/30 rose dramatically over the years. |
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| Results of Netherlands Draft Tests |
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Definition
| They found that all the people were getting smarter, even the people who are already smart. The general factor of intelligence is increasing |
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| Flynn felt that you can't place people based on intelligence because the test aren't properly normed. |
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| The idea that we can't use IQ because of race differences, etc. |
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Neisser- What can explain the IQ gains?
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| They found out that the cause of the gains was more of a mix between all of the different categories which include test taking sophistication, nutrition, schooling, child-rearing practices and the visual and technical environment |
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