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Protection - skin
a
112
Nursing
Undergraduate 2
12/11/2011

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Term
pruritis
Definition
itching, occurs primarily with various skin disorders, but may ne a manifestation of serious systemic disorders
Term
xerosis
Definition
dry skin
Term
lichenification
Definition
thickening of the skin caused by dry skin
Term
pyoderma
Definition
bacterial infection of the skin
Term
stap - beta hemolytic strep
Definition
pyoderma(bacterial skin infection) is ussually caused by these bacteria
Term
folliculitis
Definition
infection of the hair follicle
Term
furuncles
Definition
pimple to boil caused by infection of hair follicle that spreads into surrounding tissue
Term
carbuncle
Definition
furuncle gone wild
- abcess of skin and subQ tissue invading several hair follicles
Term
neck - buttocks
Definition
common locations for carbuncles
Term
cellulitis
Definition
generalized nonfollicular infection of deeper connective tissue
Term
systemic antibiotics (oral or parenteral)
Definition
cellulitis is treated with ______
Term
erysipelas
Definition
large, well circumscribed, red, raised lesion
- may be vessicles
- painful, itches, burns
Term
strep group A
Definition
erysipelas is ussually caused by this bacteria
Term
face, ears, lower legs
Definition
erysipelas generally occurs on the these three body parts
Term
impetigo
Definition
superficial infection of the skin that is very contagious
Term
impetigo
Definition
bacterial skin infection r/t to poor hygiene or socioeconomics
Term
impetigo
Definition
skin infection characterized by thin walled vessicles that rupture and drain honey yellow fluid, leading to crusts
Term
cephalexin (Keflex)
Definition
systemic antibiotic used to treat skin infections
Term
HSV I
Definition
oral herpes
Term
HSV II
Definition
genital herpes
Term
85
Definition
HSV I accounts for __% of herpes cases
Term
herpetic whitlow herpes
Definition
herpes of the fingertip of medical personnel
- may autoinnoculate from one location to another
Term
primary
Definition
stage of herpes infection that is the initial exposure
Term
nonprimary initial episode
Definition
stage of herpes infection which consists of the initial outbreak of infection for either I or II; USSUALLY SEVERE
Term
recurrent episodes
Definition
stage of herpes infection that consists of subsequent episodes of same virus, less severe than initial episode and may be caused by stress
Term
acyclovir, Valtrex, Famvir
Definition
three antivirals used to treat herpes
Term
5
Definition
maintenance antivirals are used for pts who have __ or more episodes per year
Term
blindness or death
Definition
if genital herpes is transferred to a baby, it can cause _______
Term
herpes zoster (vericella zoster)
Definition
shingles virus
Term
nerve
Definition
herpes zoster virus resides in the ____ root and can be activated by high stress or decreased immunity
Term
shingles - 60 years
Definition
zoster vaccines are given to prevent ______ in those over ____ of age
Term
48 hours
Definition
antivirals are given within the first ____ of s/s of shingles
Term
gabapentin (neurontin)
Definition
medication used to treat post-herpatic neuralgia from shingles
Term
verruca vulgaris
Definition
common wart
Term
verruca plana
Definition
flat wart
Term
human papilloma virus
Definition
virus that causes warts
Term
cimetidine, Echinacea, multivitamins, vitamin C
Definition
four substances used to treat warts systemicly
Term
tinea
Definition
fungal infection caused by dermatophytes
Term
tinea capitus
Definition
fungal dermatophyte infection of the head or hair covered skin
Term
tinea corporis
Definition
fungal dermatophyte infection of skin on the body
Term
tinea cruris
Definition
fungal dermatophyte infection of the groin (JOCK ITCH)
Term
tinea pedis
Definition
fungal dermatophyte infection of the foot (ATHLETES FOOT)
Term
tinea unguium
Definition
fungal dermatophyte infection of the toenails
Term
candidal intertrigo
Definition
yeast infection of axilla, skin folds, inner thighs
Term
pediculosis
Definition
infestation by lice
Term
typhus
Definition
lice may carry ____
Term
pediculosis capitus
Definition
head lice
Term
pediculosis corporis
Definition
body lice
Term
pediculosis pubis
Definition
pubic lice (crabs)
Term
2-3 eggs - 2 months
Definition
the female scabie burrows under the skin and lays ___ eggs daily for ____ then dies
Term
4 weeks
Definition
it takes ____ from the time of contact of scabies for s/s to appear
Term
excretement
Definition
itching continues after scabies treatment due to _____ deposited in the skin
Term
contact dermatitis
Definition
skin inflammation due to direct contact of an irritant or hypersensitivity to a product
Term
atopic dermatisis
Definition
chronic rash associtiated with fenetic predisposition to respiratory allergies (eczema). Often a rx to asthma or hayfever
Term
seborrheic dermatitis
Definition
chronic inflammation of scalp, eyelids, ear canals, nasolabial folds, axilla, or trunk
Term
seborrheic dermatitis
Definition
yellow, orange plaques, scales or crusts
- mild pruritis
- extreme dandruff
Term
exfoliative dermatitis
Definition
excessive peeling of the skin
Term
Retin-A
Definition
acne treatment whos mechanism is not completely understood
- clears sebaceous plug and speeds cellular turnover
Term
8-12 weeks
Definition
Retin-A takes _____ to see results
Term
D
Definition
Retin-A is pregnancy category ___
Term
Accutane
Definition
drug of choice for severe acne
Term
X
Definition
Accutane is pregnancy category __
Term
increased liver enzymes - depression
Definition
two side effects of accutane
Term
pemphigus vulgaris
Definition
