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| Small exclusive of people which rule on behalf of the people |
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| One person has supreme power |
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| Designed by the us constitution. Open election are taken place to allow voters choose who will govern them. Repblican Governemnt/ Indirect Democracy. |
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| A government in which all citzens participate inmaking policy, law, and governing decsions. |
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| Rights we are born with. Government can't take away. life liberty and property. john locke |
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| People have the ultimate source of power. |
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| Federal law overrides state law when confliting |
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| About how to guard against factions. faction are people with interests contrary to the rest of the community |
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| Addresses the failures of the articles of confederation. the states are on the brink of humiliation. the national government can't enforce its laws because the states cannot be thrown in jail and without an army, the national government cannot enforce taxes on states under articles |
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| the influnce of the federal and state governments compared.Madison stresses that the federal and state governments are two totally different agencies. He articulates that they are separate yet can collaborate together, and that the power lies in the people. The natural attachment of the people will always be to the governments of their respective states, |
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| addresses means by which appropriate checks and balances can be created in government and also advocates a separation of powers within the national government |
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| he essay deals with the question of a plural executive. Hamilton argues that a plural executive, having more than one president, "tends to conceal faults, and destroy responsibility". can't have more than one uy at the top. |
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| 5 slaves = 3 people for the purposes of taxion and representation |
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| 1st admendment part that says governmnet can't respect any religion |
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| Power is divided between central government and political subunits |
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| Articles of Confederations Strengths |
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| helpe forge a feeling of national unity. Congressional departments of Forgeign Affairs, War, Marine, and Treasury were established, each under a secretary were made |
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| small states plan. reatined articles princpal all states have equal representation |
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| Powers retained by the state governemnt |
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| The rebellion is named after Daneil Shays, a veteran of the American Revolution who led the rebels, known as "Shayiest" or "Regulators". Most of Shays's compatriots were poor farmers angered by what they felt to be crushing debt and taxed. Failure to repay such debts often resulted in imprisonment in debborts prison or the claiming of property by the County. |
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| Religous Freedom. governmnet cannot prohibit free exiersice of religion |
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| Large states, 3 seperate branches, including membership porportional to populaton |
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| Powers granted by the constitution |
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| governemnt can't respecting an establishment of religion", prohibiting the free exercise of religion, infringing on the freedom of speech and infringing on the freedom of the press. |
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| The right to keep and bear arms |
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| No Soldier shall, in time of peace be quartered in any house, without the consent of the Owner, nor in time of war, but in a manner to be prescribed by law |
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| The right of the people to be secure in their persons, houses, papers, and effects, against unreasonable searches and seizures, shall not be violated, and no Warrants shall issue, but upon probable cause, supported by Oath or affirmation, and particularly describing the place to be searched, and the persons or things to be seized. |
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| No person shall be held to answer for a capital, or otherwise infamous crime, unless on presentment or indictment of a Grand Jury, except in cases arising in the land or naval forces, or in the Militia, when in actual service in time of War or public danger; nor shall any person be subject for the same offense to be twice put in jeopardy of life or limb; nor shall be compelled in any criminal case to be a witness against himself, nor be deprived of life, liberty, or property, without due process of law; nor shall private property be taken for public use, without just compensation |
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| In all criminal prosecutions, the accused shall enjoy the right to a speedy and public trial, by an impartial jury of the State and district where in the crime shall have been committed, which district shall have been previously ascertained by law, and to be informed of the nature and cause of the accusation; to be confronted with the witnesses against him; to have compulsory process for obtaining witnesses in his favor, and to have the Assistance of Counsel for his defence |
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| In Suits at common law, where the value in controversy shall exceed twenty dollars, the right of trial by jury shall be preserved, and no fact tried by a jury, shall be otherwise re-examined in any Court of the United States, than according to the rules of the common law |
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| Excessive bail shall not be required, nor excessive fines imposed, nor cruel and unusual punishments inflicted |
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| The enumeration in the Constitution, of certain rights, shall not be construed to deny or disparage others retained by the people. |
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| The powers not delegated to the United States by the Constitution, nor prohibited by it to the States, are reserved to the States respectively, or to the people |
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| Connecicut compromise, upper house(equal rep) and lover house(by population) |
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| Brown vs. board of education |
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| 1954 school segergation is unconsitional |
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| govermnent where religion plays a prominment role |
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| positive rights conferred by gvernment on indivduals or groups |
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| specfic individual rights that cannot be denied to citizens by governmet that are garenteed by constitution |
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| policy franklin roosevelt implemented in response to the great depression. transformed presidency into a a permenent buracraacy |
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| 5 step process to pass a bill |
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1 bill is intriduced
2 bill is sent to standung comittee for action
3the bill goes to the full house and senae for consdieration
4 conference commite action
5 presidential action |
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| s a form of obstruction in a legislature or other decision-making body whereby one attempts to delay or entirely prevent a vote on a proposal by extending a debate on that proposal. |
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| is a form of boundary delimitation (redistricting) in which electoral district or constituency boundaries are deliberately modified for electoral purposes, thereby producing a contorted or unusual shape. Gerrymandering may be used to achieve desired electoral results for a particular party, or may be used to help or hinder a particular group of constituents, such a political, racial, linguistic, religious or class group. |
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| A person who isn't a part of or contribute to a certain intrest group that is repersenting his or her needs |
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| Members of diferent groups posses the same rights to participate in the polical system voting, running for office free speech ect |
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outlawed racial segregation in schools, public places, and employment.inculding ones that are privatley home Conceived to help African Americans.
equal employment oppurtunity |
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| the remove the president from office. 1step house by majority vote because the president commited: treason, bibery or other high crimes or misdeminers. 2nd step is a conviction in senate by 2/3 votes. |
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u.s. suprerme court used the due process clause of the 14th admenment. incorportion provived that the state and local governments and federal gov could not deny any rights from the bill of rights
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| How many people in the house and senate |
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435 in house
100 in senate |
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| blacks were so far inferior that they had no rights which the white mas was bound to respect. people of African descent imported into the United States and held as slaves, or their descendants[2]—whether or not they were slaves—were not protected by the Constitution and could never be citizens of the United States. It also held that the United States Congress had no authority to prohibit slavery in federal territories. The Court also ruled that because slaves were not citizens, they could not sue in court. Lastly, the Court ruled that slaves—as chattel or private property—could not be taken away from their owners without due process. The |
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| the presidents constitutional authorityto relive an indivdual of punishment and guilt. |
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| The United States Congress is the bicameral legislature of the federal government of the United States of America, consisting of two houses, the Senate and the House of Representatives. Both senators and representatives are chosen through direct election. |
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| legislative codes laws or sets of rules enacted by duly authorized law making/ the body of non criminal laws of a nation or state that deals with the right s of private citizens |
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| equal and fari treatment of all groups within various institutions in sociey both public and private. |
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| presidenst consitiutional authority to fire and hire thouse with adminstrtive authority to help excute federal laws, most appontments need senate consent |
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| lehalative composed of 2 parts |
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| provides all groups the equla opprtunity to be econmiccally succeful |
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| congresses authority to monitor the activites of agenceys and admintrators |
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| judge made law handed down though judical opinions which over time establish precedents |
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| a perminant committe that exists in both the house and senate, looks over budget, policy, labor, transpotation, forigen affiars |
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| set up to get a resolution for a specfic purpose for a limited amount of time |
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| joint comitte of congress appointed by the house of represetieves and senate to resolve a paricualr bill |
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| the emliniaton of government over sight and government regualtion of certain activities |
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| the process of carrying out laws, and specfic programs or serveces outlined in those laws |
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