Term
| what are the two basic childhood needs? |
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Definition
| safety (the need for security and safety) and satisfaction (need for food, water, and sleep) |
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Term
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Definition
| anything parents do that undermines a child's security |
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Term
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Definition
| psychological state that exists when basic hostility is repressed. It's the general feeling that everything and everyone in the world is potentially dangerous and that one is helpless relative to those dangers |
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Term
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Definition
feeling generated in a child is needs for safety and satisfaction are not consistently and lovingly attended to by the parents
EG: I have to repress my hostility towards you because I need you(helplessness)/am afraid of you(fear) |
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Term
| parental mistreatment examples |
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Definition
| indifference toward the child, rejection of the child, hostility toward the child, obvious preference for a sibling, unfair punishment, ridicule, humiliation, erratic behavior, unkept promises, and isolation of the child from others |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| need for affection and approval |
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Definition
| lives to be loved and admired by others "center of gravity in others and not in self, with their wishes and opinions the only thing that counts; dread of self-assertion; dread of hostility on the part of others or of hostile feelings within self |
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Term
| need for a partner who will run one's life |
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Definition
| a person emphasizing this need must be affiliated with someone who will protect him from danger and fulfill all of his needs. "love is supposed to solve all problems" dread of desertion and being alone |
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Term
| need to live one's life within narrow limits |
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Definition
| conservative, avoiding defeat by attempting very little. Necessity to be undermanding and contented with little, and to restrict ambitions and wishes for material things: necessity to remain inconspicuous and to take second place: belittling of existing faculties and potentialities with modesty the supreme values |
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Term
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Definition
| glorifies strength and despises weakness "domination over others craved for its own sake, essential disrespect for others, their individuality, their dignity, their feelings, the only concern being their subordination: dread of uncontrollable situations and helplessness |
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Term
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Definition
| dreads being taken advantage of by others but thinks nothing of taking advantage of the "others evaluated primarily according to whether or not they can be exploited or made use of; pride in exploitive skill; dread of being exploited and being stupid. |
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Term
| need for social recognition and prestige |
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Definition
| lives to be recognized-EG: to have his/her name in the paper. The highest goal is to gain prestige. "All things-inanimate objects, money, persons, one's own qualities, activities, and feelings evaluated only according to their prestige value |
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Term
| need for personal admiration |
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Definition
| lives to be flattered and complimented; wants others to see him/her in accordance with the idealized image he/she has of himself. Need to be admired not for what one possesses or presents in the public eye, but for the imagined self; self-evaluation dependent on living up to this image and on admiration of it by others |
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Term
| need for ambition and personal achievement |
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Definition
| intense interest in becoming famous, rich, or important regardless of the costs. Need to surpass others not through what one presents or is but through one's activities; self-evalutation dependent on being the very best- lover, sportsman, writer, working-particularly in one's own mind, recognition by others being vital too and it's absence resented |
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Term
| need for self-sufficiency and independence |
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Definition
| goes to great extremes to avoid being obligated to anyone and doesn't want to be tied down; enslavement is avoided; dread needing others, ties, closeness, and love |
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Term
| need for perfection and unassailability |
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Definition
| attempts to be flawless because of hypersensitivity to criticism. feelings of superiority over others because of being perfect; dread of finding flaws within self or of making mistakes; dread of criticisms or reproaches |
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Term
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Definition
| when one's idealized self is substituted for the real self, one's behavior is governed by several unrealistic "shoulds" |
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Term
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Definition
| self that is healthy and conductive to positive growth, real self could be distorted by the basic evil which causes a person to view himself negatively and attempt to escape for it |
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Term
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Definition
| fictitious view of oneself with its list of "shoulds" that displaces the real self in the neurotic personality. |
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Term
| living in accordance with the real-self leads to what? |
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Definition
| self-realization: a person approximates their full potential and live in harmony with their fellow humans |
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Term
| basic evil often leads to the creation of what? |
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Definition
| idealized self: escape from reality-unrealistic, immutable dream |
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Term
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Definition
viewing everything of importance occuring outside of oneself
the tendency to experience internal processes as if they occurred outside oneself and, as a rule, to hold these external factors responsible for one's difficulties. |
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Term
| externalization is related to which of Freud's ego defense mechanisms? |
