Term
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Definition
| This is used from the Middle Ages to the 19th Century. The victim of La Rueda also known as the wheel are stripped naked and the executioner takes an iron bar and starts to break bones depending on their sentence; this is done without a lethal shot. Then the executioner takes the body which is just mush at this point and then starts braiding the spokes onto a large wooden wheel. The wheel then is popped onto a pole. The body or "screaming puppet" rather then gets spun. The townspeople spins the wheel one-by-one. At the top of the wheel crows lie in which ultimately kill the screaming puppet within days. |
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Term
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Definition
| Also known as "Headcrusher." The cap is put on the person and the persons head is put onto a secure wooden table. They slowly tighten the cap on the person till death. The executioner during the tightening will take frequent breaks. Prolonging the suffering. The first thing to go is the teeth, then the eyes, then lastly the brain. Used against heretics in the Spanish inquision. Seen later then in Latin America in the "cone" |
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Definition
| As the nation's worst serial killer on record, John Wayne Gacy was put to death by lethal injection after being convicted of sex-related killings of 33 young men and boys. Gacy was a professional clown and friends with the Chicago Police (CBA). The clown community did not like Gacy. He used a lot of angles in his make-up making him look like an unhappy and sinister clown. Gacy received more mail and methodically answered it more than any other inmate at the prison. |
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Term
| How did Gacy do his killings? |
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Definition
| Gacy would find young men around and convince them to come to his place. He had the young men take a rope then a stick. They were put around Gacy's neck. Gacy told the young men to pull tightly and Gacy would somehow get out of it. Gacy would then have the young man do it, but instead killing them. |
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Definition
| As a mother of four children - all under the age of eight - Tonya Drake struggled daily to provide for her family. 'So when Drake, 30, was handed a $100 dollar bill by a man she barely knew and was told she could keep the change if she posted a package for him, she readily agreed... Drake received $47.70 of it. But unknown to Drake, the package contained 232 grams of crack cocaine. Drake did not have a drug or crime history. Drake was senetenced to a ten year prison term. |
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Term
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Definition
| As a bored teenager, Martensen quit a minimum-wage job, packed some tie-dyed clothes, and followed the Grateful Dead band around America. He led a carefree, vagabond life for a couple of years, but then his van broke down and he needed money to keep moving. When a fellow Deadhead, offered him $400 to find someone who would sell LSD, he accepted. Later, he stared out the window of a narrow cell. The man he thought was a Deadhead was an undercover agent. Marten was sentenced to ten years under the mandatory minimum prison term imposed by Congress in 1986. |
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Term
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Definition
| The serial killers are sinister, their sinisterness gets too close and we as people decide to make fun of it. Gal's Humor, defense mechanism. |
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Definition
| An American serial killer and sex offender. Dahmer murdered 17 men and boys between 1978 and 1991, with the majority of the murders occurring between 1987 and 1991. His murders involved rape, dismemberment, necrophilia and cannibalism. On November 28, 1994, he was beaten to death by an inmate at the Columbia Correctional Institution, where he had been incarcerated. Dahmer got the idea that he could turn his victims into "zombies" — completely submissive, eternally youthful sexual partners – and attempted to do so by drilling holes into their skulls and injecting hydrochloric acid or boiling water into the frontal lobe area of their brains with a large syringe, usually while the victim was still alive. Unlike many serial killers, Dahmer killed victims from a variety of racial backgrounds. |
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Term
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Definition
| During the night of June 23, 1993, John Wayne Bobbitt arrived at the couple's apartment in Manassas, Virginia, allegedly intoxicated after a night of partying. According to testimony given by Lorena Bobbitt in a 1994 court hearing, he then raped her. (In 1994 he was tried for and acquitted of spousal rape, prosecuted by the same district attorney who prosecuted Lorena for attacking her husband.) Afterwards, Lorena Bobbitt got out of bed and went to the kitchen for a drink of water. Grabbing the knife, Lorena Bobbitt entered the bedroom where John was sleeping and proceeded to cut off nearly half of his penis. After assaulting her husband, Lorena left the apartment with the severed penis, drove a short while, then rolled down the car window and threw the penis into a field. Realizing the severity of the incident, she stopped and called 911. After an exhaustive search, the penis was located, packed in ice, and taken to the hospital where John Bobbitt was being treated. |
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Term
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Definition
| In July 1991, while visiting with relatives, Reubens was arrested in Sarasota, Florida for masturbating while secluded in a darkened adult theater.[41] Detectives would periodically visit pornographic theaters to observe the audiences, arresting those who engaged in indecent exposure. After arresting a number of other men, a detective who had been observing Reubens stopped him on his way out. When detectives examined his driver's license, Reubens told them, "I'm Pee-wee Herman", and offered to do a children's benefit for the sheriff's office, "to take care of this". |
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Term
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Definition
| The celebrity criminal allows politicians to get fame quick to get tough on crime. Build more prisons and such. Penal populism narrows those cries for greatyer security as 'mad as hell' citizens demand harsh penalties for criminals perceived as being habitual and particularly menacing. |
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Term
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Definition
| Made by politician, ___ is an informal name for laws in the United States requiring law enforcement authorities to make information available to the public regarding registered sex offenders, which was created in response to the murder of Megan Kanka. |
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Term
