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| Psychology (new definition) |
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| the science of the behavior and mental processes |
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| Psychology (old definition) |
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Blood, breath, spirit, life, ghost
*mind |
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| Word, reason, a cosmic force giving the universe reason and order, * the study of... |
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Affect, -mental process
Behavior,
Cognition - mental process |
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| The observable or measurable activity of the organism |
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| The processes involved in knowing |
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| An inferred and therefore unobserved condition, process or structure |
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| A definition items of observation, measurements, operations to be preformed |
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| To convert physical energy into nerve impulses |
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| To interpret and give meaning to sensory input |
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| The birth of modern psy? (year and name) |
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Structuralism - The science of the structure of consciousness
Founder: Wilhelm Wundt
1870
1st experimental lab in psy
Study of consciousness: Awareness, Experience, Mental Processes
Method: Analytic Introspection
Mental Chemistry |
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Functionalism - The science of the functions of consciousness
Founder William James
late 1870
Stream of consciousness
Consciousness - 1) is always changing
2) has a direction, a
goal |
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Gestalt psy - the science of the Gestalt's in consciousness
Founder: Koffka, Wertheimer, Kohler,
1912
Gestalt: Whole, form, shape, pattern |
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the science of unconsciousness mental forces (in conflict)
Founder: Sigmund Freud
1895 (late 1880s)
Iceberg model of the mind
Repression - the blocking of therating mental material from awareness
Impulses that get repressed: Sex,
Aggression
(Anger) |
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Behaviorism - The science of Behavior
Founder: John Watson, Ivan Pavlov, Skiher
1913
3promises
1) Psy mast be a science
2) Science is founded on observations
3) Consciousness can not be observed
Against
Consciousness
Introspection = Not observable
Unconsciousness
S-R PSYCHOLOGY
S --------- R
Stimulus Response |
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Unconscious mental force
Repression
Iceberg model
Intrapsychic conflict |
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Environmentalism
Learning
S-R model
Conditioning
Determinism
1)All events are caused
2)All causes produce an inevitable effect |
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| The primary forces shaping behavior as the environment |
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| The principals of cause an effect |
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Cognitive processes
Perception
Thinking
Memory
Schema |
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| A preconceived of perceiving things |
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Phenomenology-the study of phenomena
Noumenon-reality in and of itself
Phenomenon-the experience of Noumenon
Emphasis on the individuals unique perception
Self-concept - the picture I have on myself
Self actualization - the tendency to fulfill one's potential
Free will - the absence of determinism |
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A method for getting knowledge based on:
1 empiricism
2 replicability |
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| The belief that the best (or only) way to get knowledge is to observe |
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| All observations must be repeatable |
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| Are real relationship in which change in one variable is regularly associated with change in another variable (smt that may change) |
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Is a function of motivation =
=f(motivation) |
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Scientific seek of discover functions
Positive Negative
^^ or VV ^v or v^ |
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| One variable causes another to change |
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| One variable does not causes another to change |
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| Manipulated by the researchers |
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| Affected by the independent variable |
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| The group that receives the experimental treatment |
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The group that receives no treatment
Provides some baseline against which to compare the performance or response of the experimental group |
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| Any factor that affects the dependent variable along with, or instead of, the independent variable |
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| Uncontrolled or uncontrollable factors that affect the dependent variable along with, or instead of the independent variable |
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Carry nerve impulses between neurons
Form neural network
Form the junction of memory |
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Receive nerve impulses
Detect nerve impulses |
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| Holds neurons together and helps them communicate with each other |
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| Cells that sends and receives messages |
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Network of billions of cells that detects what is going inside or outside the body
Guides appropriate responses |
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Electromechanical impulse
Speed 5-206 miles/hour
1000 times per second |
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| Short period after cell flirting, during which the cell can not fire again |
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Memory, movement
Alzheimer's disease |
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Movement, reward
Parkinson's disease, schizophrenia |
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Inhibits nerve impulses (sleep, movement)
Epilepsy, Huntington's disease |
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| Give pleasure and relief pain |
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