Term
| What brought Assyria down to Palestine? |
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Definition
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Term
What is the Syro-Ephraimite war?
What did Ahaz do in response? |
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Definition
• Syro-Ephraimite (Israel) alliance vs. Judah (II Kings 16; Ahaz king of Judah, Pekah king of Israel; c. 735 BC)
• Ahaz faithlessly calls on Assyria to help |
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Term
| Who destroyed Samaria and when? |
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Definition
| Destruction of Samaria by Shalmaneser V in 722 BC |
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Term
| Who attacked Jerusalem in 701 BC? Who was king of Judah at the time? How did it end? |
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Definition
Sennacherib attacks Jerusalem
Ahaz was king
Jerusalem was destroyed |
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Term
| what is the setting of Isaiah 1-39? Who is the world power? |
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Definition
| geopolitical setting with Assyria as the enemy |
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Term
| What do chapters 40-66 address? |
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Definition
| those who were later to be in exile (after 586 BC) |
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Term
What do the critics say about the authorship of Isaiah?
How do they divide up the book?
How does the NT help answer the critics? |
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Definition
-was written by 2 or 3 authors
-divided up 1-39 is the actual prophet; 40-55 is an anonymous author; 56-66 are postexilic
-NT quotes from all three parts of Isaiah, always calling the author Isaiah |
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Term
| How does Isaiah follow the standard prophetic message? |
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Definition
Standard Prophetic Message:
“You’ve broken the covenant” (e.g. with idolatry, evil, etc)
No repentance? Then judgment is coming
But there is hope |
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Term
| What does each of the 3 parts of Isaiah cover? |
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Definition
o Isaiah 1-39 –judgment with glimpses of deliverance
o Isaiah 40-55 –deliverance and restoration through the Servant with glimpses of judgment
o Isaiah 56-66 –righteous living by Yahweh’s true people |
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Term
How does Isaiah present a "covenant lawsuit"?
How is Yahweh pictured?
What have the people done? |
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Definition
Scathing rebuke for repeated violation of covenant
Yahweh seated in court, prepared to judge
They have abandoned Yahweh |
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Term
| How does God show his contempt for religious ritualism in Isaiah 1? How can they be restored? |
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Definition
He hides his eyes and will not listen--it is an abomination to him
They can be restored if they repent |
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Term
| What messianic messages are presented in Ch. 2-4? |
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Definition
Messianic era in view
speaks of the “branch”, a messianic image, and a remnant of people who will be restored—imagery of temple and God’s presence |
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Term
| How is Israel pictured in Ch. 5? |
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Definition
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Term
What is the call of Isaiah in Ch. 6?
How are vv. 9-10 used in the NT? |
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Definition
"In the year king Uzziah died..."
"Woe is me! I have unclean lips!"
God touches hot coal to his lips-showing forgiveness
"Here am I, send me"
When Jesus speaks in parables, the people are hearing but not understanding |
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Term
| How will Yahweh's justice and righteousness be established among the nations? Ch. 13-35 |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the literary style and the story of Isaiah 36-39? |
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Definition
Narrative style
Events in Hezekiah’s reign, Assyrian siege in 701 BC |
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Term
| What special child promise is made in ch. 7-12? Where does this promise ultimately point? |
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Definition
God gives Ahaz a sign—a child to be born (named Immanuel- “God with us” 7:14)
Ultimately points to Christ |
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Term
| What pagan nation is in view in Isaiah 13-14? |
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Definition
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Term
| What two common misinterpretations in Isaiah did we discuss? |
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Definition
Animals in harmony: Jew and Gentile bond, not premillenialism
Lucifer (morning star) refers to Babylon, not Satan |
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Term
| How does God refer to Babylon and Assyria in Isa. 19:23-25? How can God call them this? |
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Definition
| He calls them His people--through Messianic hope |
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Term
| To whom does Jesus apply Isaiah 29:13? |
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Definition
| to the Jews of his day against religious ritualism |
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Term
| What is the major theme of ch. 40-66? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the NT connection between Isa. 40:3-5, Isa. 53, and Isa. 61:1-2? |
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Definition
| Deliverance focused on the role of the Servant, who will bring salvation through suffering |
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Term
| Which pagan king is specifically referred to as God's servant? Why? |
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Definition
| Cyrus, because he was an instrument of God and would do God's will |
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Term
| How does Cyrus fulfill this role according to II Chron 36:22-23 and Ezra 1:1-4? |
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Definition
| Cyrus is an instrument of God |
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Term
| What does Josephus suggest about the king's reading of Isaiah's prophecies? |
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Definition
| “Accordingly, when Cyrus read this, and admired the divine power, an earnest desire and ambition seized upon him to fulfill what was so written” |
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Term
| Which god of Babylon did we contrast with Yahweh? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the Cyrus Cylinder? |
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Definition
| first bill of human rights |
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Term
| What does Messiah mean? To whom is the term applied in Isaiah? |
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Definition
| "anointed"--only refers to Cyrus |
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Term
| What three things was Cyrus called upon to do? How are these typo-logical of Jesus? |
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Definition
-Subdue nations
-Loose loins of kings (i.e. conquer them)
-Open doors no one can shut (authority)
Jesus spiritually fulfills these as the ultimate Ruler of the world [physical vs. sinful captivity] |
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Term