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Definition
| Old People/Child Lost alert |
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Term
| How many prisoners per US residents? |
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Definition
| 952 per 100,000 US residents |
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Term
| The US Population in Prisons |
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Definition
| Between 1987 and 2007 the prison population nearly tripled, from 585,000 to almost 1.6 million. The United States, which has less than 5 percent of the world's population, has about one-quarter of its prisoners. Producing the world's highest incarceration rate. |
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Term
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Definition
| Is a new way to think of criminals. Catergorizes criminals and stops individualism. |
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Term
| Racial Disparities in Prison |
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Definition
| Imprisonment rates are even more pronounced for black males (3,161) and Hispanic males (1,200) compared to their white counter parts (487). Especially for blacks, the huge increase in the incarceration rate is the result of drug convictions. |
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Term
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Definition
| A form of politics aimed to appeal to people who feel that their views and interests have been left out of the debate over governance. |
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Term
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Definition
| In his timely book Penal Populism, _____ delivers a robust interpretation of the prison boom occurring not only in the US but in other Western countries as well. Further pointing out that the increased reliance on imprisonment occurs independently of dropping crime rates, ____ looks to other forces contributing to what is aptly described as penal populism, the trend 'democratizing' punishment. The belief that citizens can develop better solutions for crime control than state bureaucrats. |
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Term
| Underlying causes of penal populism? |
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Definition
| Notably a declining trust in politicians and the political process. |
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Term
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Definition
| According to ____, 'American politicians adopted unduly harsh policies and the public let them do it. |
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Term
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Definition
Giving
the
Government
the
Green Light
Turning back on Juris Providence, going against Constitution. |
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Term
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Definition
| A detention camp that is a controversial detainment and interrogation facility of the United States military located within Guantanamo Bay Naval Base, Cuba. The facility was established in 2002 by the Bush Administration to hold detainees believed to be connected with the war in Afghanistan and later Iraq. NO LEGAL FOUNDATION |
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Term
| President Obama Assassination |
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Definition
| Executive assassination and has used it. Obama has used it against someone and their 16-year-old son. |
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Term
| Politics in Criminal Justice |
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Definition
| Judge has to run for office. Sheriffs run for office. |
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Term
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Definition
| ______ states that a person may justifiably use force in self-defense when there is reasonable belief of a unlawful threat, without an obligation to retreat first. The concept sometimes exists in statutory law and sometimes through common law precedents. One key distinction is whether the concept only applies to defending a home or vehicle, or whether it applies to all lawfully occupied locations. |
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Term
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Definition
| Only military and police officers should have guns. |
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Term
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Definition
| Thetion for ideological foundation for social domination by the ruling class. White Eastern (Soviet) states relied on coercian to ensure compliance by its citizens, Western (capitalist) societies depend on different forms of social control. Refraining from force, Western nations turn to cultural mechanisms-hegemony-to secure cooperation and consent. ____ is facilitated by highly developed mass media that allow the ruling class to exert its influence over civil society as well as government. |
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Term
| Tonry consideration several social forces shaping American punitiveness, namely: |
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Definition
| Political paranoia, Protestant fundamentalism (and intolerance), and a politicization of criminal justice. |
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Term
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Definition
| Ruled that corporations are people. |
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Term
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Definition
| Suggesting or threatening evil: a sinister smile. |
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Term
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Definition
| Located in South Bank a former prison and now a museum. The origin of the "clink" was because when they were fettered inside it made the noise of a clink. The prison was also rat infested. |
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Term
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Definition
| Used to incarate religious and political discadence. No meals in the dungeon. Prisoners would depend on food from people walking by. People walking by will give them food simply in fear that they themselves will someday be in that position. |
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Term
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Definition
| An appointed position. To make a living prisoners and their families paid him. Things like blankets and such they would have to pay the keeper for. Arbitary. The ____ would charge for anything he possibly could. |
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Term
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Definition
| Used against women that used abusive language. It basically was a caged mask. |
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Term
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Definition
| Used for minor offense such as selling rotten meat. Head and hands are secured and the body is in a bent position. |
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Term
