Term
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Definition
A major lineage (phyla) of Bacteria
Includes many of the most commonly encountered bacteria
Most metabolically diverse of all Bacteria
- Chemolithotrophy, chemoorganotrophy, phototrophy
Morphologically diverse
Divided into five classes
- Alpha, Beta, Delta, Gamma, Epsilon |
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Term
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Definition
Phylogenetic group within the Gammaproteobacteria
Facultative aerobes
Motile or non-motile, non-sporulating rods
Possess relatively simple nutritional requirements
Ferment sugars to a variety of end products
Separated into two broad groups by the type and proportion of fermentation products generated by anaerobic fermentation of glucose
- mixed-acid fermenters
- 2,3-butanediol fermenters |
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Term
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Definition
Most ubiquitous
Aerobic, non-fermentative, polar flagella
Bioremediation, biocontrol
Strains: P. aeruginosa, P. fluorescens, P. syringae |
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Definition
UTI, respiratory infections (cystic fibrosis)
Problems in hospitals - nosocomial infections, grow in soaps, antibiotics, burn patients |
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Definition
| food spoilage, facultative psychrophiles, does not grow well at 37C |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
Escherichia
Salmonella and Shigella
Proteus |
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Term
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Definition
Universal inhabitants of intestinal tract of humans and warm-blooded animals
- synthesize vitamins for host
Some strains are pathogenic |
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Term
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Definition
Closely related to Escherichia
Usually pathogenic
Salmonella characterized immunologically by surface antigens |
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Term
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Definition
Genus containing rapidly motile cells; capable of swarming
Frequent cause of UTI in humans |
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Term
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Definition
Cells are motile, straight or curved rods
Facultative aerobes
Fermentative metabolism
Best-known genera are Vibrio, Aliivibria, and Photobacterium
Most inhabit aquatic environments |
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Term
| The Vibrio group continued |
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Definition
Some are pathogenic
Some are capable of light production (bioluminescence)
- catalyzed by luciferase, and oxygen-dependent enzyme
- regulation is mediated by population density (quorum sensing) |
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Term
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Definition
Small, coccoid or rod-shaped cells
Most are obligate intracellular parasites
Causative agent of several human disease
Wolbachia (strain)
- intracellular parasites of arthrapod insects
-- affect the reproductive fitness of hosts |
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Term
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Definition
Abundant in oxic-anoxic interfaces in sulfur-rich environments
- example: hydrothermal vents
Many are autotrophs
- use H2, formate, sulfide, or thiosulfate as electron donor
Pathogenic and non-pathogenic representatives
- Campylobacter and Helicobacter (pathogenic)
- Arcobacter (pathogenic)
- Sulfurospirillum and Thiovulum (non-pathogenic)
- Wolinella succinogenes (found in rumen) |
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