Term
| are solutions are heterogeneous or homogeneous? |
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Definition
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Term
| what states can solutions be in |
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Definition
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Term
| what happens if a solution is stirred? |
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Definition
| it dissolves more quickly |
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Term
| does stirring effect how much solute dissolves? |
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Definition
| no, just the rate at which it dissolves |
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Term
| why does a solute dissolve more quickly when stirred? |
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Definition
| the solute and solvent particles are constantly coming into contact |
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Term
| what happens if a solute is heated? |
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Definition
| it dissolves more quickly? |
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Term
| why does a heated solution dissolve more quickly? |
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Definition
| kinetic energy is higher and collisions occur more |
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Term
| what size particles dissolve faster? |
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Definition
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Term
| why do smaller particles dissolve faster? |
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Definition
| the surface area to volume ratio is higher |
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Term
| what happens during a dynamic state of equilibrium in a solution |
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Definition
| particles can dissolve and become part of the solute solid again, there is not net change |
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Term
| what will change a solution in a state of dynamic equilibrium? |
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Definition
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Term
| a solution containing the maximum amount of solute for a given amount of solvent at a constant temperature and pressure; equilibrium exists between undissolved solute and ions in solution |
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Definition
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Term
| the amount of a substance that dissolves in a given quantity of solvent at specified conditions of temperature and pressure to produce a saturated solution |
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Definition
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Term
| what are the two main ways solubility is expresses? |
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Definition
| grams solute per 100 grams of solvent or grams of solute per liters of solvent |
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Term
| a solution that contains less solute than a saturated solution at a given temperature and pressure |
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Definition
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Term
| what happens when additional solute is added to an unsaturated solution? |
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Definition
| the solute will dissolve til the solution is saturated |
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Term
| describes liquids that dissolve in one another in all proportions |
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Definition
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Term
| if two miscible liquids are in a solution which is the solvent |
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Definition
| the one present in a larger amount |
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Term
| what are two examples of miscible solutions? (2 liquids) |
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Definition
| water and ethanol/ water and ethylene glycol |
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Term
| can liquids be partially miscible? |
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Definition
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Term
| what is an example of a partially miscible solution (2 liquids) |
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Definition
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Term
| describes liquids that are insoluble in one another |
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Definition
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Term
| what is an ecxample of two liquids that are immiscible in each other? |
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Definition
| oil and vinegar (or water) |
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Term
| temperature effects the solubility of what states? |
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Definition
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Term
| pressure effects the solubility of what state? |
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Definition
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Term
| how is the solubility of most solid substances effected by heat? |
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Definition
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Term
| can the solubility of some solid substances decrease with heat? |
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Definition
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Term
| what is the effect of temperature on gases in liquid solvents? |
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Definition
| the opposite of most solids; as the temperature increases, the solubility decreases |
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Term
| what is thermal pollution? |
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Definition
| industries using lake water to cool stuff and then dumping the heated water back into the lake |
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Term
| what does thermal pollution cause? |
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Definition
| a rise in the temperature of the entire lake, which lowers the concentration of dissolved oxygen (gas) in the lake |
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Term
| what does a lower concentration of oygen in a lake effect? |
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Definition
| the aquatic animal and plant life |
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Term
| a solution that contains more solute than it can theoretically hold at a given temperature; excess solute precipitates if a seed crystal is added |
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Definition
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Term
| can crystallization in a supersaturated solution occur without a seed crystal? |
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Definition
| yes, sometimes a crack on the inside of the container can cause crystallization |
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Term
| as the pressure of the gas above the liquid of a solution increases... |
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Definition
| the solubility of the gas increases |
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Term
| at a given temperature the solubility of a gas is directly proportional to the pressure of the gas above the liquid |
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Definition
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Definition
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