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| Court's acceptance of well-known facts as true without evidence; stands as proof |
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| To erase, strike out wholly; to physically destroy information |
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| An official record by a court reporter |
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| Characteristics which render a witness legally fit and qualified to give testimony in court |
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| Someone who has special knowledge of the subject about which he is to testify; person must be qualified by the court to testify as an expert witness |
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| First questioning of a witness by the party who called witness |
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| Questioning of a witness by a party who called the witness, after the witness has been crossed examined |
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| The questioning of a witness by a cross-examiner after the redirect examination of the witness |
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| Latin for "to come"; process by which jurors are summoned to try a case; name of the writ for summoning a jury |
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| A neighborhood; a place of trial; also, where jurisdiction is established |
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| Group of prospective jurors |
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| Something added or to be added |
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| Something added to extend or complete a thing; also, to make up a deficiency |
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| Party who complains or sues in a civil action and is named on the record; person who seeks remedial relief for an injury to rights |
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| Arranged in order of time of occurence |
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| List of cases on a court's calendar |
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| Schedule of cases coming to trial |
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| Hearing in court of pending cases to determine the present status of each case and usually to assign a date for trial |
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| The judge who directs court proceedings; also, judge who assigns cases to other judges |
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| Judge of courts whose jurisdiction extends over several counties or districts |
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| Presiding, most senior, or principal judge of courts having more than one judge |
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| Having a precise relevance to the matter at hand |
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| Lack of sufficient certainty from the evidence; fair doubt; degree of certainty required by a juror to find a criminal defendant not guilty |
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| Clear and concerning proof |
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| Proof which resluts in reasonable certainty of the truth of the facts; the truth is highly probable |
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| Fair preponderance of the evidence |
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| Has greater weight than the evidence offered in opposition to it; the existence of the fact in issue is more probable than not |
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| Having the agreement and consent of everyone |
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| A mandate; a direction of the court in writing and not included in the judgment that adjudicates a preliminary point or directs a step in the proceedings |
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| To decide, settle or decree; to pass on judicially |
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| Closing arguments; the final step in a trial |
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| Court attendant; charged with keeping order in the court; has custody of the jury and custody of prisoners while they are in court |
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| Latin for " I will not contest"; an agreement to accept punishment for an alleged offense while not admitting guilt to the offense; statement in a criminal case, which has the same legal effect as pleading guilty; it admits all the facts in the indictment |
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| Person who appeals a decision |
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| Something that changes or modifies for the better |
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| A formal, written order of a court ordering something to be done or not be done |
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| Latin for "under penalty"; command to appear in court and testify (will be penalized for not showing up) |
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| Pretrial discovery; set of written questions which are propounded by one party and served on the adversary party who must answer by written reply made under oath |
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| Solemn pledge binding someone to tell the truth according to the law, after which false statements are punishable as perjury |
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| False statements made under oath |
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| To declare positively, solemnly, formally, but not under oath |
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| The parties involved in a lawsuit; both defendant and plaintiff |
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| A law passed by the legislature |
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| A local law passed by municipal legislative body |
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| To annul or to void by recalling, taking back, or rescinding |
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| Offenses below felonies; generally punishable by fine, penalty, forfeiture and/or imprisonment in a county jail |
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| Major crime punishable by imprisonment for more than one year and loss of some rights |
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| Ordered; either written or oral |
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| Freedom to act or on one's own |
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| Private room or office of a judge |
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| Formal oral or written request to the court seeking the judge's ruling |
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| Chief law officer of the Federal Government or of a state |
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| An admission, an agreement, or a concession by both parties relating to the lawsuit; often made to avoid delays in the proceedings |
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| Officer of the court who files pleadings, motions, judgments and kees records of court proceedings |
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| Latin for "for the public good"; describes services or work performed for free or without compensation |
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| Written declaration or statement of acts made voluntarily; statement given under oath, signed by a deponent |
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| Positive statement often made without support or reason |
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| Reviews the decisions of an inferior court to determine whether the trial court made an error of law (appeal) |
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| Court whose decision is subject to review by another court |
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| To which a party may always appeal |
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| Hostile; witness whose testimony is unfavorable to the party who called her |
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| Done contrary to justice, honesty, or good morals; dishonesty of a high degree or depravity |
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| Inferior state courts of record having general jurisdiction; constitutional courts having territorial jurisdiction over a district, which may be a whole state or only a part |
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| Furnished by written instruments, inscriptions, and other documents |
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| Final statements by the attorneys to the jury or to the court at the end of the case, which sets forth the client's case (aka: summation) |
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| Remarks by an attorney to a judge or jury on the merits of the case or points of law |
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| Statements given under oath by a witness |
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| Broader term meaning everything brought into court in a trial; includes exhibits, documents and testimony of a witnesses |
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| Mandate that required a defendant to appear under penalty of judgment against him |
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| Decision or ruling of a court; the final determination of a case |
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| To set off; qualifying; explanatory |
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| One party gains information held by another party to discover evidence |
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| Preliminary examination of the qualifications of jurors or witnesses |
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| Questioning of a witness by a party other than the one who called the witness concerning matters about which the witness has testified during direct examination |
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| Party on the opposite side of a litigation |
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