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Programming
Software testing
49
Computer Science
Professional
02/16/2014

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Term
What is a Computer Program?
Definition
A program is a sequence of instructions written to perform a specified
task
Term
Computer programs have two forms:
Definition
Source Code form &
Executable form
Term
How is Source Code form stored and name an example in java
Definition
In a single file and .java
Term
What does source code contains?
Definition
Source code contains the syntax or instruction of the program written by
a programmer.
Term
What is Executable form?
Definition
A form that can be directly executed by the computer.
Term
What is contained in an executable file?
Definition
Machine langauge INSTRUCTIONS (1's and 0's)
Term
What does computers understand?
Definition
Machine Langauge (1's and 0's)
Term
What are (1's and 0's) called?
Definition
BITs(BInary digiT)
Term
What does (1's and 0's) mean to a computer?
Definition
1= On
0= Off
Term
Categories of computer language:
Definition
1. Machine Language
2. Assembly Language
3. High Level Languages
Term
High Level Languages can be divided into 2 groups:
Definition
• Procedural Languages
• Object Oriented Languages
Term
What is Procedural Languages?
Definition
a systematic set of instructions are
executed, line by line. The focus is on the structure.
Term
Examples of procedural language:
Definition
C, Cobol, Fortran etc.
Term
What is Object Oriented Languages?
Definition
languages are focussed on the modelling data not the
structure.
Term
What are the concepts of OOPS Language?
Definition
1.Encapsulation(hiding or securing data)
2.Inheritance(acquiring
properties from a parent class)
3. Polymorphism (many shapes)
Term
What is the most popular object oriented language
Definition
Java
Term
Phases of a computer program that undergoes
changes.
Definition
 Writing
 Translation or Compilation
 Execution
Term
Compiled code executes faster than interpreted programs since they are____________
Definition
pre-validated.
Term
How does a compiler translate HLL?
Definition
they are translated all at once.
Term
How does a interpeter translate HLL?
Definition
Line by line
Term
What is a compiler?
Definition
System level software which converts the entire source code
into object code all at once.
Term
What does object code contains and how is it saved?
Definition
compiled code. Generally, the extension of the file would
be .obj.
Term
Interpreter v/s Compiler
Definition
Interpreting code is slower than running the compiled code because the
interpreter must analyze each statement in the program each time it is
executed and then perform the desired action, whereas the compiled
code just performs the action within a fixed context determined by the
compilation.
Term
What are Loaders:
Definition
System software that loads the executable code into memory. Loader is
a part of the Operating system. It prepares the code for execution.
Term
What is a problem?
Definition
A problem is a matter that needs a solution.
Term
All problems have two features in common:(List and Define)
Definition
Goals & Barriers
• Goals can be anything that you wish to achieve.
• Barriers are obstacles that prevent the immediate achievement of
goals.
Term
Stages of Problem Solving
Definition
o Problem Identification
o Structuring the problem
o Looking for possible solutions
o Making a decision
o Implementation
o Monitoring / Seeking Feedback
Term
Data Hierarchy
Definition
Parenthesis
Exponentiation
Multiplication ‘*’ and division ‘/’
Addition ‘+’ & subtraction
Term
Steps for Programming as Problem Solving
Definition
1. Analyze the problem
2. Design the program
3. Code the program
4. Test the program
Term
What is A HIPO Chart?
Definition
(“Hierarchy of Inputs, Processes & Outputs”)shows what modules exist and how they are
related.
Term
How are Comments used by programmers?
Definition
To explain to the
reader the logic and decision processes. Comments are ignored by the
interpreter or compiler.
Term
Types of comments
Definition
Code comments - that explains the syntax of the code
• Documentation comments - that are general descriptions giving
more details of the program logic
• Module comments – that provides brief description about the
module
Term
Give an example of an External Documentation given by programmers:
Definition
The External documentation includes a user’s guide and, typically, a
more technical system administrator’s guide.
Term
Types of Errors
Definition
• Syntax Error
• Logical Error
Term
Main concepts of Structured Programming
Definition
1.Principles of top-down design
2.Modularity
3.The use of the three accepted control structures of
sequence, repetition and selection.
Term
What type of statements is used in a selection control structure?
Definition
IF, THEN, ELSE
Term
What type of statements is used in a repetition control structure?
Definition
Do, Do while, Do Until
Term
Things Algorithm should have:
Definition
1. A descriptive name
2. An END statement
3. All processing steps between the algorithm name and END
statement should be indented for readability.
4. Each processing step in the defining diagram relates directly to
one or more statements in the algorithm.
Term
A program can _____ input from a keyboard, mouse or database.
Definition
receive
Term
Data is received by the program when the database is _____ .
Definition
Read
Term
A program _____ information to a monitor or printer (output devices).
Definition
outputs
Term
A program can also ____ or ____ information to the database.
Definition
write or send
Term
What is the “native” language of a computer?
Definition
Machine Language
Term
Why is machine language difficult to program?
Definition
One misplaced 1 or 0 will cause the
program to fail.
Term
The syntax of HL languages is similar to ______.
Definition
English
Term
The focus of OOP languages is not on structure, but on _____
Definition
modeling data.
Term
What is “blueprints”?
Definition
Programmers code using data models called classes.
Term
Examples of OOP languages include
Definition
C++, Visual Basic.NET
and Java.
Term
What is used to write source code?
Definition
text editors or tools
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