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Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol
-any communication in internet takes place over this
-designed by Vent Surf and Bob Conn |
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Transmission Control Protocol
-Guaranteed to arrive at destination |
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1. Send Packet called Syn Packet
2. Server Responds with a Syn Ack
3. Computer sends Ack
Now you can send the information |
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User Datagram Protocol
-connectionless
-best effort, sends the data but
-less reliable but is faster. |
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Internet Protocol
-Assigns the correction destination address to a data packet
-Works at layer 3
-Transmits blocks of data caleld datagrams |
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-Application Layer
-Transport Layer
- Network Layer
- Data-Link Layer
- Physical Layer |
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| DHCP, DNS, FTP, HTTP, POP, IMAP see slide for more |
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Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol
Automatically assigns IP addresses to computers on the network
Uses DORA to communicate
-Discover
-Offer
-Request
-Acceptance |
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Domain Name System
-Matches Domain Names to the IP addresses
1. Sends query to DNS server to see if the IP is already in the cache
(Assume no one knew the IP.)
2. Sends Query to a route server (.) at the end of the URLS we never see
3. That server says they don't know and send him to the .com route server
4. so on and so forth |
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File Transfer Protocol
-for sending and receiving files |
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Hyper Text Transfer Protocol
-The transfer between a web client and a web server
-It is how client and web server talk to each other |
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Post Office Protocol (version 3)
Allows you to connect to a remote email server |
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Simple Mail Transfer Protocol
- Used to send and receive email messages from one email server to another
-We usually just use it for outgoing mail |
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Internet Message Access Protocol
-Maintains connection with the remote server |
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Internet Relay Chat
-real time internet chatting |
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| Used to access remote computers/server and log into it like you are sitting in front of it |
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Secure Shell Handler
-allows data to be exchanged using a secure channel between two computers or a server. It encrypts it. |
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Secure Sockets Layer
-Provides secure communications for web browsing, email, instant messaging and other data transfers. The things for when you visit the bank's website, encrypts. |
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Transport Layer Security
-basically the same as SSL |
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Lightweight Directory Access Protocol
-Application protocol for querying and modifying directory services |
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| IP, ARP, ICMP, RIP, OSPF, IGRP, BGP |
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Address Resolution Protocol
-matches IP address with a MAC address (Data-Link layer address) |
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| You have a Mac Address and need to know the IP address |
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Internet control Message Protocol
-A message control and error reporting protocol
-Ping packet is one of these. |
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| Data Link Layer Protocols |
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Definition
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Term
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Set of standards for a wireless local area (WLAN) computer communication.
-Developed by IEEE 802 LAN/MAN Standards Committee |
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Asynchronous Transfer Mode
-high speed protocol that is usually used in WAN networks
- sends it in fixed sized cells instead of variable sized packets |
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Fiber Distributed Data Interface
-Fiber Optic LAN
-Token Ring
-Developed by ANSI |
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Evolution Data Optimized
-Wireless transmission of data through radio signals (like cell phone towers) |
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Point to Point Protocol
-Used to establish a direct connection between two nodes over a serial cable, phone line, trunk line, cell telephone etc |
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Point to Point Tunneling PRotocol
-Used for implementing VPNs |
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Layer 2 Tunneling Protocol
-Used for tunneling network traffic between two peers over an existing network (usually the internet) |
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| Ethernet Physical Layer, Optical Fiber, Coaxial Cable etc |
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Ways of storing information so you can easily retrieve it and keep it organized.
-Hard drive, CDs, USB keys |
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Hierarchical
-Contains Subdirectories
Flat
-No subdirectories
-Everything on Root Levels
- Inefficient |
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Logs changes eto a journal before committing them to the main file system
-Less Likely to become corrupted in the event of a power failure or system crash |
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| Allow several versions of a file to exist at the same time. |
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-Data about Data
-Useful in searches
- Spotlight, google |
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store info in a specific form, such as icons, the shapes of windows, definitions of menus and their contents and application code
-Can be used to store Metadata |
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File Allocation Table
-Developed by Bill Gates and Marc McDonald
-Introduced with Win95
-Max file size is 4GiB
-Everyone can read and write to it. All OS support it |
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New Technology File System
-created by Microsoft using HPFS concepts in Windows NT
Larger mac file size
not as compatible |
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Hierarchical File System
-Developed Apple Inc |
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Zetaabyte File System
-Designed Sun Microsystems
-Limited OS Support
- Advanced transaction based system elimnates need for Journaling |
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Third Extended File System
-Develped by Dr. Stephen Tweedie
Used by most Linux Distribution |
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Universal Disk Format
-Used mainly for optical media |
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| allows users to create their own file systems without causing any changes to the kernal of the operating system |
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Definition
| allows users to create their own file systems without causing any changes to the kernal of the operating system |
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Clients for remote file access protocol, providing acces to files on a server
-NFS - Network File System
-SMB - Server Message Block |
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