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Definition
| A multi-tailed whip. Tails are famous for the use onboard British Navy Ships when the saying "not having enough room to swing a cat" originates from the confinement below decks. Cat'O Nine Tals were abolished from the British judicial system in 1948. |
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Term
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Definition
| Stripped then lashed with the Cat O'Nine Tails. Hand are bound. |
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Term
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Definition
| Was legalised by Henry VIII. The first to suffer was the Bishop of Rochester's Cook. He was boiled to death at Smithfield. |
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Term
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Definition
| The collar would be placed around an individuals neck, the collar is lead lined and contains a number of spikes. These spikes would rest against the skin causing a great deal of irritation and pain around their neck, the spikes would also cut into the neck creating open wounds that would get infected by the lead leading to lead poisioning. |
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Term
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Definition
| Was a costly item to both buy and wear. However the privleges that came with the purchase of a chain and ball were inmates. Inmates would be able to leave the prison and beg for money and food along clink street. The ball and chain must be drug by the ankle and not picked up and carried. |
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Term
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Definition
| It was used to crush individuals thumb to stop their thefts and illegal activities. Once the device had been used the victim would find it very difficult to use their thumbs. |
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Term
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Definition
| Two very small holes to excrete. Chastity belt was used to protect against rape and adultery. |
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Term
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Definition
| The victims foot would be placed in the boot, wood would be packed in and around the foot. The boot would then be filled with either oil or water resulting in the swelling of the wood and crushing the foot. The boot would then have a fire built underneath it bringing the contents to a boil. Results in the foot falling off. |
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Term
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Definition
| These irons compressed the victim, causing great pain as well as bleeding from the nose and ears. 1144-1780 |
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Term
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Definition
| Born 1570, York, Eng.—died Jan. 31, 1606, London, British soldier and best-known participant in the Gunpowder Plot. Its object was to blow up the palace at Westminster during the state opening of Parliament, while James I and his chief ministers met within, in reprisal for increasing oppression of Roman Catholics in England. Anonymous and V for Vendetta. |
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Term
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Definition
| Beheading was normally reserved for those of high-rank. In England a block and ate was the common method, but in France and Germany the head was taken off with a swing of a sword. Women usually refused this death because they felt unworthy. |
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Term
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Definition
| Chair hoisted up then tilted to where you are on the edge of your seat. The suspense is what makes it torture. |
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Term
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Definition
| People who watch TV deserve to be lied to. |
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Term
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Definition
| Welch believed that only some police and military should have guns. Welch did not have to have weapon training because he was a researcher. |
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Term
| What would Welch do in the prison if a bad situation emerged? |
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Definition
| Welch would save his files to the main frame. Shut off the computer, lock the door, put keys away then go to his card then drive to the Irish Pub. |
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Term
| Why was Welch hired at the federal prison? |
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Definition
| Welch was hired at the federal prison if he agreed to do track for the company. |
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Term
| Michel Foucault Intellectual Work |
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Definition
| Sociology, History, and Philosophy. |
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Term
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Definition
| History is important because without it you do not know that the government is telling the truth. |
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Term
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Definition
| For years hes been telling the media and anyone that would listen, he has been able to flee Cuba from Fidel Castro. Someone then asked him what year. He replied 1956. Therefore, Family fled from Bautista and not Castro. Castro was not in power until 1958. |
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Term
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Definition
| A game Welch plays in prisone. It is to find the white man in prison, kind of like wheres waldo. |
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Term
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Definition
| A cheap whore can get you off, but not a cheap lawyer. |
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Term
| The role of technology in prison |
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Definition
| Lethal Injection is technology. Electric Chair is technology. |
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Term
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Definition
| Toxic, barbituate and aesthestics. |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Greek Philosophers on Punishment |
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Definition
| Proposed instead that the offender should be reformed. |
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Term
| Punishments passed on to ancient Greeks from earlier days |
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Definition
| Stoning, burning alive, strangling, banishing, branding and penal slavery. Crucifying, givverting (exposing to public scorn), and garroting (strangling with an iron collar), however, originated in ancient Greece, aong with breaking on the wheel. |
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Term
