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| Martin, 1483–1546, German theologian and author: leader, in Germany, of the Protestant Reformation. |
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| the act or practice of indulging; gratification of desire. |
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| propositions for debate concerned with the question of indulgences, written (in Latin) and possibly posted by Martin Luther on the door of the Schlosskirche (Castle Church), Wittenberg, on October 31, 1517 |
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| the emergence of modern science during the early modern period, when developments in mathematics, physics, astronomy, biology (including human anatomy) and chemistry transformed views of society and nature. |
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| Italian astronomer and mathematician who was the first to use a telescope to study the stars; demonstrated that different weights descend at the same rate; perfected the refracting telescope that enabled him to make many discoveries (1564-1642) |
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| a Renaissance mathematician and astronomer who formulated a model of the universe that placed the Sun rather than the Earth at the center of the universe. |
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| the astronomical model in which the Earth and planets revolve around the Sun at the center of the Solar System. |
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| A German printer of the fifteenth century, who invented the printing press. Gutenberg also invented the technique of printing with “movable type” — that is, with one piece of type for each letter, so that the type could be reused after a page was printed. |
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