disease characterized by appearance of bulae(blisters) on normal looking skin
- caused by an antibody-antigen reaction
Term
jewish and mediterranean
Definition
incidences of pemphigus vulgaris is more common in ____ and ____ decent
Term
middle to old
Definition
pemphigus vulgaris is more common in _____ age
Term
pemphigus vulgaris
Definition
skin disorder that may be associated with penicillins, captopril, myesthenia gravis
- irregular erosions that are painful, bleed easily, heal slowly - rupture and cause large areas of eroded tissue
Term
burns
Definition
management for pemphigus vulgaris is much the same as ____ due to the large amounts of eroded tissue
Term
psoriasis
Definition
noninfections inflammatory disease of skin in which epidermal cells produce at rate 6-10x faster than normal
Term
2 - European
Definition
psoriasis occurs in __% of the population and is more common in ____ decent
Term
psoriasis
Definition
condition which causes red, raised patches with silvery scales
- scraped scales reveal a dark red base with multiple bleeding points
Term
psoriasis
Definition
coal tar products may be used to treat ___
Term
Tazorac
Definition
a retinoid used to treat psoriasis that causes the sloughing of scales
Term
X
Definition
tazorac is pregnancy category ___
Term
intralesional therapy
Definition
treatment for psoriasis in which a steroid is injected directly into the lesion
Term
toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN)
Definition
rare, potentially fatal skin condition caused by acute drug reaction that causes erthema and bulae
Term
toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN)
Definition
skin condition that causes systemic toxicity
Term
toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN)
Definition
condition that can be caused by a reaction to sulfonamides, pyrazalones, barbituates, antibiotics
Term
2-3 weeks
Definition
to treat toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN), the med that caused it is d/cd and healing takes ___
Term
toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN)
Definition
treatment of this skin condition often requires admission to the burn unit of the hospital
Term
steven johnon synndrome - SJS
Definition
potentially life threatening skin condition that is ussually a reaction to antibiotics, viral infection, or malignancy
Term
3-15
Definition
SJS has a mortality rate of ___%
Term
upper respiratory infection
Definition
sjs begins with a nonspecific _________
Term
sjs
Definition
condition that presents with mucocutaneous lesions of the oronasopharynx and h/a, malaise, arthralgia
Term
sjs
Definition
skin condition which consists of a rash that progresses from macule to papule to vescile - bulae
- bulae ruptures and leaves large areas of denude skin
Term
sjs
Definition
disease whos topical lesion has the appearance of a target
- skin biopsy is only definative test
Term
tetanus
Definition
with sjs, a ____ prophylaxis is given if pt is not current
Term
cysts
Definition
skin lesion that contains fluid or solid material and is treated by removal
Term
actinic keratosis
Definition
premalignant skin lesions on sun-exposed areas
- removed by shave excision, cryo, or topical medication
Term
seborrheic keratosis
Definition
benign flat tan, brown, or black lesion that occurs on face, neck, or upper body - few cm in size
Term
angiomas
Definition
vascular lesions
Term
strawberry angioma
Definition
angioma that is present at birth and fades, but doesn't disappear
Term
port-wine angioma
Definition
angioma that persists indefinately
- covered by cosmetics or laser removed
Term
pigmented nevi
Definition
- moles - vary in color, size, and may be flat, macular, or elevated
- can become malignant
Term
keloids
Definition
overgrowth of scar tissue
- treatment is ussually not successful
Term
dermatofibroma
Definition
tumor of connective tissue
- firm, cone-shaped papule ussually on extremities
Term
Von Recklinghausen's disease
Definition
neurofibromatosis that is hereditary
Term
Von Recklinghausen's disease
Definition
neurofibromatosis has cafe'-au'lait macules, axillary freckling
Term
Von Recklinghausen's disease
Definition
neurofibromatosi that causes developmental changes of the nervous system, muscles, and bonees
- may become malignant
Term
basal cell carcinoma
Definition
most common and least deadly skin cancer
Term
basal cell carcinoma
Definition
waxy nodule with pearly borders, central ulceration
- invades surrounding tissue but rarely metastesizes
Term
Moh's procedure - chemo
Definition
ussual treatment for basal cell carcinoma
- may also use topical ____
Term
Moh's procedure
Definition
shaving a lesion off layer by layer
Term
squamous cell carcinoma
Definition
rough, thickened, scaly tumor that is asymptomatic or bleeds easily
Term
squamous cell carcinoma
Definition
skin cancer that can metastesize and effect blood or lymphatic tissue
- prognosis depends on stage and level of metastesis
Term
40%
Definition
daily use of sunscreen can reduse the recurrance of squamous cell carcinoma by __
Term
lentigo maligna melanomas
Definition
malignant pigmented lesion on exposed skin areas
Term
nodular melanomas
Definition
malignant, spherical, blueberry-like nodule, relatively uniform, blue/black in color
Term
nodular melanomas
Definition
______ melanomas have a poorer prognosis
Term
acral-lentigious melanoma
Definition
malignant lesion that occurs on areas not exposed (palms, soles of feer, nail beds)
- become INVASIVE EARLY
Term
monoclonal
Definition
_____ antibodies are used as treatment for melanomas
Term
interferon alpha - interleukin 2
Definition
two Biologic response modifiers used to treat melanoma
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