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| The number of blocs of states that exert power in the international system (measures power) |
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| The uneven division of resources among different groups of states- international system is stratified according to which states have vital resources (e.g. oil, military strength or economic power). |
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| An international system in which there are two great powers or blocs of roughly equal strength or weight. |
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| Several states- at least three or more- enjoy relative equal power. |
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| Hegemonic Stability Theory |
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| Theorists claim that unipolarity, or dominance by a hegemon, leads to the most stable international system. |
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| An international system in which states enjoy relatively equal power, equal power, states form alliances or make policies to counteract the acquisition of power by other states, and no one state is able to dominate the international system. |
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| An organized political unit that has a geographic territory, a stable population, and a government to which the population owes allegiance and that is legally recognized by other states. |
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| The entity formed when people sharing the same historical, cultural, or linguistic roots form their own state with borders, a government, and international recognition; trend began with French and American Revolutions. |
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| A group of people sharing a common language, history, or culture. |
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| Devotion and allegiance to the nation and the shared characteristics of its peoples; used to motivate people to patriotic acts, sometimes leading a group to seek dominance over another group. |
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| The authority of the state, based on recognition by other states and by nonstate actors, to govern matters within its own borders that affect its people, economy, security, and form of government. |
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| Ability to influence others and also to control outcomes so as to produce results that would not have occurred naturally. |
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| Force nations or peoples to control the collective goods (Ex- Forcing people to limit # of children) |
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| The policy of maintaining a large military force and arsenal to discourage any potential agressor from taking action; States commit themselves to punish an aggressor state. |
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| Policy of threatening or intimidating an adversary in order to get it to either take or refrain from taking a particular action. |
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| Credible information, expertise, and moral authority that attracts the attention and admiration of government's and the public |
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| Geography, National resources, and population. |
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| National Image, Public Support, Leadership |
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| The practice of states trying to influence the behavior of other states by bargaining, negotiating, taking specific noncoercive actions or refraining from such actions, or appealing to the foreign public for support of a position. |
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| Termed by political scientist Robert Putnam, bargaining and negotiations are complex processes, complicated by at least two critical factors: 1)Most states carry our two levels of bargaining simultaneously:international bargaining between and among states and the bargaining that must occur between the state's negotiators and its variousdomestic constituencies, both to arrive at a negotiating position and to ratify the agreement reached by 2 states. |
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| Unofficial overtures by private individuals or groups to try and resolve an ongoing international civil war. |
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| While considering one's own action good, moral, and just, the enemy is automatically found to be evil, immoral and unjust; tendancy of individuals or groups to see in one's opponent the opposite characteristics as those seen in one's self. |
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| The tendency for small groups to form a consensus and resist criticism of a core position, often disregarding contradictory information in the process; group may ostracize members holding a different position. |
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| The tendency to look for details in a contemporary situation that are similar to information previously obtained. |
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| The organized and integrated perceptions of individuals in a society, including foreign-policy decision makers, often based on past history, that guide them to select certain policies over others. |
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| The process of helping a state create administrative structures and capacity. |
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| The demands of ethnonationalist groups to take political control of territory historically or ethnically related to them be separating from their parent state or taking territory from other states. |
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| In decision making theory, the tendency of states and their leaders to settle for the minimally acceptable solution, not the best possible outcome, in order to reach a consensus and formulate a policy. |
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| The process of increasing integration of the world in terms of economics, politics, communications, social relations, and culture; increasingly undermines traditional state sovereignty. |
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| The rules, norms, and procedures that are developed by states and international organizations our of their common concerns and are used to organize common activities. |
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| Public goods that are available to all regardless of individual contribution. (e.g. the air, oceans, antarctica- but that no one own or is individually responsible for; with collective goods, decisions by one group or state have effects on other groups or states. |
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| The tendency of individuals to accept information that is compatible with what has previously been accepted, often by ignoring inconsistent information; linked to the desire of individuals to be consistent in their attitudes. |
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| Rational Model of Foreign Policy Decision Making |
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| Foreign Policy is conceived of as actions chosen by the national government that maximize its strategic goals and objectives (state as unitary actor) |
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| Occurs among members of the bureaucracy representing different interests. Decisions determined by bureaucratic politics flow from the pull and haul, or tug-of-war, among those departments, groups, or individuals. |
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| Emphasizes the standard operating procedures and processes of an organization; depends heavily on precedents. |
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| Attributes decisions to bargaining conducted among domestic sources- the public interest groups, mass movements, and multinational corporations; these interests are generally channeled through democratic institutions like legislatures or persons holding elective positions. |
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| Detailed written instructions to achieve uniformity of the performance of a specific function across studies and patients at an individual site. |
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| States join together with other states, each surrendering some pieces of sovereignty; achieves peace, otherwise war would be caused by sov, and root of war eliminated and military competition. |
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| Functionalists believe war is caused by economic deprivation and disparity, and promote building on and expanding the habits of cooperation nurtured by groups of technical experts, outside of formal state channels. |
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| Nongovernmental Organizations (NGOs) |
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| Private associations of individuals or groups that engage in political, economic, or social activities usually across national borders. |
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| Intergovernmental Organizations (IGOs) |
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| International agencies or bodies established by states and controlled by member states that deal with areas of common interest. |
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| International Court of Justice (ICG) |
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| International Criminal Court (ICC) |
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| Innovative court having both compulsory jurisdiction and jurisdiction over individuals covers crimes of: genecide, humanity, war crimes, and crimes of agression (18 justices) |
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| International Criminal Court (ICC) |
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| Innovative court having both compulsory jurisdiction and jurisdiction over individuals covers crimes of: genecide, humanity, war crimes, and crimes of agression (18 justices) |
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| What are the the sources of international law? |
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-Customs
-Treaties
-Courts (international, national, local)
-Authoritative Bodies |
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| What are the the sources of international law? |
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Definition
-Customs
-Treaties
-Courts (international, national, local)
-Authoritative Bodies |
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| What are the the sources of international law? |
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Definition
-Customs
-Treaties
-Courts (international, national, local)
-Authoritative Bodies |
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| Why would a state join an International Organization |
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| The org. could be used as an instrument of foreign policy, and enhance information available to states. |
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| Why would a state join an International Organization |
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Definition
| The org. could be used as an instrument of foreign policy, and enhance information available to states. |
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| What are the the sources of international law? |
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Definition
-Customs
-Treaties
-Courts (international, national, local)
-Authoritative Bodies |
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