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Definition
| projection- different because with horney, he is unaware of attitudes towards himself. EG: may feel that other people are angry at him when actually he himself is angry at himself. |
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Term
| auxiliary approaches to artificial harmony |
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Definition
| blind spots, compartmentalization, rationalism, excessive self-control, arbitrary rightness, elusiveness, cynicism |
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Term
| which auxiliary approach refers to ignoring factors not in accordance with one's idealized self? |
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Definition
| blind spots; similar to Freud's ego-defense mechanism of denial of reality |
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Term
| which auxiliary approach refers to situational rules and ethics? |
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Definition
compartmentalization; dividing one's life into various components
EG: one set of rules is for one's family, and another for one's business, another for enemies |
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Term
| which auxiliary approach to logical, plausible justifications, and excuses? |
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Definition
| rationalism; compliant types must offer such excuses for acts of aggression and hostile types must offer them for acts of kindness |
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Term
| which auxiliary approach refers to controlling expressions of emotion? |
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Definition
| excessive self-control; the goal here is to maintain rigid self-control at all costs and won't allow themselves to be carried away |
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Term
| which auxiliary approach refers to rigid dogmatics? |
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Definition
| arbitrary rightness; the neurotic chooses one solution and declares that the problem is solved and the debate is over. To the neurotic, the "truth" is what position they take and they no longer need to wory about what is right and wrong |
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Term
| which auxiliary approach refers to indecision and lack of commitment? |
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Definition
| elusiveness; opposite of arbitrary rightness, the neurotic seldom makes decisions about anything; If one is not committed to anything, one cannot be wrong, and thus cannot be criticized; viscous one moment and sympathetic the next |
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Term
| which auxiliary approach refers to failure to believe in anything? |
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Definition
| cynicism; the neurotic doesn't believe in anything and take pleasure in pointing out the meaningless things; believed it grew out of repeated failures associated with previous beliefs. |
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Term
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Definition
to bring the patient back in touch with his/her real self .
not to create perfect humans, but rather to help persons who have been diverted from their self-realization process to become "real" people again instead of fictitious ones. |
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Term
| characteristics of self-analysis |
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Definition
express himself as completely and frankly as possible
become aware of his/her unconscious driving forces and their influences on his/her life
to develop the capacity to change those attitudes that are disturbing his relations with himself and the world |
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Term
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Definition
| unoriginal contributions, little empirical support, and disregard of healthy persons |
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Term
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Definition
| original ideas, self-analysis, and feminine psychology |
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Term
| what are the foundations of feminine psychology? |
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Definition
| anatomy is destiny (gender determines personality/early in her theorizing), anatomy is not density (later in her theorizing) womb envy opposite of penis envy (stronger than the penis envy because men more often depreciate women), and feminism (women envy and desire ability to influence and participate in culture freely, as opposed to the penis envy) |
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Term
| what are the attempts at coping (neurotic solutions to interpersonal conflicts)? |
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Definition
| moving toward, moving against, and moving away |
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Term
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Definition
| (self-effacement); accepts his/her own helplessness and becomes compliant. "If I give in I shall not be hurt" and the types is compliant. Needs 1-3 |
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Term
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Definition
| (expansion); this reflects an expansive solution relating to others, as the neurotic rebels against others to protect oneself from a threatening environment. "If I have power, no one can hurt me" this the the hostile type. Needs 4-8 |
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Term
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Definition
| (resignation); this reflects a resignation solution relating to others, as the neurotic detaches oneself from others. "If I withdraw, nothing can hurt me" this is the detached type. Needs 9-10 |
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Term
| How do neurotics and healthy people experience attempts to coping differently? |
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Definition
| neurotic chooses just one at the expense of the other two |
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Term
| horney considered the satisfaction of the _______ needs to be most important for healthy personality development |
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Definition
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Term
| which of the following adjustment patterns does the compliant type use? |
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Definition
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Term
| for the neurotic, the real self is viewed as... |
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Definition
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Term
| according to horney, neurotics must use ________ to deal with the inevitable conflicts as they try to live their lives in accordance with their idealized selves |
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Definition
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Term
| horney's concept of _______ involves dividing one's life into various components with different rules applying to different components |
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Definition