| Ancient Roman Imprisonment |
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Definition
| Romans used imprisonment for purposes beyond detention - incarceration itself was intended to punish lawbreakers. Yet the structures used for incaceration were essentially makeshift: heavy cages, basements of public building and stone quarries. |
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Term
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Definition
| Warding evil banishment-same concept |
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Term
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Definition
| Allowing community to participate in the punishment i.e Stoning |
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Term
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Definition
| Russian Feminist Band. March 3, two of the group members, Nadezhda Tolokonnikova and Maria Alyokhina, were arrested and charged with hooliganism. A third member, Yekaterina Samutsevich, was arrested on March 16. |
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Term
| Social Control imposed mainly by the Church |
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Definition
| As a result of the prevailing religious forces, certain acts were criminalized, most notably heresy and witchcraft. Some sexual offenses were regarded as unnatural acts. |
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Term
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Definition
| Papeon (butterfly). Symbolic for flying away. |
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Term
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Definition
| Papeon (butterfly). Symbolic for flying away. |
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Term
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Definition
| 160,000 prisoners. Are shipped from Ireland to Australia. After that they shut down transportation. |
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Term
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Definition
| The english hinted that they wanted the area in New Zealand. Maori said no and go somewhere else. New Zealand very good at Rugby. |
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Term
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Definition
| Society found by convicts. |
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Term
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Definition
| Deterrence, free will. Designed the Panoptican |
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Term
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Definition
Geometry-Is the circle
Economic-Minimize Officers
Theology-Omniscient Diety. Mind set of being watched. |
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Term
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Definition
| Almost eighty years after his death, the Howard Association was formed in London, with the aim of "promotion of the most efficient means of penal treatment and crime prevention" and to promote "a reformatory and radically preventive treatment of offenders". In its first annual report in 1867, the Association stated that its efforts had been focused on "the promotion of reformatory and remunerative prison labour, and the abolition of capital punishment." The Association merged with the Penal Reform League in 1921 to become the Howard League for Penal Reform. Today, the Howard League is Britain's biggest penal reform organisation. |
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Term
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Definition
| was an Italian jurist, philosopher and politician best known for his treatise On Crimes and Punishments (1764), which condemned torture and the death penalty, and was a founding work in the field of penology. |
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Term
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Definition
| Self Monitor. Moving punishment from body to mind. |
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Term
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Definition
| Called Sierra because they been saw used for torture and execution. Person is stripped naked then hes hanging there. They put the timbersaw in the crouch. Then they start, they take a lot of breaks. Victims suspeded to keep blood flow in and keeping them alive. The cuts slowly vertically. The victim stays alive until major organs are cut. The victims (candolons) of this were charged for having sex with satin, homosexuals and peasants, witches, witchcraft practicers were still tortured. Even pregneat ones because they thought she was impregnated with satin. |
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Term
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Definition
| Isnt it surprising that prisons resemble factories, schools, barracks, hospitals which all resemble prisons. |
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Term
| Eastern State Penitentiary |
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Definition
| Radial Plan layout. Castle look. Used solitary confinemtn. |
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Term
| America compared to Britian |
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Definition
| American colonies were much more religious than British counterparts. |
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Term
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Definition
| Is the act of methodically beating or whipping (Latin flagellum, "whip") the human body |
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Term
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Definition
| Humiliating. Branded on the forehead. "T" for theif. "D" for Drunk. |
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Term
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Definition
| Gossips and village scolds were punished by the ducking stool. The accused strapped either to a chair or the end of a wooden plank (similar to a seesaw) and submerged in a river or a pond. |
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Term
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Definition
| is an American who briefly gained international notoriety when he was sentenced to caning in Singapore as an 18-year-old in 1994 for theft and vandalism. Caning is a routine court sentence in Singapore but most Americans were unfamiliar with it, and Fay's case was believed to be the first caning involving an American citizen.The number of cane strokes in his sentence was reduced from six to four after U.S. officials requested leniency. |
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Term
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Definition
| Caning is done by a 10th degree black belt. |
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Term
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Definition
| Setted in a colonial land that would beat his name - that is Pennsylvania. In reaction to the pervasive use of harsh and humiliating punishments, Penn set out to reform penal sanctions. In particular, he bought to America a legal code, known as the Great Law, which he drafterd with fellow Quakers in England. |
