Term
| both Vibrio cholera and Pseudomonas aeruginosa are what Gram stain and commonly associated with what natural element? |
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Definition
| negative gram stain. associated with water |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| which one is opportunistic? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| iron chelator (siderophore) made by pseudomonas |
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Term
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Definition
| pseudomonas is an example. it means it degrades dead matter |
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Term
| does pseudomonas make a biofilm? |
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Definition
| Yes, 90-99% of bugs make biofilms! Pseudomonas has quorum sensing abilities (flagella are turned off in the biofilm) |
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Term
| what is the rationale behind quorum sensing? |
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Definition
| it doesnt want to turn on genes it doesnt need to be on. Allows them to fly under the radar of the immune system until their numbers are great |
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Term
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Definition
| secreted by pseudomonas to protect it from macrophages (also used in making the biofilm) |
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Term
| is pseudomonas a problem if you are healthy? |
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Definition
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Term
| who gets infected with P. aeruginosa? |
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Definition
| Compromised hosts (cuz its opportunistic) |
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Term
| why does Cystic Fibrosis (as in CFTR defect) lead to P. aeruginosa infections? |
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Definition
| bug sets up camp by binding to the ion channel and is endocytosed into the epithelial cell |
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Term
| can you find P. aeruginosa on flowers? |
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Definition
| YES (commonly in flowers at hospitals) |
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Term
| what kind of toxin does Vibrio cholera produce? |
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Definition
| enterotoxin (causing copious diarrhea) |
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Term
| T/F: there are hundreds of strains of V. cholera that DON'T cause disease |
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Definition
| True. (El Tor is pathogenic strain) |
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Term
| how many chromosomes are in El Tor? |
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Definition
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Term
| gram stain and shape of Vibrio cholera? |
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Definition
| gram-, curved, and VERY motile! |
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Term
| does Vibrio cholera have genes specifically for infection in the human host? |
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Definition
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Term
| how many organisms of Vibrio cholera are needed for an infectious dose? |
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Definition
| 10^8 to 10^10 bugs (mainly because the bug is sensitive to low pH) |
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Term
| What is meant by "rice water" |
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Definition
| description of stools from those infected with V. cholera |
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Term
| how does the Cholera Toxin work? |
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Definition
| binds to Adenylate cyclase (keeping it stuck in the "On" position, thus raising the cAMP levels which then turn on Cl- pumps and water follows the Cl- out of cell. |
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Term
| what is the best treatment for V. cholera infection? |
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Definition
| Oral rehydration that has glucose/salt in it. (good test question) |
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