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Term
| horney's major criticism with Freud's theory was that... |
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Definition
| it was designed to deal with problems specific to a certain country at a certain time in history |
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Term
| the child who seems to say, "I have to repress my hostility because I need you" is repressing hostility because of... |
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Definition
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Term
| true or false: Horney believed that males often display motherhood envy |
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Definition
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Term
| according to horney, the major goal of psychotherapy is to... |
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Definition
| replace the idealized self with the real self |
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Term
| in early writings, horney contented that a source of trouble in marriage was the... |
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Definition
| remnants of the male and females oedipal complexes |
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Term
| indifference toward the child, unkept promises to the child, and ridicule of the child exemplifies what? |
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Definition
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Term
| who lives in accordance with the tyranny of the should? |
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Definition
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Term
| what involves ignoring certain aspects of experience because they are not in accordance with one's idealized self-image |
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Definition
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Term
| to the person utilizing __________, the worst thing a person can be is indecisive or ambiguous |
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Definition
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Term
| horney's theory has been criticized for what? |
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Definition
| not being very original, not stimulating much research, and ignoring healthy individuals |
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Term
| ______ involves guarding against anxiety by maintaining rigid self-control at all costs |
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Definition
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Term
| concerning one's ability to change one's personality, horney was... |
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Definition
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Term
| according to horney, the major goal of psychotherapy is to... |
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Definition
| replace the idealized self with the real self |
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Term
| Horney created her own organization called the American Institute for psychoanalysis because |
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Definition
| the difference between her point of view and that of the Freudians was too great |
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Term
| the child who experiences the basic evil develops _____ toward his/her parents |
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Definition
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Term
| the normal person tends to deal with _____ of the 10 neurotic needs, whereas the neurotic tends to deal with _________ |
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Definition
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Term
| if a child experiences the basic evil its ________ is displaced by __________ |
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Definition
| real self - its idealized self |
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Term
| if a child experiences the basic evil its ________ is displaced by __________ |
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Definition
| real self - its idealized self |
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Term
| horney referred to ________ as a process of self-elimination |
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Definition
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Term
| concerning the contention that anatomy is destiny between Freud and Horney... |
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Definition
Freud: believed it
Horney: believed it early in her career |
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Term
| what term was used to describe the neurotic's development? |
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Definition
| locked into a vicious circle |
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Term
| what did Horney find to be a major obstacle to effective therapy? |
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Definition
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Term
| According to horney's early work, the major obstacle to a long-lasting, positive sexual relationship within marriage is... |
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Definition
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Term
| when basic hostility generalizes to the entire world and all it's people it's called... |
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Definition
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Term
| according to horney, a child with basic anxiety is on their way to becoming a... |
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Definition
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Term
| according to horney, if people live in accordance with their ___________, they are on the road to self-realization |
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Definition
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Term
| horney's concept of ______ is similar to Freud's concept of projection but is more general |
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Definition
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Term
| ________ is the opposite of arbitrary rightness |
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Definition
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Term
| like freud, horney stressed the importance of ... |
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Definition
| early childhood experiences |
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Term
| a child may repress his/her basic hostility toward his/her parents because of feelings of.... |
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Definition
| fear, love, and helplessness |
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Term
| according to horney, _________ feels that he should feel, wishes what he should wish, and likes what he should like |
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Definition
| the person living in accordance with an illustionary, idealized self |
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Term
| horney didn't find _________ problems to be a source of concern during the depression in America |
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Definition
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