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PS9 Ch.3 States of Matter
Physical Science Holt 2006
16
Science
9th Grade
09/25/2008

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Term
plasma
Definition
in physical science, a state of matter that starts as a gas and then becomes ionized; it consists of free-moving ions and electrons, it takes on an electric charge, and its properties differ from those of a solid, liquid, or gas
Term
energy
Definition
the capacity to do work
Term
thermal energy
Definition
the kinetic energy of a substance's atoms
Term
evaporation
Definition
the change of state from a liquid to a gas
Term
sublimation
Definition
the process in which a solid changes directly into a gas (the term is sometimes also used for the reverse process)
Term
condensation
Definition
the change of state from a gas to a liquid
Term
fluid
Definition
a nonsolid state of matter in which the atoms or molecules are free to move past each other, as in a gas or liquid
Term
buoyant force
Definition
the upward force that keeps an object immersed in or floating on a liquid
Term
pressure
Definition
the amount of force exerted per unit area of a surface
Term
Archimedes' principle
Definition
the principle that states that the buoyant force on an object in a fluid is an upward force equal to the weight of the volume of fluid that the object displaces
Term
pascal
Definition
the SI unit of pressure; equal to the force of 1 N exerted over an area of 1 m2 (symbol, Pa)
Term
Pascal's principle
Definition
the principle that states that a fluid in equilibrium contained in a vessel exerts a pressure of equal intensity in all directions
Term
viscosity
Definition
the resistance of a gas or liquid to flow
Term
Boyle's law
Definition
the law that states that for a fixed amount of gas at a constant temperature, the volume of the gas increases as the pressure of the gas decreases and the volume of the gas decreases as the pressure of the gas increases
Term
Charles's law
Definition
the law that states that for a fixed amount of gas at a constant pressure, the volume of the gas increases as the temperature of the gas increases and the volume of the gas decreases as the temperature of the gas decreases
Term
Gay-Lussac's law
Definition
the law that states that the volume occupied by a gas at a constant pressure is directly proportional to the absolute temperature
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