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Term
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Definition
1. All prisoners were to be eligible for bail.
2. Those wrongfully imprisoned could recover double damages.
3. Prisons were to provide free food and lodgings.
4. The lands and good of felons were to be liable for double restitution to injured parties.
5. All counties were to provide houses of detention to replace the pillory, stocks, and the like. |
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Term
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Definition
| In his highly acclaimed book "The Discovery of the Asylum: Social Order and Disorder in the New Republic (1971), David Rothman contends that crime was not defined as a critical social problem by Americans. 'They devoted very little energy to devising and enacting programs to reform offenders and had no expectations of eradicating crime. |
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Term
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Definition
| In 1773 an aboandoned copper mine in Simbury, Connecticut was converted into Newgate prison, becoming the earliest prison (until 1827). The underground prison served as a makeshift insitution resembling the sulfur pits of ancient Rome more than the county jails of its time. |
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Term
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Definition
| Eddy had been engaged in charitable work, was elected a governor of the New York Hospital in 1793, and became interested in the reform of the penal laws. He advocated the abolition of branding, whipping posts, pillories and solitary confinement. In 1796, Eddy helped State Senators Philip Schuyler and Ambrose Spencer to draft a bill which established the penitentiary system. The bill was passed and Eddy was appointed to the Commission which put it in practice. He was chosen to oversee the construction of the first State Prison, located in Greenwich Village, better known as the old "Newgate" Prison, and became its first Director, from 1797 to 1801. He also urged the State Legislature to build facilities for the mentally ill. |
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Term
| What was the first medical prison in the world? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Went to federal prison for dealing cocaine. |
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Term
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Definition
| Jacksonians looked to more social (external) influences and their effect of indivudal corruption and crminality. Thus it was posited that crime (and deviance) was symptomatic of a failing social order, and two aspects of social life were under close scrutiny the family and the co |
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Term
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Definition
| God given right to move west and take over. |
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Term
| Manifest Destiny during Jackson Era |
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Definition
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Term
| Programs dealing with crime such as CSI |
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Definition
| They're alot of commercials of political campaigning when programs with crimes are on. |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
|
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Term
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Definition
| Even progressive reformers things getting worse. Becoming "school of crime" |
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Term
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Definition
| A former Grand Wizard of the Knights of the Ku Klux Klan,Duke describes himself as a racial realist, asserting that "all people have a basic human right to preserve their own heritage." He is in strong opposition to what he asserts to be Jewish control of the Federal Reserve Bank, the federal government and the media. Duke supports stopping both legal and illegal Non-European immigration, preservation of what he labels Western culture and traditionalist Christian "family values", strict Constitutionalism, abolition of the Internal Revenue Service, voluntary racial segregation, ardent anti-communism and white separatism. |
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Term
| What state is the one that harvests sugar cane? |
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Definition
| LA and sugar cane is extremely hard and dangerous. |
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Term
| When unemployment rates are up? |
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Definition
| Incarceration rates go up |
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Term
| The Reformatory Era (1870-1910) |
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Definition
| In 1870, the reformatory era had been formally initiated at the first American Prison Congress in Cincinnati, Ohio, featuring 130 delegates from 24 states, Canada, and South America. |
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Term
| Rothman: social disorder and penal discipline |
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Definition
| As mentioned in the discussion of the Jacksonian era, Rothman noted that unlike their colonial forebears, Jacksonian reconceputalized crime, poverty and insanity as critical social problems. |
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Term
| Foucault: the extension of state power |
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Definition
| In his "Discipline and Punish", Foucault presents a theory of the birth of the prison, focusing on sovereign power and the emergence of state governance. |
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Term
| Ignatieff: industrialization and social order |
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Definition
| Declining social solidarity and growing social disorder were examined in the light of the Industrial Revolution. |
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Term
| Yet Another Michele Foucault Quote |
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Definition
| Prison is one of the key sights were power. |
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Term
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Definition
| Socio-religious, pollution cult of the individual, sacred |
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Term
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Definition
| Religions around the world have certain number of myths |
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Term
| Guard Uniforms in Buenas Aires |
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Definition
| Guard Uniforms at first is militarised, quasi-military, then civilian. |
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Term
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Definition
| Argentino Museo Penitenciario, Antenio Ballve |
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Term
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Definition
| Influential in governance and government |
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Term
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Definition
| The good shepard. Manager on a daily basis by a religious order. |
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Term
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Definition
