Shared Flashcard Set

Details

pshychology
exam-2
30
Psychology
Undergraduate 3
09/25/2010

Additional Psychology Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term

 

 

 

cephalocaudal pattern

Definition
The  swquence in which the earliest growth always occurs at the top- the head- with physical growth in size, weight, and feature differentiation gradually working from top to bottom
Term

 

 

 

proximo distal pattern

Definition
the sequence in which  growth starts at the center of the body and moves toward the extremities.
Term

frontal lobes

occipital lobes

temporal lobes

parietal lobes

Definition

fl--- voluntary movement, thinking, personality and intentionality or purpose

 

ol--- vision

 

tl -- active role in hearing, language processing and memory

 

pl-- registering spatial location, attention and motor control.

Term

 

 

 

lateralization

Definition
specialization of funciton i one hemisphere of the cerebral cortex or the other
Term

 

 

 sudden infant death syndrome (SIDs)

 

 

 

Definition
a condition that occurs when an infant stops breathing, usually during the night, and suddenly dies without an apparent cause.
Term

 

 

marasmus

Definition

a wasting away of body tissues in the infant's first year, caused by severe protein- calorie deficiency

 

infant underweight and  muscles atrophy.

Term

 

 

 

Kwashiorkor

Definition
A condition caused by severe protein deficiency in which the child's abdomen and feet become swollen with water: usually appears between 1 to 3 years of age.
Term

 

 

 

dynamic systems theory

Definition

 

 

 

 the perspective on motor develpment that seeks to explain how motor behaviors are assembled for perceiving and acting.

Term

 

 

 

reflexes

Definition

 

 

 

Built- in reactions to stimuli that govern the newborn's movements, which are automatic and beyond the newborn's control.

Term

 

 

 

 rooting reflex

Definition

 a newborn's built- in reation that occures when the infant's cheek is stroed or the side of the mouth is touched.

 

in respose, the infant turns his or her head toward the side that was touched, in an apparent effort to find something to suck.

Term

 

 

 

sucking reflex

 

Definition

a newborn's built-in reaction to automatically suck an object placed in its mouth.

 

The sucking reflex enables the infant to get nourishment before he or she has associated a nipple with food and also serves as a self- soothing or self-regulating mechanism.

Term

 

 

 

Moro reflex

Definition

A neonatal startle response that occurs in reaction to a sudden. 

Intense noise or movement.

 

When startled, the newborn arches its back, throws its head back, and  flings out its arms and legs.

 

Then the newborn rapidly closes its arms and legs to the center of the body.

 

Term
grasping reflex
Definition

A neonatal reflex that occurs when something touches the infant's palms

the infant responds by grasping tightly.

Term

 

 

 

 gross motor skills

Definition

 

 

Motor skills that involve large-muscle activities.

 such as walking.

Term

 

 

 

fine motor skills

Definition

 

 

 

 Motor skills that involve more finely tuned movements, such as finger dexterity.

Term

 

 

 

sensation

Definition

 

 

 

The product of the interaction between information and the sensory receptors- the eyes,ears, tongue, nostrils and skin.

Term

 

 

 

Perception

Definition

 

 

 

 

the interpretation of what is sensed.

Term

 

 

 

 ecological view

Definition

 

 

 

the view that perception functions to bring organisms in contact with the environment and to increase adaptation.

Term

 

 

 

 

affordances

Definition

 

 

Opportunities for interaction offered by objects that fit within our capabilities to perform functional activities

Term

 

 

 

visual preference method

Definition

 

 

 

A method used to determine whether infants can distinguish one stimulus from another by measuring the length of time they attend to defferent stimuli.

Term

 

 

 

 

habituation

Definition

 

 

 

Decreased responsiveness to a stimulus after repeated presentations of the stimulus.

 

Term

 

 

 

 

dis habituation

Definition

 

 

 

Recovery of a habituated response after a change in stimulation.

Term

 

 

 

size constancy

Definition

 

 

 

The recognition that an object remains the same even though

the retinal image of the object changes as you move toward or away from the object.

Term

 

 

 

Shape constancy

Definition

 

 

 

 

The recognition that an object's shape remains the same even though its orientation to us changes.

Term

 

 

 

 

Intermodal perception

Definition

 

 

 

 

The ability to relate and integrate information from two or more sensory modalities, such as vision and hearing.

Term

 

 

 

schemes

Definition
In piaget's theory, actions or mental representations that organize knowledge.
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