Term
Programmed Cell Death (other name??)
_____ cells undergo apotosis each day
List the mutliple triggers |
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Definition
apotosis
50-70 billiion cells
cellular damage, viral infection, starvation, DNA damage, homeostasis.
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Term
| Which method is preferred: apotosis or necrosis? and y? |
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Definition
| apotosis is preferred bc necrosis is leaky, dirty, cause inflammation, release cytokin, and messy cell death |
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Term
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Definition
1. normal cell
2. nuclear condensation, membrane blebbing, and cell shrinkage
3. fragments, apoptotic bodies, phagocytosis, |
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Term
Apoptotosis in Normal development
important in ______ development?
Some cells undergo ______ to give a tissue or organ its ____ |
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Definition
embryonic
apoptosis, final shape |
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Term
Mitochondria and apoptosis
WHat do apoptotic target?
Bind to _______
–IAPs normally _____ apoptosis and _______ caspases
–IAPs deactivated
–Apoptosis ________
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Definition
Apoptotic proteins target the mitochondria
• SMACs are released into the cytosol following
an increase in permeability
inhibitor of apoptosis protein
suppress, inactivate
can proceed |
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Term
| Apoptotic into a mitochondria |
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Definition
apoptotic signal binds with a pro-apoptotosis protein (ie bad).
-they go (release of BAD) and attack the mitchondria and poke hole into it until it becomes permeable (leaky).
-There the smacs r released into cytochrome C (once it gets here it is determined to complete apoptosis).
-Cytosol goes to active intiator caspases (cascade 9 and apaf-1)
-then makes cascade 3 |
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Term
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Definition
cytotoxic t-cell and ligand are bound to eachother
-ligna binds to death receptor
- procaspase 8& 10 are made into caspase 8&10 (initiator caspases) through autocatalysis and FADD (adaptor protein)
-procaspase 3,6,7 get activated by caspase 8 & 10 and are considered (execution caspases)
- from there caspase 3 is mixed with Bid to make tBid (Bcl-2protein)
-this causes mitochondrial permeability to increase
-caspase 6 makes dna fragmentation
-caspase 7 makes surface alterations |
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Term
Statins and apoptosis
• Heavy investigation into their use in _________
(altered prenylation (adding a hydophobic group) of Ras and RhoA)
- statins cause reduction of mitochondrial membrane
potential and the cytosolicrelease of Smac,
caspase-dependent sincecaspases 9, 3 AND 8
were efficiently ______
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Definition
statins are magic drug for cholesterol
immunomodulatory (control immune system), anti-inflammatory,anti-
angiogenic (help with cancer cells) and anti-proliferative (make more cells)
• cancer cell apotosis
-activated |
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Term
| Do apoptosis like to have lots of options so any cell can undergo apoptosis? |
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Definition
| yes, likes lots of back up plans |
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Term
DNA damage and apoptosis
- Following DNA damage, p53 (tumor suppressor protein) is ________
• p53 prevents the cell from replicating by stopping the cell cycle at ________.
--time to repair or apoptosis due to inability to repair
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Definition
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Term
Cancer and apoptosis
-____ of apoptosis
--too ______ apoptosis and withdrawal of response
---Mutations in "normal suppressing" genes (p__) |
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Definition
-disregulation
-- little
---p53 |
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