| Was sent by the pope for the indiguous people. |
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Term
| Why was the cross on top in Buenas Aires? |
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Definition
| Cross on top for the omniscient diety. |
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Term
| The institution was covered by? |
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Definition
| Institution covered by religious architecture |
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Term
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Definition
| Dome was Del Karman Chapel, Catholic Faith. |
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Term
| The look of Argentina Prison |
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Definition
| Does not look like prison, looks very religious |
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Term
| Torture in Argentina Prison |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
|
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Term
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Definition
| Opposite of Buenos Airea. Very similar design to ESP 300 prisons trace their paternity to ESP. Prison plowed down to become a park. |
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Term
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Definition
|
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Term
| Significance of Apothecary |
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Definition
| Is the emergence of medical-legal state. Argentina became one of the first combining medicine and law. |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
|
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Term
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Definition
| FBI, Britliian and Argentines all claim fingerprints |
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Term
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Definition
| Symbolic for modern haircutting techniques |
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Term
| When prisoners leave Buenas Airea they are? |
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Definition
|
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Term
|
Definition
| Can use bongs. Bongs represented escape. |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
|
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Term
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Definition
| Postivism-Lombroso-Criminal |
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Term
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Definition
|
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Term
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Definition
| Church dictation CCD. Later changed by Corpornicus (Poland) and reasoned that the sun is the center. |
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Term
| Crime is rooted from the temptation of the devil |
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Definition
| Church Dictation. Beat the devil out of them |
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Term
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Definition
|
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Term
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Definition
|
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Term
| Jeremy Bentham (1748-1832) |
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Definition
| Utilitarianism. Social thought the understood human to be motivated by their own self-interest. From there, he introduced the pleasure pain principle from which individuals are assumed to rationally plan their behavior by calculating the amount of expected gain subtracted by the degree of pain |
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Term
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Definition
|
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Term
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Definition
| Toast and a little bit of juice |
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Term
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Definition
| Originates from Italy, but affects the world. |
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Term
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Definition
| Rahway Warden. Worked for 25 years, but its a fucked up place for fucked up people |
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Term
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Definition
|
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Term
| Reason why South Italians have a higher crime rate |
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Definition
| It is because they were part African. |
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Term
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Definition
| Bolstered the conservative ideology of corrections, asserting the state has the rightful authority to deter criminal behavior by imposing a high cost for committing crime. |
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Term
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Definition
| The case of serial murderer Ted Bundy-a modern-day folk devil- illuminates the strong emotional reaction that many people have toward violent offenders. |
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Term
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Definition
| Former Prison and now a prison museum. AKA Jo Town, Josee, and Cape Town. |
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| Afrikant word. Means Seperation |
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| Dialect of Dutch. Essentially Dutch without Grammar. |
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| Seperate Everyhing (Apartide) |
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| Keep blacks and whites seperated. |
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| White, Black, Colored (Mixed and Asians) |
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| Photograph, DOB, and Race |
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| Brought to a multiface socialty |
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| African National Congress. Banned Organization |
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| How many languages in South Africa? |
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| Eleven Official Languages |
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| President speaks in what language? |
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| Function of Cape Town prison before? |
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| During the South-African War |
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| The Old Fort was used as a military garrison. In 1902, the Fort became a prison again. |
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| Growed around the prison. |
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| Most undocumented immigrants. Mostly Nigerian |
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| Administrative Capital-Prison |
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| Non-White Prisoners in Cape Town |
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| Basically sleeping on the floor. The room is usually packed. Sometimes prisoners have to change shifts sleeping. 1/3 would sleep for 6 hours. The rest would stand. Vice-versa |
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| Took of clothes and stood naked in the yard. The wardens mocked for the nakedness. |
