Term
| What is a Computer Program? |
|
Definition
A program is a sequence of instructions written to perform a specified
task |
|
|
Term
| Computer programs have two forms: |
|
Definition
Source Code form &
Executable form |
|
|
Term
| How is Source Code form stored and name an example in java |
|
Definition
| In a single file and .java |
|
|
Term
| What does source code contains? |
|
Definition
Source code contains the syntax or instruction of the program written by
a programmer. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A form that can be directly executed by the computer. |
|
|
Term
| What is contained in an executable file? |
|
Definition
| Machine langauge INSTRUCTIONS (1's and 0's) |
|
|
Term
| What does computers understand? |
|
Definition
| Machine Langauge (1's and 0's) |
|
|
Term
| What are (1's and 0's) called? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What does (1's and 0's) mean to a computer? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Categories of computer language: |
|
Definition
1. Machine Language
2. Assembly Language
3. High Level Languages |
|
|
Term
| High Level Languages can be divided into 2 groups: |
|
Definition
• Procedural Languages
• Object Oriented Languages |
|
|
Term
| What is Procedural Languages? |
|
Definition
a systematic set of instructions are
executed, line by line. The focus is on the structure. |
|
|
Term
| Examples of procedural language: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is Object Oriented Languages? |
|
Definition
languages are focussed on the modelling data not the
structure. |
|
|
Term
| What are the concepts of OOPS Language? |
|
Definition
1.Encapsulation(hiding or securing data)
2.Inheritance(acquiring
properties from a parent class)
3. Polymorphism (many shapes) |
|
|
Term
| What is the most popular object oriented language |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Phases of a computer program that undergoes
changes. |
|
Definition
Writing
Translation or Compilation
Execution |
|
|
Term
| Compiled code executes faster than interpreted programs since they are____________ |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How does a compiler translate HLL? |
|
Definition
| they are translated all at once. |
|
|
Term
| How does a interpeter translate HLL? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
System level software which converts the entire source code
into object code all at once. |
|
|
Term
| What does object code contains and how is it saved? |
|
Definition
compiled code. Generally, the extension of the file would
be .obj. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Interpreting code is slower than running the compiled code because the
interpreter must analyze each statement in the program each time it is
executed and then perform the desired action, whereas the compiled
code just performs the action within a fixed context determined by the
compilation. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
System software that loads the executable code into memory. Loader is
a part of the Operating system. It prepares the code for execution. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A problem is a matter that needs a solution. |
|
|
Term
| All problems have two features in common:(List and Define) |
|
Definition
Goals & Barriers
• Goals can be anything that you wish to achieve.
• Barriers are obstacles that prevent the immediate achievement of
goals. |
|
|
Term
| Stages of Problem Solving |
|
Definition
o Problem Identification
o Structuring the problem
o Looking for possible solutions
o Making a decision
o Implementation
o Monitoring / Seeking Feedback |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Parenthesis
Exponentiation
Multiplication ‘*’ and division ‘/’
Addition ‘+’ & subtraction |
|
|
Term
| Steps for Programming as Problem Solving |
|
Definition
1. Analyze the problem
2. Design the program
3. Code the program
4. Test the program |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
(“Hierarchy of Inputs, Processes & Outputs”)shows what modules exist and how they are
related. |
|
|
Term
| How are Comments used by programmers? |
|
Definition
To explain to the
reader the logic and decision processes. Comments are ignored by the
interpreter or compiler. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Code comments - that explains the syntax of the code
• Documentation comments - that are general descriptions giving
more details of the program logic
• Module comments – that provides brief description about the
module |
|
|
Term
| Give an example of an External Documentation given by programmers: |
|
Definition
The External documentation includes a user’s guide and, typically, a
more technical system administrator’s guide. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
• Syntax Error
• Logical Error |
|
|
Term
| Main concepts of Structured Programming |
|
Definition
1.Principles of top-down design
2.Modularity
3.The use of the three accepted control structures of
sequence, repetition and selection. |
|
|
Term
| What type of statements is used in a selection control structure? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What type of statements is used in a repetition control structure? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Things Algorithm should have: |
|
Definition
1. A descriptive name
2. An END statement
3. All processing steps between the algorithm name and END
statement should be indented for readability.
4. Each processing step in the defining diagram relates directly to
one or more statements in the algorithm. |
|
|
Term
| A program can _____ input from a keyboard, mouse or database. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Data is received by the program when the database is _____ . |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| A program _____ information to a monitor or printer (output devices). |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| A program can also ____ or ____ information to the database. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the “native” language of a computer? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Why is machine language difficult to program? |
|
Definition
One misplaced 1 or 0 will cause the
program to fail. |
|
|
Term
| The syntax of HL languages is similar to ______. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The focus of OOP languages is not on structure, but on _____ |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Programmers code using data models called classes. |
|
|
Term
| Examples of OOP languages include |
|
Definition
C++, Visual Basic.NET
and Java. |
|
|
Term
| What is used to write source code? |
|
Definition
|
|