| What is the basic message of Jeremiah? |
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Definition
| Repent, the Babylonians are coming |
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Term
| How is Jeremiah's message typical of the prophets? What are his indictments? |
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Definition
The people have broken the covenant, they must repent or judgment is coming--hope of restoration
indictments: idolatry, injustice, ritualism |
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Term
| From with OT book does Jeremiah draw heavily? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the general nature of the book? How do chapters 37-44 differ? |
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Definition
| only 37-44 are in chronological order |
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Term
| What unique feature did we point out about Jeremiah? |
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Definition
| More details of its writing given than any other prophet—several mentions of actual writing down onto a scroll |
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Term
| Who was Jeremiah's scribe? |
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Definition
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Term
| Why was Jeremiah reluctant when first called? |
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Definition
| He claimed he was only a child and did not know how to speak |
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Term
| How is Judah pictured in Jeremiah 2? |
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Definition
| as an unfaithful, adulterous wife |
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Term
| What is the term used for repentance? How is a wordplay made on this in 3:22? |
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Definition
| Shuv--also used to mean turning away from Yahweh |
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Term
| What two early NT connections were made in Jeremiah 2 and 7? |
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Definition
—spring of living waters (John 4—woman at the well)
—den of robbers (Matt. 21:13; Mark 11:17; Luke 19:46) |
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Term
| What does Jeremiah 11 stress in its connection to Deut. 28? |
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Definition
| the broken covenant and the curses |
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Term
| What does "broken" mean in Jer. 11? |
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Definition
| it's not just violating a law, but breaking a relationship |
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Term
| Why did people plot to kill Jeremiah? How did it turn out? |
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Definition
because he was prophesying against them
Jeremiah found out about their plan, God told him to keep prophesying anyways |
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Term
| What is the waistband illustration? What two former prophets are mentioned in ch. 15? Why? |
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Definition
God's people would be like the ruined waistband--completely useless
Even if Moses and Samuel interceded, it would be too late (15:1) –because of what Manasseh did (15:4) |
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Term
| What is the potter and clay illustration in 18-19? |
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Definition
Jer. 18—God’s power to reshape the nations—He is in control
Jer. 19—pot is hardened and cannot be reshaped, so it must be broken |
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Term
| Where was Jeremiah told to go with the clay pot? What is this place? |
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Definition
| Valley of Ben Hinnom [Valley of Slaughter], where many false gods were worshipped, especially Chemesh and Molech (known for child sacrifice) |
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Term
| How long did Jeremiah say that captivity would last? |
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Definition
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Term
| When does this basic time frame of 70 years begin and end? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is promised in Jer 31:31-34? Where in the NT can we find this passage quoted? |
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Definition
| The Lord will make a new covenant with his people--Hebrews 8 |
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Term
| For what was Jeremiah arrested in Ch. 32? |
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Definition
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Term
| What was Jeremiah told to buy? Why? |
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Definition
| told to buy a family field as a symbol of the hope of restoration |
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Term
| How does God essentially answer questions that might arise about His fulfilling His promises? |
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Definition
How will the promises be fulfilled if the people are totally destroyed?
—this Davidic King will not be like the kings of the physical nation |
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Term
| How do Zedekiah and Jehoaichin show the extent of unfaithfulness? (Ch. 34, 36) |
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Definition
| Jehoiakim cuts up the scroll of Jeremiah |
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Term
| Who are the Rechabites and what do they demonstrate? Ch. 35 |
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Definition
they were a family in Judah who would not break a covenant given to their forefathers
--contrast with the people of God who broke their covenant with Him |
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Term
| Which two chapters record the downfall of Jerusalem? How does the book end? What happens to Jehoiachin? |
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Definition
Ch. 39, 52
Jehoichin is released and given allowance |
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Term
| What happened to Zedekiah and his sons |
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Definition
| Zedekiah's sons are killed before him and then his eyes are put out |
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Term
| Who was appointed governor over Jerusalem? |
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Definition
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Term
| What two ironies did we point out about the events recorded in Jeremiah? (39, 43) |
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Definition
| irony of ending at Jericho (vs. 5), where they will now be lead out of the Promised Land to exile |
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Term
| What is a lament? How many of these are in Lamentations? |
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Definition
agony-filled songs
5 laments expressing deep shock and pain over the destruction of Jerusalem |
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Term
| For what occasion was Lamentations regularly read? |
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Definition
| in commemorations of the destruction of the Temple |
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Term
| How would Lamentations vindicate the message of Jeremiah? |
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Definition
| with his conflicts against false prophets and kings--Jeremiah's message is true |
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Term
| What is the pattern in which Lamentations is written? |
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Definition
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