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| Institution closed at 1980. Started late 1990s it became constiuttional 1998. Fort built in 1898. |
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| Means black in legal documents |
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| became the subject of an iconic image of the 1976 Soweto uprising in South Africa when a news photograph by Sam Nzima of the dying Hector being carried by another student while his sister ran next to them, was published around the world. He was killed at the age of 13 when the police opened fire on protesting students. For years, 16 June stood as a symbol of resistance to the brutality of the apartheid government. Today, it is designated National Youth Day — when South Africans honor young people and bring attention to their needs. |
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| Young men who refuse to serve are faced with the choice of exile or a possible six years in prison. |
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| The apartive system was about to die |
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| Barrister or lawyer. He traveled to South Africa. He repeatedly was arrested for not having Dumb Pass. Imprisoned at number four 1948. Gandhi was assassinated. |
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| 7 months 10 day cumalative-Gandhi. 27 years-Nelson Mandela. |
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| Cannot force change on someone |
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| Tried to send her to rehab she said no, no, no. |
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| How many psychologists does it take to change a lightbulb? |
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| Just one, as long as the light bulb wants to change. People change when they are ready. |
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| Pre-Trial Diversion (intervention) |
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| It is really in the favor of the government. The intervention programs. Using the pre-trial intervention on low-risk criminals in order to show it works. |
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| The paradox that more programs lead to more problems in especially evident in non-violent drug offenses and juvenile delinquency since the more interventions available to the courts, the greater the likelihood an arrested person would be pulled into the orbit of the criminal justice system. |
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| Boonger (Dutch Criminologist). |
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| Political system of communal ownership: a political theory or system in which the means of production and distribution are controlled by the people and operated according to equity and fairness rather than market principles |
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| (also called Reformed tradition, or the Reformed faith, and sometimes Reformed theology) is a type of Protestant theological system and an alternative approach to the Christian life. This Reformed tradition was developed by several theologians such as Martin Bucer, Heinrich Bullinger, Peter Martyr Vermigli, and Huldrych Zwingli. |
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| The ethical doctrine that morality has its foundations in self-interest. The ethical belief that self-interest is the just and proper motive for all human conduct |
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| Dog-eat-dog world in the pursuit of profit. |
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| Professor of economics at Columbia University. 3 trillion $ war. For 3 trillion dollars everyone can go to a public school for free with books. |
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| Radicals debate. Finer points of critical theory |
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| Conflict, domination, and repression are characteristic elements of a capitalist society. The majority of crime in capitalist societies is a result of the inherent contradictions of capitalist social organization. Law and criminal justice system generally protect the interests of the powerful to the disadvantage of the powerless. Criminal justice makes sense only in the larger context of social justice. |
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| How many Americans below poverty? |
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| Making money off incarcerated people |
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| Uses rip off mentality over egoism |
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| Prisoners are confined to their cells (8 foot by 10 foot cells) 22.5 hours per day, where the temperature registers a constant 85 to 90 degrees. The unrelenting heat produces headaches, nausea, and dehydration, and drains the inmates of their mental and boidly injury. According to one prisoner: 'The inside of your body feels as though you have a fever and your skin is always moist with sweat, whether you move or not. |
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| was an American sociologist and criminologist. He earned a Bachelor of Arts at Princeton University and a Ph. D. at Northwestern University. He taught at Princeton, Dartmouth, and Northwestern prior to becoming sociology professor at the University of Virginia. Sykes's study of New Jersey State Prison has been described as a pioneering look at the issues faced by guards, as well as the pains of imprisonment encountered by inmates . His most famous work is The Society of Captives, which is sometimes considered the first work in the genre of prison sociology. He coauthored Techniques of Neutralization: A Theory of Delinquency with David Matza, published in the American Sociological Review in December 1957. |
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| We experience time as a resource, but prisoners view time as a burden experience of time change. Everything goes at a slower pace. |
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| A dominant theme in the inmate social system and that is reflected in the inmate code. Solidarity among convicts provides them with a meaningful social group |
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| Gangs are formally structured, and this degree of organization is reflected by the many services provided by their members. Inside the prison, gangs extend to members a sense of family and brotherhood along with an array of psychological benefits: personal and group identification, a feeling of belonging, and an air of importance. |
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| Most popular currency is prison |
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| Informal economic system. Economy and features the unofficial exchange of contrband. |
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| Those convicted of S & L theft served an average of 36.4 months in prison. Stealing over $100,000 dollars as well. By comparison, persons convicted of burglary served 55.6 months, those of motor vehicle theft served 38 months, and non-violent, first-time drug offenders an average of 64.9 months in prison. |
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| is the name used to describe "control-unit" prisons, or units within prisons, which represent the most secure levels of custody in the prison systems of certain countries. The objective is to provide long term, segregated housing for inmates classified as the highest security risks in the prison system — the "worst of the worst" criminals, and those who pose a threat to national and international security |
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| is the philosophical study of the structures of subjective experience and consciousness. It is a broad philosophical movement founded in the early years of the 20th century by Edmund Husserl, expanded upon by a circle of his followers at the universities of Göttingen and Munich in Germany. It then spread to France, the United States, and elsewhere, often in contexts far removed from Husserl's early work.Phenomenology, in Husserl's conception, is primarily concerned with the systematic reflection on and study of the structures of consciousness and the phenomena that appear in acts of consciousness. This phenomenological ontology can be clearly differentiated from the Cartesian method of analysis which sees the world as objects, sets of objects, and objects acting and reacting upon one another. |
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| How long was ESP in operation till? |
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| 1970 then moved to Greaterford |
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| ESP prisoners consisted of? |
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| What were the guard towers? |
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| What were dimensional walls? |
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| Walls were 6ft thick and went 10ft in the ground |
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| What is the alley origin? |
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| French. Alley la blue. Alley means to get going |
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| How did ESP differ from every other building in the US? |
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| It had indoor plumbing. Not even the Whitehouse had indoor plumbing. |
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| Group of peaceful citizens; believed in treating prisoners well because it will rehabilitate them. Treating all people well. |
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| Why was a second tier made? |
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| In order to make more room? |
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| Early on the windows were the only source of light, except candles. Until electricity was invented. |
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| Prisoners coming into ESP? |
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| Prisoners were escorted by an overseer. Prisoners were masked with a calico hood and so they did not know their way around the prison. Stigma, a guy goes to prison and everyone sees hiom. Then people would know him. This was shielded by a hood. |
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| How did ESP try to reform their prisoners? |
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| ESP was solitary confinement. They thought if they left people by themselves they would reform. Prisoners would go berserk and sentences were generally short. |
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| How were the prisoners fed? |
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| Prisoners ate well. Plenty of red meat and food. They had to eat what was on the plate. If you didnt eat it you could not keep it or have a second meal. |
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| Purpose of the clocks on guard towers? |
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| The clocks aided the guard towers because prisoners had to look up at it |
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| What would guards to walking around the halls? |
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| Guards would wear large socks over their shoes; so prisoners could not hear them |
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| Havelin on the two tiers? |
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| Havelin did not want to make two tiers. He was forced into it. |
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| It was right behind the guard tower, 230ft; wall was 30ft high. Another 6ft was added with a fence to try and stop home run balls. |
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| 4300 homerun balls were hit out of the field |
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| Prisoners that served in WWI |
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| People that served in WWI were commerated. Only numbers used to identify them and to protect their identity. Stigma |
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| All points meet at one spot. An officer can peer down each and every corrider on the ground level. |
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| Usually threw their balls back |
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| Prisoners asked friends to throw baseballs back. Baseballs with stuffed with drugs; then thrown back. |
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| Tunnel escape. They dug under the cell, under the wall, under the sewer and escaped onto Fairmount. |
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| Escaped a number of times and went to Brooklyn. Was caught by barder. Sutton was apprehended then killed. |
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| The tunnel was painted with a white line |
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| Most women were in ESP for non-violent crimes. |
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| People in ESP with larger crowds |
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| They would mix people up. They partnered people with different languages. |
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| Al Capone was caught with an unlicensed weapon. He had a gun with no license. Did a year at ESP. Received anything he wanted and released from another prison so the people and media did not get to him |
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| The victim would presumably be placed in the waist harness above the pyramid-shaped seat, with the point inserted into their anus or vagina, then very slowly lowered by ropes. The subject is tortured by intense pressure and stretching of the orifice, eventually succumbing to tears in muscle tissue that could turn septic and kill from infection, or simply being impaled. |
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| was an Italian writer, politician, political theorist, sociologist, and linguist. He was a founding member and onetime leader of the Communist Party of Italy and was imprisoned by Benito Mussolini's Fascist regime. Gramsci was one of the most important Marxist thinkers in the 20th century. His writings are heavily concerned with the analysis of culture and political leadership and he is notable as a highly original thinker within modern European thought. He is renowned for his concept of cultural hegemony as a means of maintaining the state in a capitalist society. |
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| was a set of legal and military customs in medieval Europe that flourished between the 9th and 15th centuries, which, broadly defined, was a system for structuring society around relationships derived from the holding of land in exchange for service or labour. |
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